US449574A - Half to moses g - Google Patents

Description

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REPEATER.

Patented Mar. 31, 1891.

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F. W. COLE.

l REPEATER. No. 449,574. Patented Mar. 31,1891..

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I'. W. COLE. RBPEATER.

Patentd Mr. 31,1891.

No. 449,574.A

'UNITED STATES4 PATENT ENCEo FREDERICK lV. COLE, OF NE\\"l`ON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HAL'F TO MOSES Gr. CRANE, OE SAME PLACE.

REPEATER.

SPECIEICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,574, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed May l2, 1890.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. COLE, of Newton, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Repeaters, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention is embodied in a repeater for telegraphic signals of the kind which is used in connection with a number of circuits, each disconnected from the other, for the purpose of causing a message or signal that is transmitted over any one of said circuits to be automatically transmitted or repeated over all the other circuits connected with the repeating apparatus. An instrument of this kind is commonly employed in connection with lirealarm telegraphic apparatus, so that a message or alarm turned in on any circuit is simultaneously transmitted or repeated over all the other circuits, and for convenience the apparatus will be hereinafter referred to as forming part of a fire-alarm telegraphic apparatus in which the messages, signals, or alarms are originallytransmitted in one circuit by a break-wheel and actuating mechanism for it, commonly called a signa`l-box, and are repeated in the other circuits of the apparatus.

It is necessary for the proper operation of a repeating-instrument of this kind when a message is begun in one circuit, so that the repeater is thrown into operation to repeat that message over the othercircuits, that the entire apparatus should remain under control of the circuit in which the message is started until that message is completed, so that if a message or alarm should be subsequently turned in upon any other circuit before the first one is completed there will be no interference, and it is furthermore necessary that the circuit in which the alarm is first started should remain under control of the breakwheel or point external to the repeater, so that although the repeater breaks and closes all the other circuits it must retain the one circuit in which the message is started closed at the repeater-station, so that it Will be in control of the break-wheel of the signal-box or transmitting-station. These results have Serial No. 351,441. `(No model.)

usually been attained by employing a mechanical motorto break all the circuits at each break in the circuit that is receiving the message, the operation of said motor depending upon relays or electro-magnets in each of the circuits, and means have been provided by which the relay which has been first operated will retain control of the motor, while all the other relays will be immediately affected by the movement of the motor itself and have theirarmatures locked in some way so as to render them inoperative so far aslaffecting the motor is concerned as long as the motor remains under control of the circuit first operated. In the greater number of repeaters that have been heretofore devised this locking of the relay-armatures has been effected mechanically by the movement of the motor itself, and in another application, Serial No. 319,739, tiled by me August 5, 1889, I have shown and described a repeater in which the locking of the armatures is effected by other electro-magnets, which are, however, connected with and effected by the currents passing through the main circuits of the relays themselves, such apparatus depending upon the relative speed of movement of the two armatures, both of which respond to the same change in current in the circuit with which both are connected.

