US4417228A - Gas component detector - Google Patents

Gas component detector Download PDF

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Publication number
US4417228A
US4417228A US06/375,602 US37560282A US4417228A US 4417228 A US4417228 A US 4417228A US 37560282 A US37560282 A US 37560282A US 4417228 A US4417228 A US 4417228A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas component
ceramic
ceramic tube
detecting element
heater
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/375,602
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English (en)
Inventor
Akio Takami
Tsutomu Saito
Toshifumi Sekiya
Kazutoshi Tanaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Niterra Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd filed Critical NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Assigned to NGK SPARK PLUG CO., LTD. reassignment NGK SPARK PLUG CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SAITO, TSUTOMU, SEKIYA, TOSHIFUMI, TAKAMI, AKIO, TANAKA, KAZUTOSHI
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gas component detector made of metal oxide. It is used, for instance, in controlling the components of gas exhausted from an internal combustion engine to within predetermined values in order to render the gas harmless. More particularly, this invention relates to a gas component detector in which the assembly structure of a resistance variation type gas detector and a cylindrical ceramic heater is improved. Also, the labor, time and cost required for assembling and manufacturing the device are reduced, and deterioration of the dynamic response of assembled parts is prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the aforementioned resistance variation type gas detector disclosed, by way of example, in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 105933/1980.
  • a gas component detecting element 1 made of sintered metal oxide, a pair of electrodes 2 for transmitting an electrical resistance indicated by the gas component detecting element 1, and a ceramic tube 3 which insulates the pair of electrodes and holds the detecting element are formed into one unit with heat-resisting cement 6.
  • the unit is inserted into a sintered cylindrical ceramic heater 4 which is separately manufactured.
  • the space between the ceramic tube 3 and the ceramic heater 4 is filled with heat-resisting cement 6, so that the former is bonded to the latter.
  • the resultant assembly is then dried.
  • the assembly includes a heat-generating wire 5 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the assembly is protected from damage by a metal portion 7 and a protector sheath 8 having gas discharging holes 9, in use.
  • reference numeral 10 designates a holding metal sleeve.
  • the cylindrical ceramic heater is manufactured in addition to the ceramic tube. While manufacture of the cylindrical ceramic heater is not costly per se, the heater is strained during the sintering process. Therefore, when the ceramic tube is inserted into the cylindrical ceramic heater, the gap between the tube and the heater is not uniform. Accordingly, considerable time and labor are needed to fill the gap with heat-resisting cement, and it is difficult to completely fill the gap therewith therefore many voids are remained at the refractory cement. Thus, the resulting heater assembly has a high thermal resistance between the sensor element and the ceramic heater, then the effective heating of the sensor element cannot be realized. Furtheremore, since gas exhausted from an internal combustion engine is left in the void, the response of the detecting element deteriorates.
  • the ceramic tube has a cylindrical ceramic heater which is formed according to a method in which a piece of green ceramic sheet on which a print pattern is formed with metal paste for forming a heat generator is wound on and bonded to the outer wall of the ceramic tube prior to sintering process. It is then sintered to be integral with the ceramic tube.
  • the cost required for manufacturing its parts and the cost required for assembly is reduced to two-thirds of that of the conventional gas component detector in which the ceramic tube is bonded to the ceramic heater with heat-resisting cement.
  • the resultant assembly is smaller in size, and therefore it can be installed even in the equipment in which only small spaces are available. Since the ceramic tube is co-fired with the ceramic heater so that there is no gap therebetween, the exhausted gas is nearly completely absent therein, and accordingly, the response of the component detecting element is excellent.
  • a portion of the gas component detecting element is exposed outside from one end face of the cylindrical ceramic heater in which a wiring pattern is buried. Therefore, the gas component detecting element can sufficiently contact exhausted gas, and the response thereof is improved as much. Furthermore, a difficulty exists in the prior art where, during the bonding work with heat-resisting cement, the cement is stuck to the surface of the detecting element to degrade the function of the detecting element. This problem is eliminated according to the invention.
  • a recess is formed in one end face of the ceramic tube integral with the ceramic heater, and a part of the gas component detecting element is secured to the recess with heat-resisting cement.
  • the detector thus formed is substantially equal in response to those which are formed according to the above-described methods, and is protected from damage when handled.
