US450630A - Printing-telegraph - Google Patents

Description

7 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

(No Model.)

S. R. LINVILLE 8: L. F. HETTMANSPERGER.

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7 Sheets-Shet 2. S. R. LINVILLE 82; L. F. HETTMANSPERGEBJ.

(No Model.)

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented'Apr. 21, 1891.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

S. R. LINVILLE & L. P HETTMANSPERGER.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

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7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

S. R. LINVILLE 8: L. F. HETTMANSPERGER.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

R E G R E P S N M Tm A E G PT G LN I n .I BE P I V N I L R QM No. 450,630. Patented Apr. 21, 1891.

7P S N .A M T .T E H P L & E L L I V N T L PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 450,630. Patented Apr. 21,1891.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6. S. R. LINVILLE & L. P. HETTMANSPERGER.

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SAMUEL R. LIN VILLE AND LOUIS F. HETTMANSPERGER, OF PHILADELPHIA,- PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE KEYSTONE BATTERY AND ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 450,630, dated April 21, 1891.

Application filed June 23, 1890- Serial No. 356,382. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: trical devices employed to control the alter- Be it known that we, SAMUEL R. LINVILLE nating apparatus by means of the keys of any and LOUIS FREDERICK HETTMANSPERGER, transmitter or receiverconnectedinthemainboth citizens of the United States, residing at line conductor, to enable any transmitter the city of Philadelphia, in the county of to send and record impressions and messages 55 Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have in page form on any instrument located in the invented certain new and useful Improvesingle line simultaneously with the recording ments in Printing-Telegraphs, of which the of such messages on the instrument used as a following is a specification. transmitter.

Our invention relates in general to anovel Our invention consists, first, in a print- 60 system of printing-telegraphy in which the ing-telegraph system of a terminal or interinstruments are capable of being operated mediate station-current alternator driven by either as transmitters or receivers by altera frictional attachment from a suitable source nating currents transmitted through a single or power, the movement and speed of which line-conductor from a source of electric enis regulated automatically by an anchor-es- 65 ergy located at a terminal station where the capement or similar device controlled by alternator and the apparatus for controlling electro-magnets responding to alternating the same are preferably located, yet neverelectric impulses sent to line by the alternatheless the alternator and apparatus for contor. Both terminals of the source of elec- 2o trolling the same maybe located in line at an tric energy are first connected with a pole- 7o intermediate station instead of at the terchanger, and the current passes then to conminal station. The instruments have each tact-springs bearing on alternating contacts two type-wheels with characters arranged in on the shaft of the alternator, and from which the same radial line on the peripheries therecontact springs direct the entire current of. Each instrument looped in asinglemainthrough the alternator and pole-changer al- 7 5 line conductor through said alternator opternately and simultaneously to earth and to erates either as a transmitter or as a receiver line. In a conductor between one of the terwithout the employment of hand-switches or minals and the pole-changer the coils of a other devices for directing the current or neutral relay are located, and these are conchanging the organization of the instruments stantly charged by a current of the same po- 80 to adapt them for use as transmitters or relarity while the alternator is in motion. The ceivers, or vice versa. The impressions are lever of the relay closes alocal circuit through effected by means of a local battery located its front stop and the coils of the pole-changer at each instrument. Thelocation of thelinemagnet, thereby attracting the armature of battery, the alternator, and the arresting dethe pole-changer lever in position to main- 85 vices at a terminal station or at an intermetain a fixed polarity in the conductors leaddiate station obviates the necessity and ex ing to the alternator while the same is sendpense of alternating devices and a linc-bating alternating currents to line. In this con,- tery at each transmitter or receiver. dition the alternator runs automatically and Our invention further relates to improvecontinuously, sending alternating impulses 9o ments in key-boards; in apparatus for prethrough the coils of a polarized relay for clos senting the paper in page form from a coning the circuit of a local battery alternately tinuous roll to the type-wheels; in circuits through the escapement electro-magnets con: and apparatus for shifting the type-wheels; trolling the alternator. At the same time the in determining from which type-Wheel the alternating impulses in the line traverse the 95 impression is to be made; in operating the coils of a neutral double-contact relay and a impression-hammer; in releasing the paperpolarized relay located at each instrument in carriage; in unison devices and circuits for line, and also pass through the sunflower dethe printing-instruments and the terminalor vice and key-board on each instrument and intermediate station, and in circuits and electhen to earth or to line. The double-contact roo neutral relay directs the current of a local battery through either the printing electromagnet or both the type-wheel shifting and printing electro-magnets located at each instrument in-the line, and the polarized relay closes the circuit of a local battery at each instrument alternately through its respective contacts and the coils of two neutral electromagnets which control the escapement-armature and pallets of each transmitter or receiver. Each of the transmitting or receiving instruments has two type-wheels mounted t on a loose sleeve on a shaft with letters arranged in the same radial line on both type wheels. The keys are preferably arranged in transverse parallel lines across the keyboard, and are twice as many in number as the characters on one type-wheel and similarly double the number of contacts on the sunflower device. lates to one type-wheel and the adjacent line of keys to the other type-Wheel. key in one line is in electrical connection with an adjacent key in an adjacent line, and with one division of the sunflower device, in order that by the depression of either of the two keys the type-wheels may be arrested at the same position. Each alternate row of keys for one type-wheel is connected to the line and to earth around a resistance, the other row of keys for the other type-wheel being connected to line and to earth through said resistance and adjacent key. When a key of the former row is depressed, the line is to line or to earth.

thereby broken, and when a key in the latter row is depressed the line to the former is interrupted and diverted through a resistance lVhile the type-wheels are in motion the uniform alternating current passes to line and to earth. One typewheel is in such case normally in position to cause impressions to be recorded. When any of the keys relating to this type-wheel is depressed it breaks the line-current, instantly breaking the circuit through the coils of the neutral relay at the terminal station. This relay breaking the local circuit through the elect-ro-magnet of the pole-changer causes it to reverse the current, and the alternator under these conditions is arrested in consequence of a break in the line. The neutral relay contact-lever at each instrument impinges against its back contact and closes the printing-circuit through the coils of the print ing-magnet to effect an impression on the type-Wheel normally in position. lVhen any of the keys relating to the other type-wheel are depressed, the line current is broken thereby to the adjacent key connected therewith and directed through a resistance, which so reduces the current in the coils of the relay at the terminal station that its armature suddenly falls back,breaking the circuit through the pole-changer, thereby reversing the currents in the line and causing the alternator and the type-wheels to be arrested in consequence of the change of polarity in a weak One line of keys re- Each line-current. The neutral relay-leverat each instrument will now close the printing-circuit through its front contact, first, through the shifting electro-magnet to shift the typewheels into such a position that the other of said wheels may be permitted to record impressions, and, secondly, near the termina-' tion of the movement of the type-wheel and by means of circuit-closing devices actuated by the lever of the shifting-magnet the printing-circuit will be closed automatically in parallel circuit through the coils of both the shifting electro-magnet and the printing electro-magnet to effect an impression from the type-wheel. After the impression has been made an interrupter breaks the circuits by the first forward movement of the typewheels, and a springimmediately restores the type-wheels to their normal position.

