US448968A - Artificial building-stone - Google Patents

Description

106. COMPOSITIONS,

comma 0a Pusnc 'cnuss REFERENCE 9s i E. H. LEWIS. ARTIFICIAL BUILDING STONE.

' Patented Mar. 24, 1 891.

(N q Mode 1.)

LAGHIII UNITED STATES EUGENE ll. LEWIS, OF

PATENT -OFFICE.

ST. JOSEPH, MICHIGAN.

' ARTIFICIAL BUILDING-STONE.

srnczmca'nou forming part of Letters Patent No. 44e,eee, dated March 24,1091.

Application filed April 7,1290. Serial No. 346,804. ca model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE ll. LEWIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Joseph, in the county of Berrien and State I of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements -in Artificial Building- ]llocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothors skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an artificial brick; and the'object of the invention is-to produce a substantial durable, and attractive build in g-block which'canbe'cheaply manufactured and which closely resembles sandstone or brownstone, and is .jelladapted for all of the uses to which natural blocks of sandstone and brownstone are used.

With these and other ends in view my invention' consists of an artificial building-block molded and pressed and composed of the following ingredients, to wit: cement, sand, and a solution composed of alum, lime, sulphate of iron, biehrolnate of potash, carbon'ateef magnesia, and sugar-or similar saccharine substance in the proportions hereinafter specified.

To enable others to more readily understand my invention, I have illustrated a building-block embodying the same in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a perspective view of my improved building block or brick having a smooth surface and chamfered edges. Fig. II is a front elevation of a building-block, showing the same with roughened skin snrface. Fig. III is a side elevation of a build-' in g-block to more clearly show thcchamferred edges thereof. Fig.IV is a topplan view. showing the tuck-joint, and Fig. is a front view of a number of bricks as they appear when assembled in a walL.

Referring to the drawings, 1' designates a building block or brick made in imitation of natural stone, having its edges chamfercd or beveled as at 2 and rovided with asmJotha P pressed ski n" surface. liy providing a building-block with the chamfered or beveled edge I am enabled to point up the bricks after they have been assembled and laid in a wall, and

yond the tuck point or joint 3, thus protecting the same from the deleterious action of water, moisture, and other destructive agents which tend to deface and demolish the un protected tuck-point in general use.

In Fig. II, I have shown a brick having its face 4 molded in imitatiop of what is known as splitstone,andhavingitsothersidessmooth. In this form of brick I do not chamfer the edges of .the face, but leave a narrow smooth surface extending around the edges of .the rocky or split surface. A neat finish is thus we a Y still allow the face of the brick to pro ect beprovided for the brick and an even and un- 6 broken tuck-joint is secured, and'when the joint is pointed up it forms an"'att'ractive border around the imitation split stone. Although the brick is molded in imitation of the roughened or rocky face of a split brick, 7o

still the whole brick is made with a skin Sill, face, which renders it practically impervious to the action of water and moisture.

'I will now proceed to describe mycomposh tion for an artificial brick or building-block.

This composition is as follows: cement, sand, a mixture or solution of water,lime, sulphate of iron, bichromatc of potash, carbonate of magnesia, sugar or its equivalent, and water.

In preparing the composition from which do the brick are made I first dissolve the follow-- ing substances in ten gallons of water, to wit:

two pounds of alum, one pound of gnlcklime, and three pounds of sulphate of iron. on

dissolve in separate vesse s onepound of bichromatc of potash and one-half pounm carbonatd'rtw nesia in one gallon of water.

W hen each of these two solutions have come thoroughly dissolved, I mix said 5011b tions togethernnd allow the mixture to stand for about twenty-four hours, stirring thes'alne occasionally. After this mixture has stood the requisite length of time I add to the same two and one-half pounds of raw su ar or equivalent saccharine matter and foriy-iive gallons of water. or lose ingredients have been tlmli'ghly dissolved the mixtn re is ready for use.

In making the brick or building-block I use one part of Portland or othcr'suitable 'roo' cement to four par s o sand whichare mixed in a trystate, and aficrihcso ingredients to by any of the ordinary brick-molds or presshave been mingled I dampen or moisten the same sufliciently'witli the solution heretofore described to make the compound plastic, so that it can be molded easily and etficiently.

By u ingthe mixture herein described I obtain a cheap, durable, and substantial brick which closely resembles'natural sandstone or brownstone. It is obvious that the brick can be molded mate of potash, and carbonate of magnesia, substantially as described.

2. Theherein-described composition of matter for an artificial building block or brick, consisting of cement, sand, a solution of water, alum, lime, and sulphateof iron, another solution of water, bichromate of potash, and carbonate 6f magnesia, sugar or equivalent saccharine matter, and water, substantially in the proportions specified, for the purpose set forth. y

In testimony whereof Iaffix mysignat'ure in presence of WT) witnesses.

EUGENE H. LEWIS.

machines, and that itis given a smooth skin surface in imitation of split stone,as described. ,Having thus fully described my invention,

Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described composition of matter for building-blocks, consisting of sand, cement, alum, lime, sulphate of iron, bichro- Witnessesr V I C. O. PABMELEY, FREDERICK Roor

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