The present invention consists, mainly, in novel means for controlling the armatures of the relays inthe main circuits, said armatures being controlled by locking devices operated by other electro-magnets which are not, however, in the main circuits with the relays. The main relays control a motor mechanism which makes one operation at each vibration of one of the main-relay armatures and in said operation affects the circuits of all the other relays, and thereby causes the message to be repeated inA all the other circuits impulse -by impulse, corresponding to the impulses or circuit changes in the circuit originally operated, which controls the motor. The said motoralso controls a local circuit, including the governing-magnets of all the relays, said local circuit being changed at the first operation of the motorfor example, being opened and remaining so until the circuit first operated is restored to IOO its normal condition at the completion of the message. The circuit of the controlling-mag nets is changed after the relay first operated has responded tothe change in its circuit, but before the relays in the other circuits have responded to the change produced by the mo tor of the repeater, and the mechanical eonneciions between the main-relay armatures and the armatures of the governing-magnets is such that when the governing-magnets are operated first they lock the main-relay armatures in attracted position; but if the mainrela-y armatures have been retracted before the corresponding governing-magnet is demagnetized the latter will not interfere with the subsequent movements of the mainrelay arma-ture. Appliances are also provided for restoring the repeater to normal condition in case one of the main circuits is deranged or broken, so that the said instrument may operate properly with the other circuits which are in working condition.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a motor by which the signals orbreaks made in one main circuit are repeated in the other main ci reuits; Fig. 2, a side elevation of one of the main relays and its controlling-magnet 'and the cooperating parts; Fig. 3, a side elevation of another of said main relays with its controllingmagnet and cfu-operating parts as seen from the opposite side to that represented in Fig. 2; Fig. et, adetail of the contacts controlled by the main-relay armature, also showing some of the other devices that co-operate with the niain-relay armature, as will be h ereinafter described. In Figs. 1, 2, 3,and1portions of the several circuits are indicated in diagram; Fig. 5, a plan view of the motor shown in Fig. 1, Figs. (i and 7, details of portions of said motor on a larger scale, the parts heilig shown in Fig. 7 as viewed from the opposite side of the instrument to that seen in Fig. 1. Figs. 8 and flare enlarged -details of an adjustable contact constituting one member of a cireuit-closer such as operated by the instrument shown in Fig. .1; Fig. 10, a diagram representing the several circuits and clectro1nagnets and circuit-controllers therein; Fig. 11, an enlarged detail of the co-operating deviceof the main and governing magw net armatures as seen in elevation, looking toward the poles of the main-relay magnet; Fig. 12, a detail showing the said device in side elevation, Figs. 13 and 14:, sectional details showing the parts represented in Fig. 11, mainly in side elevation, as seen looking toward the right in Fig. 11, and illustrating the operation of the several parts.

The main-relay magnets a, one for cach circuit, are included in independent main circuits containingsignal-boxes oreircuit-ln'eaking devices, such as indicated in diagram at I), Figs. 1 and 10, said main circuit connecting', as shown at 2, with one terminal of the relaymagnet, the other terminal of which is connected, as shown by wire 3, with one member of a circuit-closer c, the other member of which is connected with the other terminal itof the main circuit, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 10. The members of the circuit-elosers c are connected with cross-pieces c2 c3, supported on the frame of the motor shown in Fig. 1, there being one of said circuit-closers for each of said main magnets, and the framepiece ciE being connected with a rock-shaft, which is rocked at each operation of the motor sufficiently to bring the members of all the circuit-closers in contact and then separate them, the frame-piece cS being operated by an arm c4, (see Figs. 5, G, and 7,) engaged by an eccentric-pin ci on an arbor c, provided with a detent-arm ci, (sce Fig. 1,) controlled by a detent-lever ci, that is operated by the armature of a magnet c", which controls the motor, and is controlled by the relays a, as will be hereinafter explained. The shaft c is impclled by any suitable train of wheelwork, herein called the motor, the main shaft, to which the power is primarily applied by a weight or spring, being shown at c, Fig. 1, and the said shaft c being provided with a fan or governor ci? to prevent too sudden movement of the shaft and too great shock of thc detent when it is arrested after each rotation of the said shaft ci". The detent is engaged and the motor is arrested when the eccentric c5 is in such position as to keep the circuit-closers c open, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, and in order that the main circuit 2 S ,Jf may not be normally open the said wires Si and 4c, leading to the two members of the circuit-closers c, are respectively connected by wires 5 and 6, Fig. 10, with two members of a normally-closed cireuit-closcrf, supported on the frame-work of the 1'elayinaguct, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 12. In Fig, wire 3 connects directly with f. It will thus be seen that the circuit-closer c can affect or control the main circuit only when the circuitcloser 1" is open.

The detent eT es for the motor is disengaged and the shaft cu permitted to make one rota tion at each operation of one of the relays a by the following devices, (best shown in Figs. 1, 2, and l1:) The armatnre-levcr d? of each relay is provided with a contact-spring a, which when the said armature is attracted makes contact with the stationary contact d, and the said pairs of contacts or circuitclosers a* crof the several relays are connected in series in the local circuit 7 S 9 10, including the controlling or detent-operating magnet o9 of the motor, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and L11, in which Fig. 4e represents the armature-lever of another relay than thc one represented in Fig. 2. )Vhcn all the relay-armatures are attracted or are retained in attracted position by the attraction of their magnets or otherwise, the said circuit-closers Cd a" are all closed and the circuit of the magnet c" is complete, the said magnet is energized, and the motordetent is retained engaged. It' any one of the armatures of the main relays Ct is retracted, it opens thc said local circuit, demagnetizes the IOO IIO

magnet c, and permits the shaft c to make one rotation.