Our invention consists, secondly, in the circuits and electrical and mechanical devices for effecting the unison of the terminal or interm ediate station-alternator and the respective instruments connected in circuit therewith and for simultaneously releasing the unison devices.

Our invention consists, thirdly, in, the peculiar arrangement and organization of the key-board, keys, contacts, and circuits for effecting the different conditions of line-current; in the construction of the paper-carriage and impression devices; in the electrical and mechanical devices employed; in releasing the paper-carriage at any point in its excursion, and in apparatus for feeding the paper and for operating the impression-hammer.

Our invention consists, fourthly, of numerous details in electrical devices, circuits,and mechanisms, as hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Telegraph-instruments such as are comprised in the present system will operate either as transmitters or receivers without modification and may be constructed and arranged to operate as receivers only by omitting the sunflower device and key-board, the conductor being connected to ground or to line through a polarized relay or through the electro-magnets controlling directly a polarized escapement armature.

The nature and particular characteristic features of our invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which- Fignre 1 is a longitudinal section of acombined transmitting and receiving instrument embodying the particular features of our invention, showing a key-board, mechanism for rotating the type-wheel shaft, an escapemen t, sunflower device, printing mechanism, and a paper-carriage. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the upper portion of the housing of the instrument, showing the tppe-wheel shaft, two type-wheels, mechanism for shifting and inking said type-wheels, a unison-latch, and a releasing device employed in all the instrusection, of a combined transmitter and re-- ceiver, showing the escapement, shifting and printing magnets, and devices for advancing and releasing the paper-carriage. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line a: as of Fig. 1, showing in detail the construction of a combined transmitting and receiving instrument. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the instrument, showing the printing mechanism, a track or rail,-a roller for guiding the paper-carriage, a bumper for a toggle-lever adapted to cause the paper to be fed between lines, and a weight for returning the paper-carriage to its normal position. Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of a paper-carriage provided with two feedrollers, and showing at the left-hand side thereof the mechanism for feeding the paper between lines. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the printing devices, mechanisms for releasing the paper-carriage, and the unisonlatch. Fig. 8 is an elevational view of the cams for actuating the printinghammer. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of an alternating station, showing a single-line main circuit having a polarized relay, an alternator, a pole-changer, a relay, and a main battery interposed therein, and also showing local circuits for controlling the escapement, unison devices, and pole-changer magnet. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view of a transmitting-instrument, showing a key-board, resistancecoil, sunflower, pnlsator, escapement, polarized relay, a neutral relay, printing and shifting magnets, and the circuits and batteries for actuating and controlling the same. Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of a terminal station, showing modifications of the devices and circuits of Fig. 9, and also showing at the lower portion thereof an auxiliary battery adapted to increase the strength of the line current at the transmitting-instrument. Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic View of the parts of a transmittinginstrument, showing a modified key-board, and also a relay for effecting a short break in the line when certain keys are depressed prior to closing the line through a resistance. Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view of a terminal station, showing a detent-magnet, an alternator, a unison device, a relay, and circuits for actuating and controlling the same; and Fig. 14 is a similar view of the parts of a transmitting-instrument, showing devices for cutting out parts of the resistance included in the line by certain keys.

The combined transmitter and receiver consists, essentially, of a base A, in which the keys and electrical connections with the sunflower-segments and the line are located, and which supports at its rear end a table a, carrying the impression and feeding devices, and on top the frame-plates a and a containing the drum a and train of gearing a, driven by a weight a for actuating the typewheel shaft 1) and the escapement and sunflower shaft 0, which are geared to one another by a shaft and miter-gearing b, so as to revolve synchronously.

The frame-plates a and a are separated by distance-plates a" and a a back plate a and glass plates a are inserted in front and on top to exclude dust and to render the internal parts of an instrument accessible at any time.

The type-wheel shaft 19 carries a sleeve 19 to which are secured two type-wheels B and B, having letters and characters arranged in similar radial lines on the peripheries thereof. The sleeve 19 is free to move longitudinally about one-fourth of an inch on the shaft b, but is prevented from turning on this shaft by a fixed cross-bar 19 secured to the shaft Z) and carrying two pins 1), which pass neatly or snugly through holes in the type-wheels B and B, and on which the type-wheels freely slide. A spiral spring 17 attached to the cross-arm b and the type-wheel B, permits longitudinal motion of the type-wheels and constantly tends to rotate the type-wheels in their normal direction, thereby preventing any variation from their correct position that might result from enlargement of the holes through which the pins b pass.

The type-wheel B is shown in normal position for delivering impressions.

To place the type-wheel B in position to deliver impressions, a shifting device is employed, which consists of the rod 0?, sliding in supports secured to the plate a extending between the side plates (1/ and a This rod carries a fixed arm (1', which engages loosely in a groove b in the sleeve 6 mounted on the type-wheel shaft 1). The lever 01 of the armatured and magnet D is pivoted at d to the side frame a and forked at its upper end -to embrace the rod cl, to which it is pivotally attached. The electro-magnetDis supported on the base A of the instrument. When the magnet is energized, its armature d is attracted and the type-wheel B is shifted into the same vertical plane normally occupied by the type-wheel B, and is immediately restored to its previous position by the retractingspring d after the impression has been taken and the depressed key has been released, thereby closing the line-circuit and causing the type-wheels to again revolve. The first movement of the type-wheel shaft breaks the local printingrircuit by means of the interrupter k.

An ink-roller 6, bearing on the periphery of the type-wheels, freely turns on a rod e between arms e hinged to the standards 6 The rod 6 permits of the longitudinal motion of the ink-roller when moved laterally by the type-wheels. The pressure of the ink-roller e on the type-wheels B and B may be adjusted in any suitable manner.

