US452537A - winklee - Google Patents

Description

(No-Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. T. WINKLER. COMPRESSION PUMP FOR 10E MAKING MACHINES. No. 452,537. Patented May 19, 1891.

JNVEN TOR A TTORNE Y WITNESSES:

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. T. WINKLER. COMPRESSION PUMP FOR ICE MAKING MAGHINES.

No. 452,537. Patented May 19,1891.

f I i 1; 5 1 I I I flfl Ir 7c fl J 6y WITNESSES: INVENTOR A TTOR/VE Y UNITED STATES PATENT Orrin EHREGOTT THEODORE WINKLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESN E ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AMERICAN ICE MACHINE COMPANY. I

COMPRESSION-PUMP FOR ICE-MAKING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 452,537, dated May 19, 1891. Application filed September 2t), 1887. Serial No. 250,221. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EHREGOTT THEODORE WVINKLER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, having declared my intention of becoming a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements ln Compression-Pumps for Ice-Making Maphines, of which the following is a specificaion.

My invention has relation to pumps for compressing the gases of volatile liquids in ice-making or refrigerating apparatus.

Owing to the fact that the working-cham ber of a pump in this class of devices is subjected to very great heat and intense cold at the same time, it has been customary to place the inlet and outlet ports in the heads of the working-chamber, so that the cylindrical part of the working-chamber will be affected as little as possible by the heat, which would make the cylinder expand and cause leakage between it and the piston working thereina disadvantage that is perfectly obvious. The advantage of this construction is that the plugs of the outlet-valves can be so placed that they will practically be in the workingchamber and subjected to the cooling action of the vapor that follows the piston on one side when the other-side is forcing .vapor into the condenser, and also cut off the vapor close to the inner wall of the working-chamberand the piston, so that little or none remains to expand as the piston recedes from the valve and prevent the inlet-port from being opened by the sucking action of said piston. The great disadvantage of this construction is the destructibility of the springs which hold the valve-plugs against their seats. The suddenness with which these springs give out and the stoppage and delays caused thereby often occasion great loss, especially when used in a refrigerating system.

To obviate the need of springs vertical pumps having gravity-valves in the upper and lower heads have been used, but with the consequent disadvantage of peculiarly-shaped heads and pistons and the addition of numerous joints besides those which are common to both the vertical and horizontal form of pump, to wit: the branch pipes which lead from the expander to the inlet-ports and the branch pipes which lead from the outlet-ports to the condenser. As is well known, the fewer the joints in a machine of this kind the less the leakage and the higher the efficienoy of the apparatus.

To secure all of the foregoing-described advantages and avoid the described disadvantages is the object of my invention, and this I accomplish by forming the ports in the walls of the cylinder, the outlet-ports being in the upper part and connected together by a passage having a single outlet, to which the pipe leading to the condenser is coupled, said upper part of the cylinder, including the ports and passages, being subjected to the action of cold water, which prevents the cylinder from expanding, and thereby, in conjunction with the cold vapor admitted in the lower side, preventing the bore of said cylinder from becoming eccentric relative to the piston, and by making the ports in said cylinder at right angles to the line of stroke to the piston, so that the valves will return to their seats by gravity. The plugs of the valves arealso located at that end of the port next to the cylinder, so that they will be subjected to the direct action of the cold vapor in the working-chamber, and also by reason of their location at the ends of the chambers take off practically all the vapor, so that there will be little or no expansion behind the piston on its return-stroke to prevent the latter from opening by suction the inlet-port and drawing in a fresh supply of vapor to fill the workingchamber for the next return-stroke of the piston to act upon. By using these devices the heads can be made solid and of great strength, which is necessary in constructions of this kind, and the inlet and outlet ports placed where long experience in steam-engineering has demonstrated to be the proper place Where durability and strength are needed.

My invention accordingly consists of the novelcombination, construction, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference ishad to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, wherein Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the pump and valves; Fig. 2,a detail front or end elevation of part of the cylinder and cap or cover for valve-casing; and Fig. 3, a cross-central section of pump-cylinder a'nd bed-plate therefor; showing a modified location of the outlet for the expansion or suction pipe of the pump.

A represents the pump-cylinder, having heads a a, piston a, piston-rod a stuiiingbox a, and bed-plate a", which for purposes of my invention may be constructed in any desired or well-known way.