The detent-arm 0S is provided with double stop-points, so as to arrest the detent-arm c7 when the said arm cs is in either position, and if it arrests the arm cTin the position assumed when the magnet c9 is demagnetized the subsequent energizing of the said magnet will move the arm cs, so that the detent c7 will escape from the first stop-pin and be arrested on the second without a movement sufficient to affect the parts operated by the shaft c, and consequently it will be understood that the said shaft c6 will be released and make a complete rotary movement at each complete to-and-fro movement of any one of the armatures of the main relays a. Thus, if the main circuit of any one of the relays a is broken and closed at deiinite intervals, as by the breakwh eel b, (see Fig. 1,) the magnet C9 will be correspondingly affected and the shaft cG will make complete rotations at each such break and closure of said main circuit, said shaft producing movements by which the circuit-closers c are closed and opened foralength of time about equal tothetimethatacircuitis closedbetween the successive breaks produced by a breakwheel b. In order that this operation of the circuit-closers c should produce the desired effect of closing and opening the main circuits, itis necessary that. the circuit-closers f of those circuits which are to be controlled by the circuit-closers c should be opened; but it will not do to have the circuit-closer f corresponding to the relay which is first operated opened, for if it were the said circuit would be oompletely opened both at c and f as soon as the motor-shaft had made one complete rotation, and consequently the break-wheel b could produce no further effect in said circuit. It is therefore necessary for the proper operation* that is, in order that the relay iirst operated should remain under controlof the breakwheel and that the other relays or circuits should remain under control of the circuitclosers c of the motor-that the circuit-closer f of the relay that lirst operated should remain closed and that the circuit-closers f of all other relays should be opened to place their circuits under control of the circuit-closers c. This result is accomplished by the governingmagnets 7o, one of which is supported on the frame-work of each relay in definite mechanical relation to the relay-magnet a and its armature, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The armature-levers of said controlling-magnets are pivoted at k2, and have extended arms-7a3, the ends of which overhang the armature-levers a2 of the relays, and are provided with pendent pieces 7a4, the lower ends of which hang at the rear of projections 705, carried by the main armature -levers, in such manner that when the main `armature-levers are retracted they swing the arms 71:4 outward a short distance, as represented in dotted lines, Fig.

14. The said pendant 7a4 is provided with a i pin orprojection k6, that. normally stands above one member of the circuit-closer f in such position that if the said pendant 7a4 is dropped by the retract-ion of the armature of the magnet 7c when said pendant is in its most forward position-that is, when the main armature-lever is attracted the said projection k6 will strike on the lower contact-spring of the circuit-closerf and separate it from the upper spring of the said circuit-closer, (see Fig. 12,) thereby opening the same, and thus leaving the corresponding main circuit in control of the circuit-closer c, which is operated by the motor. If, on the other hand, the pendant 7a4 should be swung outward to dotted-line position, Fig. 14, before it is dropped by the retraction of the armature by the corresponding governiug-magnet, the piu k6 will vnot engage the spring of the corresponding circuit-closer f, and the latter will remain closed, so that the circuit-closer c of the corresponding circuit can produce no effect thereon.

The governing-magnets 7c are all connected in series with one another in a local circuit 15 16 17, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 10,) controlled by a circuit-closer m, (see Fig. 1,) governed by the motor, as will be described, and are consequently all operated simultaneously, and their operation depends upon and follows the operation of the motor when released by the magnet c. Consequently, as the operation of the magnet e9 depends upo'n theretraction of the armature of the relay a first operated, it follows that the pendant k* for the governing-magnet corresponding to said relay will be swung back, and when the governing-magnet is demagnetized it will fall without opening the corresponding circuitcloser f, so that the corresponding main circuit will remain closed at the repeater, and will thus remain under control of the breakwheel at the external transmitting-station.