The type-wheel shaft 1) carries a camf, which is adjusted thereon relatively to the releasing-space of the type-wheels. This cam f depresses once in each revolution the vertical rod f,,which vibrates the releasing device hereinafter described. The type-wheel shaft 1) also carries a unison spirally-thread ed screw g, into the grooves of which the right-angular extremity g of the unison-latch g engages in a well-understood manner. The unisonlatch g is pivoted vertically and laterally at its other extremity to a trunnion g and is solicited downward and laterally by the helical spring g. This latch g arrests the typewheel shaft 1) at the unison position when the right-angular extremity of the latch g impinges against the termination of the unisonscrew. The unison-latch g is released from the screw g through the instrumentality of the extension h of the printing magnet-lever p each time an impression is given or recorded, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The sunflower-shaft c is pivotally supported in position concentrically with the table of contacts in the sunflower G, and carries the escape-wheel i, the local-circuit-interrupting wheel 70, and an arm Z, which once in each revolution at the unison position separates the insulating-springs Z and Z thereby interrupting at this position only the local circuit which is employed to energize the shiftingmagnet D. The number of teeth in the escape-wheel t' is equal to half the number of divisions on a type-wheel B or B, one divis- 'ion for either type-wheel being positioned radially by each vibratory movement of the escapement-armature lever and pallets t". The armature i may be a polarized armature vibrated between the poles of electro-m agnets I by alternating line-currents or a neutral armature vibrated by the current of a local battery closed alternately through the respective electro-magnets bythe contacts of a polarized relay M included in the line-circuit.

The ratchet-wheel k for interrupting the local circuit has as many beveled teeth as there are divisions on each of the type-wheels ,or some multiple thereof. The right-angular lever k, pivoted at and solicited by the helical spring W, has a beveled projection 70, which rides over the beveled teeth of the ratchet-wheel k by the revolution of the shaft 0, causing the insulated contact-point k thereon to rapidly make and break contact with the fixed and insulated contact-point [2 and when the shaft 0 is arrested by the pallets on t" the projection 70 of the arm 70 drops into one of the teeth on the interrupting-wheel 7c, permitting the insulated contactpoints it and 70 to close the portion of the local circuit hereinafter described.

The sunflower 0 consists of insulated contact-segments 0 equal in number to the divisions on each type-wheel. A hub 0 insulated from the shaft 0, carries an arm 0 to which is secured a contact spring or brush 0 divided at its extremity so as to overlap the insulating-strips c separating any two segments and thereby preventing any interruption of the line-circuit as the contact-spring sweeps over the segments. The line is conducted to the hub c by means of a hub c and spring a, bearing thereon and supported at its other extremity on an insulated bearing.

Each segment of the sunflower is connected by a conductor 10 to one of the springs n, which are attached to a bar of insulating material n, secured to the base n preferably made of wood, vulcanite, or other suitable insulating material.

The keys and their contact-springs are preferably supported, as shown, by the removable key-board N; but we do not limit ourselves to this particular arrangement of the keys and contacts shown, since numerous modifications of construction and arrangement of the parts for effecting the same result may be substituted therefor. There are three transverse ranges of keys, each range consisting of two rows of keys N and N with ten keys in each row, making thirty keys for each typewheel and corresponding in number with the divisions on said wheels. The first, third, and fifth transverse rows N relate to the type-wheel B, normally in position for printing, and the second, fourth, and sixth rows N relate to the type-wheel B, which must be shifted into position to deliver its impression on the same line with the impression given by the type-wheel 13. Any two adjacent keys N and N in the respective odd and even numbered rows are so associated by their contacts and circuits as to arrest the type-wheels, by means hereinafter described, at the same radial position; but the circuits and devices are such that when the typewheels are arrested by the depression of a key N in the first, third, or fifth row an impression is given by the wheel B, and when arrested by the depression of a key N in the second, fourth, or sixth row the type-wheel B is shifted into the position to give an impression in the position previously occupied by the type-wheel B.

The characterson the type-wheel B are presented in regular order, starting from the unison position (indicated by the first key a on the left in the first row) as the keys are successively depressed in regular order from left to right in each range of double rows of keysthat is, the odd rows of keys passing successively from left to right in rows will give all the positions for the type-wheel B, and the even rows of keys will similarly give all the positions for the type-wheel B, two adjacent keys, as N and N in any range indicating the same segment 0 of the sunflower and the same radial position of both typewheels. With this explanation the circuits controlled by the keys, their functions, and the devices associated therewith will be readily understood when the circuits are described in detail by reference to the diagram Figs. 9 to let, and the detail connections shown in Fig. 10.

The paper-carriage 0, Figs. 1 and 6, consists of two side bars, between which are se- ICC cured the rackbar o, strut which forms the guide-rail for the paper-carriage, a bar 0 to guide the sheet of paper, and a split bar 0 between the upper ends of the side bars 0. There are also grooved guide-bars 0 on the inner side of the side bars 0 to hold the edges of the sheet of paper 0. The carriage runs on two wheels 0 supported on a. track 0 secured to the rear end of the base A. Below thetrack are two safety-wheels 0 to prevent the carriage from being derailed. The strut 0 forming the upper guide-rail, bears on a single-grooved Wheel 0 which is pivot-edto a bracket 19, rising from the post p, which supports the impression-hammer p and the lever 19 that actuates the same. By employing only one wheel for the guide-rail 0 the necessity of extending this rail beyond the side bars 0 of the paper-carriage is obviated. The paper-roller o,the feed-roller 0 and the pressure-roller 0 arejou rnaled in theside bars 0. The end of the feed-rollerjournal carrie'sa ratchet-wheel 0 in which engages the pawlo, pivotally attached to the upper end of a sliding bar- 0 moving in a guide 0 fastened to the sidebaro. The lower end of the sliding baro is hinged at 0 to one arm of atoggle-lever 0 the other arm of which is hinged to the side bar at 0 A spring 0 maintains the pawl 0 in contact with the ratchet-wheel 0 and a helical spring 0 draws back the sliding bar 0 and thereby deflects the toggle-lever 0 \Vhen the paper-carriage is released, as hereinafter described, a cord 0 solicited by a weight 0 causes the carriage to run backward, and when it nears the end of its excursion the deflected toggle-levers 0 strike against a fixed arm 0 causing the togglelevers to assume a nearly vertical position, thereby forcing the sliding bar 0 upward, and by means of the pawl 0 revolving the ratchet-wheel 0 and the feed-roller 0 so as to feed the paper the space between two lines of printing. The toggle-jointed levers possess many advantages over cams or inclined ways for effecting this result, since the power exerted by the toggle-jointed levers increases as the momentum. of the paper-carriage diminishes.