B B are the valves for the compression side of the cylinder, and C C the valves for the suction or expansion side of the same. These valves are arranged in pairs and each valve of a pair is on the same side of the cylinder, the eonipression-valves B B being 10- cated on the top part of the same, as and for a purpose hereinafter described. Each valve of a pair is of like construction and all the valves have virtually a similar taper, which corresponds with that of the seats I) and c on the cages b and 0', respectively, for said pairs of valves. The seats for the pairs of valve however, are diiferently located on their re spective cages. Thus, for instance, the seats I) Z) for the valves B B are upon the inner surfaces of the lower end plates of the cages I), and the seats a c for the valves 0 C are upon the outersurfaces of the lower end plates of the cages c e. The effect of this construction of valves and the arrangement of their seats is that all the valves close by gravity, and are respectively opened by the com pression and suction forces in the cylinder.

The cages b and c are suitably but loosely supported upon shoulders (l in the lower or inner part of the valve-casings D, formed in the cylinder-walls, and are held in position by loose caps or covers (1 and d, respectively, which are secured to the cylinder by nuts (Z and bolts (1, so as to be removable therefrom, as indicated more plainly in Figs. 1 and 2, for obtaining quick and easy access to the valves for replacement or repairs. If desired, the caps (l for the valves 13 B may have tubular openings (1', in which slide the stems of said valves, and the upper part of each of said openings is closed by a screw-plug g. The shoulders (Z in valve-casings D are provided to support the cages and valves out of the way or above the line of the bore of the cylinder, so that said valves cannot as they wear pass down into the path of the piston, but suiticiently close to practically prohibit the accumulation between it and the piston of vapor, which would expand as the piston recedes and keep the latter from opening the suctionvalve that ithappens to be receding from, and thus prevent the recharging of the working-chamber for the next stroke of the piston.

The outlet-ports for the valves B B are connected by a longitudinal channelf, having a single outlet or compression pipe f, and the inlet-ports for the valves C C are likewise connected by a channel 71, having a single inlet or suction pipe 7i.

The provision of two sets of valves of the construction described admits of connecting the casing-ports for each set of valves to a single outlet or inlet pipe and also of the valves being positively returned to their seats by gravity. Thus, for instance, when the piston is moving in the direction of arrow I the suction-valve G and the compress onvalve B are opened and the other suctionvalve 0 and compression -valve B closed. Upon the return-stroke of the piston the two last-named valves open and the two former close. In the drawings the piston is represented at the end of its stroke and all the valves closed.

Upon the outside of the cylinder are preferably centrally located longitudinal ribs 70, to which and to the ends of the cylinder is attached receptacle K, having inlet and outlet water-pipes 7c and respectively, (see Fig. 3,) to form a circulating water-jacket for the compression side of the cylinder, which is preferably upon the top of the same to admit of easy formation of said jacket or receptacle walls K, so that it will have an open top; but it may be otherwise constructed as desired. The object of this construction is to cool the upper part of the cylinder, which contains the valves and ports of the high or compression side of the pump, and thereby equalize the diiference in temperature between the upper and lower parts of the cylinder and prevent the bore of the latter from losing its concentricity relative to the piston. The expansion or suction side of the pump being always cold, due to the suction of the cold gas from the evaporator, needs no water-jacket.

The inlet h for the suction side of the pump may be at the bottom of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. i, or at its side, as indicated in Fig. I prefer the last-named arrangement, as access thereto is more convenient, and, further, it admits of mounting the pump-cylindcr upon a solid bed-plate, as shown.

I am aware that the workirig-chambers of airpumps have been inclosed in jackets, through which water is circulated to keep the cylinder cool, and make no claim to that construction, and am also aware that the heads of vertical pumps used in-refrigerating apparatus have been provided with water-con taining receptacles which inclose the heads of the cylinder, and to that I make no claim. My device differs from both forms in that the high side of the pump is cooled with water, while the low side is cooled by vapor enter- IIO ing the pump, and diifers, further, in that the heads adjacent to the bore of the cylinder, ports are in the cylinders instead of the heads and a water-receptacle inolosing only the upand in that each pair of ports are connected per part of the horizontal cylinder.

by a passage in the body of the cylinder. In testimonywhereof I affix my signature in 5 What I therefore claim as new is presence of two witnesses.

In a refrigeratim apparatus pump a working-chamber haging outlet-ports in the THEODORE WINKLER' upper side of a horizontal cylinder, inlet- Witnesses: ports in the lower side of the cylinder, and JOHN RODGERS,

[0 all the ports closed by valves having their S. J. VAN STAVOREN.

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