The construction of the motor is such that the circuit-closer m is opened before the circuit-closers c are opened toward the end of therotation of the shaft c, so that the pend? ants 754 will be dropped while the armatures of the other relays than the one which is responding to a signal are in their closed position, and will consequently open the circuitclosers f correspondin g to all said relays, leaving them in control of the circuit-closers c, that are operated by the motor, and thus so long as the circuit of the magnets k remains open the relay first operated will remain under control of its external transmitter, and all other circuits will remain under control of their circuit-closers o and will be closed and broken at each forward and backward movement of the armature of the iirst relay corl,responding to the passage of a tooth of its break-wheel, or, in other words, will repeat, impulse by impulse, the impulses of the mes- :sage that is being transmitted by the breakj wheel in the circuit first operated.

If the armatures of the relays that are controlled by the circuit-closers c were permitted IOO IIC

Lis

vto respond tothe circuit changes produced by said circuit-closers, they would open the circuit 7 `S 9 10 of the motor-controlling magnet c, which would thus be taken out of control of the relay that was responding to an external transmitter. In order to prevent this from happening, the relay-armatures that are under control of the motor are mechanically locked in their attracted position during the operation of the motor by the action of the controlling-magnets, the armatures of which are retracted, as before stated, before the main relay-armatures respond to a break. This locking is eiected by a lock a, (see Figs. 4, 13, and 1st,) shown as a hook pivoted at n3 on a block carried by the stationary framearm al of the relay and having its hooked end in position to engage with a projection n2 on the ar1nature-lever- The said hook is, however, weighted, so as to normally keep its hooked end resting above the projection n2, so that the latter will only be engaged if the hooked end of the lock is depressed. said hooked end is under a project-ion n" of the pendent arm 7c" of the governing-magnet in such position that if the latter isin its normal position (shown in full lines, Fig. 14) the said projection a4 will engage the hooked end of the lock upon the descent of said pendant k" when the governing-magnet is demagnetized, thus throwing the hook into engagement with the projection n2 on the main relay-armatnre and preventing the latter from being retracted if the relay is subsequently demagnetized. Thus if the governing-magnet is demagnetizedbefore the relay-armature the latter will be locked. (See dotted lines, Fig. 13.) The movement of the pendant 751 from the full to the dotted line position, Fig. 14, which takes place if the relay-armature is retracted before the governing-magnet armature, carries the projection n4 beyond the range of the end of the hook, so that in case the relay-armature is retracted irst, as takes place in the circuit in which the message is originally transmitted, the lock will not be operated. Consequently the relay-armature will be left free to respond to its signal.

The devices thus far described are all that are necessary for the proper reception of the message on one circuit and its repetition over the other circuits; but it will be seen that with the contrivances thus far described if one main line should become permanently broken or the current removed from it in some manner its relayarmature would fall back and cause a single operation of the inotor, which would release all the governingmagnets, thus causing the circuit-closers f of all the circuits other than the one in which the break occurred to be opened, and as the motor will come to rest with the circuit-closers c open all the lines will be opened and disabled, and to prevent this result from taking place, or, in other words, to restore the parts other than the broken line to working condition, other devices are used, the construction and The i operation of which will now be described, it being understood that their object is mainly to place and keep the repeater in Working condition for all other lines in case one or more of the lines is accidentallybroken or deranged.