The magnet P, by which the paper-carriage and the impression and releasing devices are controlled, is attached to the table A, Figs. 1,

3, 5, and 7. Its armature p is attached to the lever p turning on trunnions p, pivoted in the table A and the bracket 19 The lever 19 carries at its extremity a pawl 19 with a spring 19 which causes the pawl 19 to engage with the teeth of the rack 0'. hen the magnet P is energized, the armature p is attracted and the pawl 19 engages a tooth of the rack 0', and when the local circuit through the magnet is broken the retracting-spring p causes the lever 19 to move the paper-carriage forward one notch to space between letters of the printing. The carriage is prevented from taking a retrograde movement by a detent p, when the electro-magnet p attracts its armature. To a post 19, supported by the table A, is secured a horizontal pipe 19 through which the rod 19 carrying the printing-hammer 13 is guided. The rod is surrounded by a helical spring 19 which causes the return movement of the rod 19. In a bracket 19, attached to the post p, alever 193 is pivoted, forked at its upper end to engage the rod p and having at its lower end a reciprocating pawl 19, pivoted thereto and arranged so that the rear extremity p of the pawl plays between shoulders. Another similar reciprocating pawl p is arranged so as to be held rigidly bya spring p againsta shoulder 19 during the downward motion of an arm p attached to the rock-shaft p turning in supports 13 Another arm 19 on the same rock-shaft is connected by a link 19 to the lever 13 When the electro-magnet P is energized, the lever 13 rocks the shaft 19 and the pawl 19 strikes and passes the pawl 19, causing a movement of the forked lever p and thereby effecting a quick blow of the printing-hammer 23 which instantly recoils by the action of the helical spring 19 on the rod p When the local circuit through the electro-magnet P is interrupted, the lever 19. recoils, rocking the shaft 10 in a reverse direction, whereupon the reciprocating pawls, being pivoted and free to revolve during the return movement, pass one another and are again in a position to engage by means of the spring 19 attachedto the pawl 13, when the magnet P is energized.

The mechanism for releasing the paper carriage at any point in its excursion will now be described. A camf, (see Fig. 7,) .secured to the type-wheel shaft 1), once in each revo lution of the shaft strikes and depresses a rod f, sliding freely and vertically in guides attached to the rear plate a of the frame-work of the instrument. This rod f abuts against the shorter arm of the leverf pivoted by the trunnion f to supports secured to the plate 0. The longer arm of the lever f carries at its extremity a link f, supporting a strut f one end of which rises into the path of a projection f, fixed to the under side of the lever p and falls clear of the same each time the cam f on the type-wheel shaft 1) passes over the rod f. The other end of the strut f is connected by a universal joint to the short arm of the bell-crank leverf pivoted by a stud screw to a table a. The long arm of this bell-crank lever f bears against the short arm f of a bent lever f also pivoted by a stud-screw to the table a, and the extremity of this lever terminates in a crossarm in which are fixed two pins f and j, which engage the pawl 13 and the detentp. These pins are held out of contact with the pawl and detent by the springf Akeyn called the releasing-key, is connected by a conductor to a division of the sunflower de vice indicatinga blank division on both type wheels, and the cam f is so adjusted on the type-wheel shaft 1) that when the type-wheels are arrested by the depression of the key it" the cam f hangs vertically and stops directly over the sliding rod f, slightly depressing the same. This causes the lever f to lift and firmly hold the strut f in the path of theprojection f, and since the electro-magnet P is now energized by the circuits to be described its armature g is attracted, causing the projection f on the lever to collide with the strut-f thereby actuating the bell-crank leverf and curved lever f. The pins f and f consequently disengage the pawl p and the detent p from the rack o and retain them in this position while the key a" is depressed, permitting the paper-carriages of all the instruments looped in the line to return to their initial position by the weight from any point in their excursion, thus enabling any operator on a long line in which numerous instruments may be included to simultaneously bring the paper-carriages of all the instruments to unison from any point in the excursion of the carriages O. This result cannot be effected by an automatic releasing-device, such as heretofore employed.

A description of the electric circuits and devices included therein will now be given. The line-battery Q, Fig. 9, may be any suitable source of electric energy located at a. terminal station and with transmitting and receiving instruments looped in the line at intermediate points. Allthe apparatus for alternating the currents of the battery through the line and for arresting the alternator is preferably located at the station with the line-battery, and this station may be at any point in the line and connected to earth. From one electrode-say the positive-of the linebatj tery a conductor 1 is connected to the coils of a relay U, and from the same a conductor 2 is led to one contact-spring t; of a pole-changer 1 The other electrode is connected by a con- 1 V. ductor 3 directly to the other contact-spring o of the pole-changer V. From the two back contacts 71 and Q2 electrically connected, a conductor 4 is led to the two contact-springs t and 25 of the alternator T, and from the lever 17 of the pole-changer V another conductor 5 is connected to the two contact-springs t and t of said alternator T. The line-spring t and earth-spring t bear upon hubs t and t electrically connected with disks comprising alternate contacts and insulations. The two inner springs 25' and t bear on alternate contacts and insulations on the disks t and t and these contacts and insulations alternate with those on the disks t and i and are in electrical connection each with the adjacent outer disks t and 25 but insulated from one 1 another by the disks 25 of insulating material. 1

It is evident, therefore, that as the disks revolve, presenting alternately two contacts on the outer disks and two contacts on the inner disks to their respective contact-springs, the direction of the current from the line-battery will be alternately to line and to earth. Nhen the alternator in the line is at an intermediate station, the earth-spring t is connected with a line running in an opposite direction to the line connected with the spring 15", and the same effects are thereby produced as when the alternator T is located, as illustrated in Fig. 9, in the line at the terminal station. The current in the line passes by the conductor 6 to'the coils of a polarized relay NV, through the same, and then by the line 7. The relay U closes, through its front contact LL and through the coils of the pole-changer magnet V, the circuit of the local battery q, and through its back contact to the coils of the unison-magnet S and the circuit 20 and 21 of the same local battery. The polarized relay W closes by one contact to the circuit 23 and 24 of alocal battery q through the coils of the escapement magnet R, and by its other contact to the circuit 25 and 24: of the same local battery q and through the coils of the escapement-magnet R. As the currents in the line alternate, the armature r of the escapement-magnets R and R vibrates, thereby actuating the pallets 0" between the teeth r of the escape-wheel r on the shaft r of the alternator T without arresting said shaft. The armature 0" will continue to vibrate automatically as long as alternating currents are maintained in the line, but as soon as the circuit of the pole-changer magnet V is broken at the front contact a of the relay U the pole-changer armature v leaves the poles of said magnet and its lever falls away reversing the direction of the current to the alternator and to line. This arrests the vibration of the armature r of the escapement magnets R and R, and one orthe other of the pallets 9* contacts with a tooth in the escape-wheel r \Vhen the alternator T is arrested, the levers of all the polarized relays at the respective instruments in line are also arrested, and all the type-wheels of such instruments are consequently arrested in unison at the letter indicated by the key depressed at the transmitter, and the relaytongue n breaks from its front contact, whether a key breaking the line or a key closing the line circuitthrough a resistance is depressed, or whether the latter key causes the IIO line to be interrupted for a very short interval before closing the line through a resistance. The line-circuit passes from the polarized relay XV by the conductor 7 through the coils of a neutral relay X with front and back contacts .90 and so, then by a conductor 8 to a polarized relay AI through the coils of its magnet by the conductor 9 to the sunflowerbrush 0 and from the insulated hub 0 through the arm 0 and brush 0 to the contacts 0 as the brush 0 sweeps over the same. The polarized relay M closes the circuit of a local battery g through the escapement-magnetl by its tongue in and contact m, and through the escapement-magnet I by its tongue m and the contact m. Each contact c of the The spring a connects with the insulated contactpiece a, with which the spring or on a key N in an even row of keys contacts. The spring a on the opposite side of this key N is electrically connected with the spring 72 and the course of the current is through these springs n and n to the insulated contact of. The spring a on an adjacent key N, in an odd-numbered row of keys, is in the same circuit, and the spring a contacts with the insulated contact 01 and the opposite end of the spring a contacts with a bar-conductor a", which is connected by the conduciorl 1 to earth when one transmitter-only is in line, but to line and the other transmitters when morethat one is in line and then to earth. When a key N is depressed, the springs a and a break contact and thereby interrupt the line when the sunflower-brush 0* contacts with the segment 0, connected electrically with the key depressed. The conductors 12 are connected to the contact-pieces n and the springs 12 which when depressed contact with a bar n connected by the conductor 13 to a resistance R and then by the conductor 14 to earth. It follows that when a key in an even-numbered row of keys is depressed it breaks the line to the odd-numbered row, and at the same time the circuit of the line is closed through the resistence R when the sunflower-brush 0 contacts with the segment 0 connected electrically with this key. To prevent the current passing from the springs a back to line through other ranges of keys, said springs are insulated from one another and an insulation on the lower end of the key N presses on the spring a until contact is made with the conductor-bar n hen a key is released, the uniform line-current acts to attract the armature of the relay U at the terminal station, and the'instruments run with a full current until another key is depressed. In operating the keys N and N it is necessary for rapid work to press each succeeding key before the last one pressed is released,otherwise the type-wheels of all the instruments will run to unison and be arrested in that position.

The operation of printing is as follows: All the instruments being at unison with one another and with the alternator T, and held by the unison-latches g the unison-key n is depressed by the operator at any instrument in line. This breaks the line-circuit through the coils of the relay U, whereupon its lever 10 breaks at its front contact a the local circuit 20 through the pole-changer magnet V, and closes at its back contact a the local circuit of the battery q through the unison-magnet S, which consequently attracts its armature s, and by the rod 5 releases the unison-latch s of the alternator T, while at the same time the detent s on the lever 8 holds the alternatorshaft 0 in this position as long as the unisonkey 01, remains depressed. Instead of closing the local circuit of the battery (1 through the back contact to of the relay U, the cirlever 00 of the relay X, then through its backv stop :0 by the conductor 30, to the coils of the printing-magnet P, and the conductor 31 to the other electrode of the battery. On the extremityof the lever p of the printing-magnet P an arm h is fixed, which extends into the instrument, Figs. 3 tacts with a bell-crank lever h, pivotally attached to the rear plate a of the instrument. This bell-crank h supports a vertical rod 7L2, moving freely in guides attached to the rear plate a, and abuts against the under side of the unison-latch 9 When the circuit last described is closed, the armature p is attracted and the bar 7t on the end of the lever 19 strikes one arm of the bell-crank lever h and the rod 712, and consequently releases the unison -latch g simultaneously with the release of the latch s at the alternator'l. The operator now depresses a key Nsay in the odd-numbered range relating to the type-wheel B-and releases the unison-key n, whereupon, the line-circuit 7 being closed, alternating pulsations cause the type-wheels B and B to rotate rapidly until the sun flower-brush 0 contacts with abrokenline segment celectrioally connect-ed with the key depressed, the projection k of the interrupter-arm 7; again drops into a notch in its ratchet-wheel 7r, closing the insulated contacts. k and 7c, and the relay-tongue 00 falls against the back-stop at, thereby closing the circuit last described. The armature 13 being attracted, the lever 19 of the printingmagnet P is drawn forward, causing the reciprocating pawls p and 19 to collide and pass one another, as previously described, thereby effecting a sudden blow of the printing-hammer 19 against the paper 0 which causes an impression of the character presented on the type-wheel by the key depressed. The pawl p also engages with another tooth of the rack o. WVhen the local circuit is interrupted at the relay X, in consequence of the release of this key, the line is closed, The type-wheels consequentlybegin to revolve and the circuit of the battery g through the printing-magnet P, is broken at the contacts 10 and 7c of theinterrupter 70'. The retracting-spring p moves the lever 19 thus causing the carriage O to advance one step to space between letters of the printing, and at the same time by the intervention of the bar 11 and rock-shaft p the reciprocating pawls p and 19 pass one another in the manner hereinbefore described and are in a position to repeat the operation. If a key N in an even-numbered row be depressed, the

and 7, Where it con-.

IOC

relay U at the terminal or intermediate statron again breaks the line-current atits front contact 21,, and also causes the unison-latch s to be lifted, (a result which must occurat the impression of every lctterf) and the alternator T, and consequently the type-wheels B and B, of allinstruments in line are arrested at the indicated position. rent in line, and the neutral relay-lever contacts with its front stop 1: closing the circuit of the printing local battery from one electrode by the conductor 28 to the insulated contact 7& and 7& of the interrupter then by the conductor 29 to the lever of the relay X, then from its front contact by the conductor 32 to the insulated spring Z of the unison cut-out L, (normally closed except at the unison position,) then from the other spring Z of the cut-out L by the conductor to the insulated arm d" on the trunnion d of the lever 61 of the shifting-magnet D. This magnet D is of much greater resistancethan the printing-magnet P. The insulated arm d is in electrical contact with an insulated spring d which completes the circuit by the conductor 3a to a resistance R and to the coils of the shifting-1nagnet D, and then by the conductors 35 and 31 to the other electrode of the battery g Just before the shiftinglever d has completed its full stroke the arm (Z contacts also with the insulated spring d which closes the circuit in parallel through the coils of the printing-magnet Pby the condoctors 36 and 31 to the last-named electrode of the battery. The printing-magnet P, being of lower resistance than the magnet D. takes the stronger portion of the divided current to effect the printing, as previously described, while the portion through the coils of the shifting-magnet D is still sufficient, when the armature d is near the poles of the magnet D, to hold the type-wheel B in position to deliver the impression on the same line with the impression previously given by the type-wheel B. Two or three impressions can evidently be taken alternately at the same position of the type-wheels by alternately pressing and releasing two keys connected electrically to the same segment of the sunflower, the keys, respectively, causing a break oraweak current throughtheline. The alternator T cannot move until a full current sufficient to actuate the relay U at the terminal or intermediate station passes over the t line, and this cannot occur with alternate;

breaks and resistance in line; but the neutral relay X, which controls the type-wheel shifting and printing devices, will respond to breaks and to weak currents in line. The complete circuits of a system embracing a relay U, pole-changer V, alternator T, automatic escapements R and R, and unison devices S and 3, located at a terminal station, as shown in Fig. 9, and operating with equal efficiency at any intermediate station of a line with both terminals of the line to earth There is now a weak cur- .ten tmagnet Z have been fully described.