It is firstnecessary to describe the means for operating the circuit-closer m, that controls the governing-magnets 7s, these parts being best shown in Figs. G and 7. The said circuit-closer m is normally kept closed by the pressure of an arm m2, loosely pivotcd on an arbor m of a secondary motor comprising a train o o2 o oVl 05 o, (see Figs. l and 5,) which is independent of the train that drives the detent-shaft c, which has been before described, said secondary train having an escape-Wheel 07 and vibrating pallets o8, constituting a governor to give it a time-movement. The arm m2, that operates the circuit-closer m, is, as before stated, loose on` a shaft m, and is acted upon by a spring m4, (see Fig. 7,) tending to turn it away from the circuit-closer m, so as to permit the members of said circuitcloser to spring apart and open the circuit 15 1G 17 of the governing-magnets. The arm m? is, however, normally prevented from moving under the action of its spring m by a pawl m5, having a projection m, that lies under a tripping-arm m7, connected with the rock-shaft d, that carries the cross-bar c of the main circuit-closers c. Thus at the irst operation of the main-motor-controlling magnet c and consequent rotation el the shaft cG the arm m7 is vibrated, together with the arm c* and frame c3, in such direction as to trip the pawl mi or disengage it from the teeth of a ratchet m, which is connected with the shaft m of the secondary motor. )Vhen the pawl m5 is so tripped, the spring m throws the arm m2 back out of engagement with the circuit'closer m, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6, permitting the latter to open, and thus open the circuit of the governing-magnets 7:., as before stated. The said arm m2 is connected with another arm m9, which engages the escape-wheel o7, as shown in Fig. G, and thus constitutes a detent or stop that arrests the secondary train when the arm m2 is in normal position, closing the circuit-closer in; but when the arm m2 is released by the tripping-arm m7, as just described, the arm m." disengages the escape-wheel and the secondary motor begins to run, turning the ratchet ms in the direction that would carry the arm m2 back into engagement with the circuit closer oa if said arm m2 were connected with said ratchet m8. Vhen the tripping-arm mi comes back to its normal position at the end of the rotation of the detent-shaf t of the main motor, the pawl m5 engages the ratchetms, which then begins to turn the arm m2 back toward its original position with a definite time rate of movement, and the distance that the arm mg moves from the circuit-breaker and the speed of the secondary train and the ratchet m8 in turning it back again are such that the time required to carry the arm m2 back to the cir- IIO cuit-closer is greater than any interval which occurs between successive current changesin the normal transmission of a signal in one of the main-line circuits. The trip-arm m7 is curved, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that it trips the pawl m5 in whatever position the latter may be with relation to the triparm, and consequently at every operation of the main detent-shaft the pawl is tripped and the arm m2 thrown back by its spring m4 to its position most remote from the circuitbreaker m, and when the main motor comes to rest it immediately begins to travel again toward the circuit-closer fm. By this construction it will be seen that so long as the main motor is intermittingly operated in response to a signal received on one of the main lines the arm m2 will never reach and close the circuit-closer m, and consequently the governing-magnets will remain demagnetized during the entire transmission of a signal; but if one of the main circuits should remain open for an.indelinite period of time the main motor will be arrested, the trip-arm m7 will not act on the pawl m5, and the latter will remain in engagement with the ratchet ons until the said ratchet has carried the arms u.ont mi around to normal position, closing thecircuit-closer m, and iinally arresting the secondarymotor by the engagement of mi wit-h of. 'l `h1s closlng of the circuit-closer m and circuit of the governing-magnet which thus takes place after an interval of time slightly greater than the longest intervalbetween the two successive strokes of a normal message or signal causes all the governing1nagnets to be energized and thus to raise the pendants 7a4, which act releases the armatures of the main relays by permitting the disengagement of the lock naz, and also closes their circuits at f, leaving them under control of their external transmitters. The relay that is in the deranged circuit will, however, have its armature still remain retracted, and as it was not locked in attracted position the raising of the pendant 7s" by its governing-magnet will not restore it, and consequently the local circuit 7, S, 9, and l0 of the governingmagnet cQ of the motor would remain open at a3 a, thus preventing any of the other relays from controlling the motor unless means were provided lfor closing the said local circuit. at the disabled relay. This is done by the devices best shown in Fig. 4, consisting of a switch-arm lr, pivoted on the side of the armature-lever and connected with the stationary contact d4, as shown by wire ll, Figs. 4 and 13, the said switch arm yr being the part that carries the projection 7&5, before mentioned, that throws the pendant-arm 7a4 back when the main relay is retracted before the governing-magnet armature. The said pendant 7a4 is recessed, as shown at 7640, Fig. let, forming a shoulder that drops below the projection 755 when the governing-magnet armature is retracted, and if the said governing-A Inagnet armature is attracted while the mainrelay armature remains in retracted position,

said shoulder will engage the projection rfl and will turn the switch-arm fr, bringing it up into engagement with a project-ion e30 from the local-circuit contact d3, carried by the mainrelay armature, thus connecting a3 and rand making a connection through r and 12 over the break between d3 and a4 in the local circuit at the disabled relay, thus closing the said local circuit and leaving it in condition to respond to the action of the contact-s a3 a4 of any of the relays that are in proper Working condition, as before described. The elasticity of the contact-spring a3 holds its upper end forward slightly with relation to the armature-lever, thns pressing the contact (L30 against the swit-chvarm 7 sufficiently to retain the said switch-arm in contact with it; butsaid switch-arm gravitates freely upon its pivot, and consequently if the disabled main circuit is repaired externally the main -relay armature will be attracted, and when the end of the spring-contact as comes against the stationary contact a* it will be sprung back slightly with relation to the armature-lever, which will be sufficient to relieve the pressure on the switch-arm r, which will then drop by gravity to its normal position, so that everything will be restored to its normal working condition at the repeater automatically as soon as the line is placed in working condition external to the repeater.v

The relations of circuits and mode of operation have been described fully in describing the construction of the parts; but it may be convenient. to state, briefly, the several steps in the operation, which are as follows: First, assuming that all the main lines are closed and the main and secondary motors are both stopped in normal position, the current in one main circuit-for example, that represented in Figs. l and 3will pass through the main relay d and the several break-wheels or transmitters b as follows: from the main battery by wire 2 to one terminal of the relay-magnet, thence from the other terminal of therelay-magnet by wires 3 and 5 to the circuitcloserf, thence by wire 6 to the main line 4, which extends around to the other terminal of the main battery. The said circuit is broken by the action of the break-wheel. The relay-armature falls back and breaks at CL3 a4. The local circuit 7 S 9 10 of the motorcontrolling magnet c thus permits the detent-shaft for the main motor to make one revolution, in which the tripping-arm mT operates to release the arm m2, which permits the circuit-closer m to open, demagnetizing the governing magnets t and permitting their pendants 7c* to drop. The pendant 7g4 will be in dotted-line position, Fig. 14, for the relay which has just been operated, and will produce no effect at that relay. On all the other relays it will be in full-line position, Fig. lat, and in dropping will open the circuit-closers f, and also depressing the locking devices n into engagement with the pro- IOO TIO

jcctions n2, thusl locking the relay-armatures in attracted position. (See dotted lines, FigsA l2 and 115. lVhile this has been goingon the circuit-closets c have all been closed, the timing being such that they are closed just before the circuit-lneakers f are opened, as just stated, and as the detent-shaft continues its rotation the said circuit-closers c are again opened, thus producing a break in all the circuits other than the one first operated by its break-wheel. As said break-wheel continues to operate, the relay-armature in its circuit will move to and fro and at each to-and-fro movement will let the detent-shaft and main motor make one rotation, thus closing and breaking' the circuit-closers c, and thereby repeating the closure and break of the breakwheel into the other circuits. The arm m2 will during this operation be traveling back and forth toward but never reaching the circuit-closer m until, finally, after the message of the break-wheel and the relay-armature which responds to it has come to rest, the main motor will no longer be operated, the pawl mi' will notbetripped, and the secondary motor will carry the arm m2 around, so as to close the local circuit l5 lo' 17 of the governing-magnets, which will then be attracted, permitting the circuit-closersfto close and the main armature-locks `n to disengagethe armatures, thus restoring all lines to normal working condition. If the main-relay armature which first operated had, however, come to rest in retracted position, as by an accidental rupture or disengagement of the line, the operation would be in all respects the same as before, except that at this relay the governing-magnet would be energized while the main-relay armature was retracted, and the governing -magnet armature in such operation would close the switch yr as, thus closing the local circuit of the motor-govern ingI magnet c, so that it would be ready to respond to the action of the other relays. It will be seen that the controlling arm or member m2 of the circuit-changer that controls the circuit of the governing-magnets is movable quickly in one direction-namely, to open the said cireuit-closer--and slowly in the opposite direction, so that it requires a definite time interval for said member to rcstore the circuit-changer to its normal condition. The locking device n for the main relay armatures, although at times engaged and moved by the armatures of the governingmagnets, is otherwise independent `of said governingmagnets-a construction having important advantagcsrovcr that in which the main armatures are locked by the direct action of armatures of governingmagnets or by a locking device connected directly with the armatures of governing-magnets.