in carrying our invention into effect we do not wish to limit ourselves, however, to the employment of all of the devices and apparatus illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. The alternator T may be a mechanically or magnetically actuated pole-changer.

in Fig. ll we have shown a pole-changer with its magnet V, the local circuit of which is closed and broken by a rheotome T on the shaft r A relay U is employed, as in Fig. 9, which closes at its front contact a the circuit of a local battery q, through the coils of a de- The relay U breaks the circuit at its front contact a, when the line is broken or when the resistance is introduced by the keys of a transmitter, and the circuit through the electro-magnct Z is thereupon interrupted. The detent-lever z, solicited by its retracting-spring 5 engages a tooth of the ratchet-wheel .5 on the regularly-speeded shaft r, driven by frictional contact with a pulley r actuated by any suitable power, and the shaft r rheotome T, and polechanger V are.consequently arrested. The back contact it of the relay U closes the local circuit of the battery q through the coils of the unison magnet S, as hereinbefore described.

ln Fig. 11 one electrode of the line-battery Q is connected through the coils of the relaymagnet U to a contact-spring r of the polechanger V. The other electrode is connected to the contact c. The contacts o and r are connected to earth, and the lever v is connected with the line 7. hen the line-circuit is closed, the armature of the lever a is attracted, closing by the front contact 10 the local circuit of the battery (1 through the coils of the detent-magnet Z The armature of the detent-magnet Z is consequently attracted, thereby retaining the detent-leverz' out of contact with the ratchet-wheel .2, and the shaft r and rheotome T revolve continuously at uniform speeds. The circuit of a local battery (1 is closed and broken successively by the. rheotome T through the pole-changer magnet V, causing rapid vibrations of the lever u", and consequently rapid alternating currents from the battery Q are sent to line. Nhen a key at anytransmitter is depressed, the relay U breaks the circuit of the battery q through the detent-magnet Z and the lever z, and consequently arrests the ratchet-wheel .2 and the rheotome T. The rheotome T being arrested the vibration of the lever t' is also arrested when a current of one polarity is passing to line, and the printing is effected as previously described. In order to re-enforce the line-current after the alternating devices have been arrested by including a resistance in the line at any transmitter, as hereinbefore described, in Fig. 11 has been illustrated an auxiliary battery Q, one electrode of which is connected to the contact-lever M8 of the relay U, and through the contact a to one of the springs 'v', and the other electrode is connected directly to duced by the introducing of a resistance at any transmitter the lever u falls against its contact 11 thereby closing the circuit of the battery Q to line in parallel with the circuit of the battery Q.

The circuits illustrated in Fig. 12 are similar to those shown in Fig. 10, with this eX- ception, that the polarized relay H and the alternating currents in the line.

A detent may be employed with the rotating alternator of Fig. 13 or the vibrating polechanger of Fig. 11, and the relay U, Fig. 11, or relay U of Fig. 13 may be omitted, provided the coils of the detent-magnet Z be included in the conductor of one polarity between one of the electrodes of the line-bat-' tery and the pole-changer. In this case a back contact must be provided for the lever of the detent-z to close the circuit of a local battery (1 through the coils of the unisonmagnet S in a well-understood manner to those skilled in electrical science.

It is a wellknown fact that a relay-armature will fall from the poles of a magnet and interrupt the circuit much quicker when there is a complete break of the line-circuit through the coils'of the magnet than when a high resistance is introduced into the line. Ive take advantage of this in order to attain greater rapidity of operation by'including the coils of a relay Y, Fig. 12, in the conductor 11 between the line-contact bar 11 of the odd-numbered rows of keys N at each transmitter in the line or to earth. The conductor from the bar n leading to the resistance R, is carried to the lever y of the relay Y, and through its back contact 3 and by the conductor 13 to the resistance R and then by the conductor 14 back to line. Since the instruments operate by closed circuits and this circuit to line is always broken when any key is depressed and the brush 0 of Fig. 12 contacts with a segment 0 of the sunflower electrically c011- nected with the depressed key, there will be a break in the line of very short duration, followed by the introduction of a resistance R into the line every time a key N is depressed. During this very short interval the armature of the relay U, connected with the conductor near the electrode of the line-battery Q, will fall away and the line-current reduced by the interposed resistance R will not be of suflicient strength to cause the magnets of the relay U to overcome the retracting-spring a. By these devices we attain rapidity and absolute certainty of action in arresting the alternator T.

In Fig. 13 is shown a revolving alternator Twith a detent similar to that previously described in connection with Fig. 11. In Fig. 13 the electrodes of the line-battery Q are connected to the four interior springs of the alternator, as hereinbeforedescribed. One

outside spring connects with the line 7 and the other outside spring is connected to earth in a similar manner, as is illustrated in Fig. 9. The relay U is included in the conductor between one of the electrodes of the. battery Q and the alternator T and is consequently traversed by currents of one polarity only. hen the line current is interrupted or greatly reduced by interposi'ng a resistance at any transmitter, the relay U breaks at its front contact to the circuit of the local battery q through the detent-magnet Z and the alternator T is arrested, as hereiubefore described. Q

In order to re-enforce the current on long lines when the resistance R Fig. 14:, is thrown into line, a relay Y is inserted in the circuit of the line from the contact-barn by the conductorll to the coils of the relayY and then by the line 14E to earth or to line. WVhen a key N is depressed, the circuit to the contactbar n is broken and the circuit of a shuntline is closed by the spring 11 contact-bar 91 spring 11 and bar n through the resistance R to earth or to line. The break of circuit through the relay-magnet Y causes the lever y to contact with its back contact y, thereby closing a branch circuit 17 and 18 through the lever y and the contact y. This circuit cuts out part of the resistance R thereby increasing the current in the line and thereby insuring greater certainty of action of the neutral relay X.