It is desirable in apparatus of this kind that the contact-points of a circuit-closer such, for example, as the one c or the one ai irl-should be capable of minute adjustment with relation to one another, and in order to attain this result oneof the said contacts (the one that is stationary in the operation ol: opening and closing the circuit) is made, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, consisting of a screw C20, the point of which constitutes the anvil against which the other member, usually a spring or yielding piece, is pressed in closing the circuit. The end of said screw maybe adjusted with relation to the co-operating member of the circuit-closer by turning the said screw in its socket, in which it should have a somewhat close fit, and in order to provide Yfor such adjustment without disturbing the connection between the said contact-piece 020 and the wire or conductor of which it forms a terminal its threaded portion is engaged by a forked spring-plate C21, the prongs of which spring sufficiently to accommodate themselves between the threads of the screw The circuit-wire, as 3, is connected with the spring-plate c, which maintains an electrical connection with the screw 020 while providing for the turning of said screw to adjust its position, as before described, and it will be seen that.- the contact between the plate ci and screw c?" is not varied by any amount of longitudinal movement of the screw that can take place in adjusting it.

I claim-- l. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays, each in a separate main circuit, armatures therefor, a locking device for each armature, and a goxferning electro-magnet for each locking device with a circuitchanger for the circuit of said governing electro-magnets and a controlling member therefor movable quickly in one direction and slowlyin the other direction, substantially as described.

2. In a repeater, thecombination of t-wo or more relays, each in a separate main circuit, and armatures therefor, a motor and detent therefor controlled by the armatures of said relays, with a govern ing-magnet. for each main relay and a circuit for the governing-magnets, a circuit-changer in said circuit, and a controlling member therefor movableqnickly in one direction and slowly in the other direction, substantially as described.

In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays, ea'ch in a separate main circuit, and armatures therefor, with governingmagnets for said main relays and a circuit for said governing magnets, and circuitchanger therein, and a timed controlling member for said circuit-changer,whereby the circuit of said governing-magnetsv may be held in an abnormal condition a longer time than the longest change iu the main circuit produced in transmitting a signal, substantially as described.

t. In a repeater-,thc combination of two or more main relays, each in a. separate main eircuit, with governi11g-magnets for said relays, armatures for said relays and magnets, and a locking device for cach main-relay armature moved by but made independent of the IOC IIC

armature of said governing-magnet, substantially as described.

5. In a repeater, a main-relay magnet, its armature, and a circuit-controlling contact operated by it, combined with a governingmagnet and its armature and a switch, both members of which are connected with the main-relay armat u re and accompany its movements without relative change, and one of the two members of which is moved with relation to the other by the governing-magnet armature, substantially as described.

6. In a repeater, two or more main-relay magnets, each in a separate main circuit, a governing-magnet for each main-relay magnet, a circuit for said governing-magnets, a

circuit-controller therefor, a motor and detent therefor, and an electro-magnet for said detent, and a local circuit for said electromagnet, combined with two circuit-controllers for said local circuit, one of which is controlled by the main-relay magnet and the other by the governing-magnet, substantially as described. I

7. In a repeater,the combination of two or more main-relay magnets, each ina separate main circuit, with a governing-magnet for each mai n-relay magnet, a locking-lever operated by each governing-magnet, a circuit for said governing-magnet, and a timed circuitcontroller in said circuit to maintain it in its abnormal condition for a predetermined length of time, substantially as described.

S. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays, each in a separate main circuit, with governing-magnets for said relays, armatures for said relay-magnets, and a locking device for each main-relay armature moved by but made independent of the ar? mature of said governing-magnet, and a circuit-controller in each main circuit controlled by the varmatures of the governing-magnets, substantially as described.

9. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main-relay magnets, each in a separate main circuit, and a governing-magnet for each main-relay magnet, combined with two circuit-controllers ineach main circuit, one of which, as c, is controlled by the main -relay magnet, the other of which is controlled by the governing-magnets, substantially as described'.

10. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main-relay magnets, each in a separate main circuit, with circuit-controllers, as c, in said main circuits controlled by said main-relayinagnets, a governing-magnet for each main-relay magnet, and circuit-controllers, as f, in each main circuit controlled, respectively, b y theco-operation ot' the corresponding main-relay and governing magnet, substantially as described.

l1. A telegraphic repeater apparatus comprising two or more main-relay magnets in main circuits disconnected from one another, a local circuit governed by the armatures of Said relay-magnets, and a detent and controlling-magnet therefor in said local circuit, combined with a motor governed by said detents and circuit-closers, one for each main circuit, operated by said motor at each movement permitted by the detent-controlling magnet, a number of governing-magnets, one to each main relay, and a circuit for said governingmagnets controlled by said motor, substantially as described.

l2. The Combination of a main-rela)1 magnet and armature with a governing-magnet and arn'lature included in a separate circuit from said main-relay, and a movablelock for said main-relay armature disconnected from but adapted to be engaged and operated bya movable engaging part connected with said governing magnet armature, whereby the said main-relay armature islockedin normal position if the circuit of the governing-magnet is changed fromnormal condition before that ot the corresponding main relay is `s0 changed, said engaging part of the governingmagnet armature being in position to be acted upon by the main-relay armature, so as not to operate the lool; if the main-relay armature is changed from normal position before the governing-magnet armature is so changed, substantially as described.

13. The main-line circuit and two independently-operating circuit-controllers, as f and c, each having one member connected with one terminal of said main circuit and its other member connected with the other terminal of said main circuit, and the main-relay magnet included in said circuit, combined with a governing-magnet and armature provided with a movable engaging device co-operating with one only of said circuit-controllers, the said engaging device being operated by the main-relay armature to shift it from the position to act upon said circuit-controller, substantially as described.

lt. The main-relay magnet and arm-ature and circuit-controlling contact operated by the latter constituting one member of a circuit-controller, combined with a governingmagnet and armature, andan independentlyoperating switch adapted to afford electrical connection between the members of said circuit-controller when not in contact with one another, and a switch-actuator operatively connected with the said governing-magnet armature, whereby said switch may be operated to close the circuit controlled by the main-relay armature independently of the latter, substantially as described.

15. The combination of two or more main relays in main circuits disconnected from one another, a motor and detent therefor controlled by the armature of said relays, a number of governing-magnets, one to each relay, and circuit therefor, and a circuit-closer in said circuit and motor for operating the same governed by the detent mechanism of the iirst-mentioned motor, substantially as described.

16. The combination of the main-relay mag- IOO IIO

neta'ndarmaturewithagoverning-magnetand armatn re therefor, a pendant connected with said governilig-magnetarmature,butbeingindependently movable thereon and adapted to be engaged by the main-relay armature, and a lock for said main-relay armature engaged by said pendant when the governing-magnet armature is moved while the main-relay armature remains in normal position, substantially as described.

17. The combination of the main-relay mag'- net and armature with a governing-magnet and armature therefor, a pendant connected with said governing-magnet armature en gaged by the main-relay armature, and acirenit-closer in the main-relay circuit engaged by the said pendant when the governing magnet armature is moved While the mainrelay armature is in normal position, but not otherwise7 substantially as described.

18. The combination of. the main-relay magnet and armature with a governing-magnet and armature therefor, a pendant connected with said governing-magnet armature eni gaged by the inalnaelay armature, and a switch engaged by said pendant when the governing-magnet armature is moved while the main-relay armature is inahnormal position, substantially as described.

19. The combination of the con tact-carrier, as eg, with an actuating-motor and detent therefor, and an eccentric rotated by said motor when its detent is released, and connections between said eccentric and contactcarrier, whereby the latter is vibrated at each movement of the motor, substantially as described.

20. The combination of a contact-screw, as C20, forming' one member of a circuit-closer, with a forked spring-plate, the prongs of which engage with said screw in the threads thereof, thereby maintaining electrical contact with said screw while permitting the saine to be adj usted longitudinally, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK XV. COLE.

iVtncsses:

Jos. P. LIVERMORE, Lis. J. MALONEY.

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