\Ve are aware that a magnetic detent ha been employed at a central station to arrest a shaft controlled by power frictionally connected and carrying an alternator when the coils of the magnets controlling the detent were included in the circuit of a local battery. The circuit of this battery was closed by a sunflower device when a segment of the sunflower was connected by a conductor to a key of a transmitter by which, when the key was depressed, another break in the local cirouit was closed, causing the detent magnet to by distant transmitters operating through a sin gle-line circuit.

Having thus described the nature and objects of our invention, What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy and electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the polarity of the current in a 1 single line, transmittingand receiving instruments looped in the line, and each instrument provided with type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternating devices responding to different conditions of current, keys in any transmitter, type-Wheel shifting and impression devices, and mechanical and electrical devices respondingat each instrument to a break or weak current in the line caused by the depression of any key of saidtransmitter to effect the arrest of the type-wheels at a position to present the character as indicated by the depressed key to the impression device.

2. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a single line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at a station. operating to alternate the polarity of the current in said line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped therein and each having two type-wheels, a relay at said station in a portion of one of the conductors between one of the electrodes and the alternator, arresting devices located at said station in a local battery-circuit and controlled by said relay in consequence of the varying conditions of current effected either by the interposition of a resistance or by breaking the line by the depression of a key of a transmitter and having such relation to said keys of the transmitter that the alternating devices at said station and the type-wheels of all the instruments connected in line move in unison, and mechanical and electrical devices controlled by a double-contact neutral relay at the transmitting and receiving instruments responding to varying conditions in the line to cause a type-wheel of each instrument to assume a position to permit of an impression being effected.

3. In a printing-telegraph system, a source of electric energy at a station, a single line, a current-alternator driven by suitable power and controlled by a polar-escapement device, the electrodes connected to contact-springs of said alternator, a relay interposed between the source of electric energy and said alternator, a pole-changer with its contacts connected to said electrodes and to the contactsprings of the alternator, a magnet controlling the pole-changer included in the circuit of a local battery closed through one of the stops of said relay, transmitting and receiving instruments connected in said line-circuit, polarized relays in said line-circuit located at the instruments and controlling escapement devices and type-Wheels by a local batterycircuit, the transmitters having keys to interpose resistance in said lines, keys to break said lines when a key is depressed and operating to cause the relay at said station to break the local circuit of the pole-changer magnet, thereby reversing the direction of current in the line and simultaneously arrest ing the alternator at said station and the type- Wheels of all the instru mentsincluded in said line.

4. A sipgle-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, electricaland mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the direction of the current in line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument provided with type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternating devices responding to'different conditions of current in the line battery-circuit effected by interposing resistance through keys and by breaking the line by the depression of keys in any transmitter, an auxiliary battery at said station, and means for including the same in line for strengthening the current thereof.

5. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the polarity of the current in line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument provided with type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternating devices and responding to different conditions of current in ,said line effected byinterposing resistance through keys and by breaking the line by the depression of keys in any transmitter, an auxiliary battery at said station in connection With said source of electric energy, and a relay at said alternating station for introducing said auxiliary battery into said line for strengthening the current thereof.

t3. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating thedirection of the current in said line, an auxiliary battery connected with said alternating devices for strengthening the current in said line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped therein and each provided with type-wheels, means for arresting the alternating devices responding to different conditions of current in the line, keys for interposing resistance and breaking the line, type-Wheel-arresting devices adapted to permit of the type-wheels being simultaneously arrested at the character indicated by the depression of a key, and mechanical and electrical devices responding at each instrument to a break in the line or to a weak current in the line produced by the depression of any of said keys to cause a character on said type-Wheels to be impressed therefrom simultaneously on all instruments included in said line.

7. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, electrical and me chanical devices, a single-line circuit, alternating devices at a station for alternating the direction of currents of saidline, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped therein and provided with two type-wheels, means for arresting the alternating devices and responding to different conditions of currents in the line, resistance-keys and keys for breaking said line, arresting devices adapted to permit of the type-wheels of said instruments being simultaneously arrested at a character indicated through the depression of a key, and mechanical and electrical devices to cause a character on. said type-wheels to be impressed therefrom simultaneously on all instruments in said line.

8. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single line, electrical and mechanical devices located at an alternating station, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with two or more type-wheels looped in said line, means at said alternating station for arresting the devices located thereat and responding to different conditions of currentin theline effected by interposin g resistance therein, keys at the transmitter for breaking the line, and mechanical and electrical devices responding at each instrument to abreak in the line or a Weak current in the line to cause a character on the type-wheels to be simultaneously recorded on sheets of paper on all the instruments looped in said line.

9. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy and electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the direction of current in a single line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument provided with type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternating devices, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said line, and a relay located at any transmitting-instrument for cutting out a portion of said resistance.

. 10. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single-line circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternating station, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with two type-wheels and looped in said circuit, keysfor interposing resistance and forbreaking said line, and neutral relays included in said circuit at the transmitting and receiving instruments.

11. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternating station, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said circuits and provided With two type-wheels, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said line, and neutral and polar relaysincluded in said circuit at the transmitting and receiving instruments and controlling, respectively, the printing mechanism and type-wheels of the instruments.

12. Aprinting-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, a single-line conductor, electrical and mechanical devices, al-

ternating devices at a station for alternating the direction of the current in said line, a relay included in said line for arresting said alternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said' line, and magnetic devices in said line at the transmitting and receiving instruments for closing local batterycircuits through the printing-magnets of said instruments.

13. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single-line conductor, electrical and mechanical devices, alternating devices at a station for alternating the direction of the current in said conductor, a relay included in said circuit to cause the arrest of said alternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said circuit, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said conductor, and a magnetic device included in said line conductor at the transmitting and receiving instruments for closing local circuits in parallel through the shifting and printing magnets of said instruments.

14. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single-line circuit, electrical and mechanical devices at a station in said line for alternating the currents therein, arresting devices at said station, magnetic devices in said instruments operating by uniform alternating currents, resistances at said instruments, and keys therein operating to interpose said resistances in and to break said line.

15. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternator at a station, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said circuit and each provided With two type-Wheels operating by uniform alternating currents, keys for interposing resistance and breaking said circuit, and a relay at any transmitting-instrument for cutting out a portion of said resistance.

16. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a terminal station for alternating the direction of the current in asingle line,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, detent and unison magnets at the terminal station included in said line for arresting the alternating devices, a relay responding to different conditions of current in said line, resistances at the transmitting-instrum cuts, a relay located in said line at each transmitting-instrument for short-circuitin g a portion of the resistance, and tWo series of keys for controlling said line-circuit.

17. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternatin g station, transmitting andreceivinginstruments looped in said circuit, a detent-magnet at said alternating station, a relay respond- ITO ing to different conditions of current in said circuit, resistances at all of said instruments, and keys for controlling said line-circuit.

18. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy and line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station in said circuit for alternating the current in said line, a local battery-circuitat said station, a unison magnet included in said local circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line circuit, a relay-magnet responding to varyingconditions of current in said line, and a resistance adapted to be interposed at any transmitting-instrument by one of two series of keys in each transmitting-instrument.

19. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy and line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station in said line-circuit for alternating the direction of current in said circuit, means for arresting the alternating devices at said station, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit, a relay-magnet responding to different conditions of current in said line-circuit, a resistance at each transmitting-instrun1ent, and keys for including said resistance in and for breaking said line.

20. Aprinting-telegraph system com prising a source of electric energy, a circuit, electrical andmechanical devices, a station for alternating the direction of current in said circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments, means for arresting the devices at said station, keys for interposing resistance and breaking said circuit, a neutral relay responding to different conditions of current in said circuit at said instruments, and a relay for cutting out a portion of said resistance.

21. Aprinting-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single line, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the direction of current in said line, a relay at said station responding to breaks and changes of intensity of the current, a relay at the transmitting-instrument for producing short instantaneous breaks, followed by the introduction of resistances in said line, and a row of keys for controlling said relay and line.

22. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy and line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the current in said line-circuit, polarized escapement and unison devices at said station for said alternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit, a relay at said transmitters for causing short breaks of circuit and for introducing resistance in said circuit, and keys in said transmitters for controlling said relay and circuit.

23. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electrical energy, a single line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the current in said line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, a relay located in said line at said station, local battery-circuits controlled by said relay, arresting devices included in one of said local circuits, and keys in said transmitting-instruments for controlling said line.

A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single line, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating thecurrent in said line, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, detent and unison devices at said station for arresting the alternating devices thereat, a relay at said station responding to different conditions of current in said line, resistances at a transmitting-instrument, means for including said resistance in said line, a neutral relay and local battery, and circuits controlled by said relay.

A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single line, electrical and mechanical devices at a station for alternating the current in said line, transmitting and'receiving instruments looped in said line,detent and unison devices controlled by a relay at said station and responding to different conditions of current in said line, and two series of keys at a transmitting-instrument for controlling said line.

26. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, a single line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the direction of current in said line, a relay located in line at said station, local batteries and circuits at said station controlled by said relay, arresting devices included in one of said local circuits, alternating devices controlled by a magnet included in the other of said local circuits, and receiving and transmitting instruments looped in said line.

27. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device located at a station, a relay-magnet included in said circuit, a local battery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet and the front contact of said relay by the breaking of said line battery-circuit or by the weakening of the current through resistances interposed in said circuit to cause said relay to interrupt said local circuit through said pole changer, thereby arresting said alternator by reversing the direction of the current to line and to earth.

A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device in said circuit at a station, a relay included in said battery-circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, a local batter -circuit closed through the coils of the pole-changer magnet and through one of the contacts of said relay by the breaking of the line or by the weakening of the current through resistances included in said circuit to cause said relay to interrupt said local circuit through said pole-changer magnet to arrest said alternating device by the reversal of the direction of the current to line and to earth, and two series of keys in each transmitting-instrument for controlling said line- Y circuit.

29. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device in said circuit at a terminal station, a relaymagnet included in said battery-circuit, a local battery -circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet and front contact of said relay by the breaking of the.

line or by the weakening of the current through the interposition of resistance in said circuit to cause said relay to interrupt the local circuit through said pole-changer, thereby arresting said alternator by reversing the polarity of the current to line and to earth, a-

unison magnet included in said local batterycircuit closed through the back contact of a said relay and adapted to release the unison latch and to maintain the alternating device in a fixed position.

30. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery-circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating substantially as described, located at said station, a pole-changer and magnet, a relay included in said circuit and controlling said pole-changer, a local battery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet, transmitting and receiving instruments, detent and unison magnets included in said local battery-circuit at said station, and keys for controlling said line battery-circuit.

32. A single-line printing-telegraph system.

comprising an alternating station, a batterycircuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at saidstation, a pole-changer and magnet, a relay included in said circuit and controlling said pole-changer, a local battery closed through the coils of said pole-changerl magnet, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit, detent andl unison magnetsincluded in a local battery circuit at said station, neutral relays included in said line battery-circuit at said instruments, and keys for controlling said line-cir- .cuit.

S3. A single line printing-telegraph system comprising a battery and circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device and a relay-magnet included in said circuit, a local battery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet and the one contact of said relay, resistances to reduce the current of said line-battery through said circuit, a pole-changer to reverse the direction of current in said circuit, and a magnetic escapement device included in said line battery-circuit for arresting and releasing said alternating device. a 3%. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a current-alternating device located at a station, a line battery-circuit, a relay-magnet included in said battery-circuit, a local battery-circuit and means included therein adapted to arrest said alternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line battery-circuit, resistance devices connected with said instruments and adapted to include the same in said circuit, a magnetic escapement device for arresting the type-Wheels of said transmitting and receiving instruments, and keys for controlling the line battery-current through said instruments and said current-alternating devices.

35. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line batterycircuit, a poiechanger magnet, a rheotome, and a relay-magnet included in said battery-circuit atastation for alternating the current in said circuit, a local battery-circuit at said station closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet and said rheotome, a detent-magnet included in a local circuit at said station, re-

sistances included in said line battery-circuit to control said relay and detent magnet through said local circuit and to arrest said pole-changer, a unison electro magnet included in said local circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments included in said line battery-circuit, and keys at the transmittinginstruments to control the current of said line battery-circuit.

36. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery-circuit, a polechanger and a relay included in said batterycircuit, a rheotome and a pole-changer magnet, a local battery-circuit closed through I said magnet by said rheotome, a double-contact relay in said line battery-circuit, a detent-- magnet and a unison magnet included in a second local circuit closed through the stops of said relay, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line battery-circuit, resistances to control the current in said line battery-circuit and arrest the vibrations of said pole-changer,aud keys at said transmitting-instruments for including said resistances in or interrupting said line-circuit.

37. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line battery-circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a rheoton'le, a local batattery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer and through said rheotome, a relay-magnet in said line and adapted to close a second local battery-circuit through the front stop of said relay and a detent-magnet, annison magnet included in said local battery-cir- IIO

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