  • the above-described gas component detecting element and a temperature compensating thermistor can be readily juxtaposed.
  • the detector thus formed has improved functionality.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional gas component detector
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of this invention in which an outer metal shell is removed;
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are a longitudinal sectional view and a bottom view respectively showing a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are elongitudinal sectional view and a bottom view respectively showing a modification of the second embodiment of this invention where the gas component, detecting element and the temperature compensating thermistor are juxtaposed.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a gas component detector from which a holding outer metal shell has been removed.
  • reference numeral 11 designates a gas component detecting element.
  • a pair of electrodes 12 for transmitting an electrical resistance which is detected by the detecting element 11, and a ceramic tube 13 which is made burried with a cylindrical ceramic heater 15 with through-holes into which the pair of electrodes are inserted are fixed with heat-resisting cement 16.
  • a method of manufacturing the ceramic tube integral with the ceramic heater of this embodiment will now be described.
  • a mixture is prepared by mixing ceramic powder with a molding assistant.
  • a ceramic tube 5.0 mm in outside diameter having through-holes is formed by extruding the mixture.
  • the ceramic tube is cut to a 50 mm length after being dried.
  • a piece of wet ceramic sheet 0.5 mm in thickness is cut to a size of 16 ⁇ 45 mm 2 .
  • a metallized heat-generating conductor is printed on a surface of the ceramic sheet with tungsten powder paste.
  • a bonding agent is applied to the surface of the ceramic sheet if it is necessary.
  • the ceramic sheet thus treated is wound on the ceramic tube with the printed surface inside, so that the ceramic sheet is fixedly bonded to the ceramic tube. Then, lead terminal connecting parts are printed at the ends of the heat-generating conductor.
  • the ceramic tube wrapped with the ceramic sheet is sintered at 1500° C. in a non-oxidation atmosphere.
  • the ceramic tube integral with the heater has been obtained.
  • the lead terminal connecting parts are plated with nickel. Lead wires are brazed to the lead terminal connecting parts thus treated.
  • the ceramic tube with the ceramic heater, which has been manufactured as described above, will be referred to as "assembly I".
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A are sectional views of assemblies I and II coupled to the gas component detecting elements (not covered by the outer metal shells), respectively.
  • FIG. 3B is a top view of the assembly II with the gas component detecting element.
  • reference numeral 21 designates the gas component detecting element and element 22 defines electrodes fixed with heat-resisting cement 26 which fixes the lower part of the detecting element.
  • Element 23 is the ceramic tube with the ceramic heater, and element 25, the heater.
  • FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view of this embodiment in which the gas detecting component element and the temperature compensating thermistor are juxtaposed.
  • FIG. 4B is an end view of FIG. 4A.
  • reference numeral 33 designates a ceramic tube having four through-holes with a ceramic heater 35.
  • Element 31 designates the gas component detecting element
  • 32 designates a pair of electrodes thereof which are fixed in the holes with a temperature-resisting cement 36
  • 41 designates a temperature compensating theremistor element with a pair of electrodes 42 fixed in the holes by a heat-resisting cement.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
US06/375,602 1981-05-08 1982-05-06 Gas component detector Expired - Fee Related US4417228A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1981067178U JPS57179152U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-05-08 1981-05-08
JP56-67178[U] 1981-05-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4417228A true US4417228A (en) 1983-11-22

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Family Applications (1)

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US06/375,602 Expired - Fee Related US4417228A (en) 1981-05-08 1982-05-06 Gas component detector

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US (1) US4417228A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS57179152U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4536241A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-08-20 Ford Motor Company Method of making a titanium dioxide oxygen sensor element with fast transient response
US4583070A (en) * 1983-08-31 1986-04-15 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Silane gas sensor and a method of making the same
US5039972A (en) * 1989-05-15 1991-08-13 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Oxygen sensor
US5209275A (en) * 1987-07-09 1993-05-11 Junkosha Co., Ltd. Liquid dispensing apparatus and method by sensing the type of liquid vapors in the receiver
US5378297A (en) * 1993-01-11 1995-01-03 Boam R&D Co., Ltd. Ferrite chip bead and method for making same
CN108552592A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-09-21 重庆中烟工业有限责任公司 一种陶瓷管低温烘烤烟具

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3901067A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-08-26 Gen Monitors Semiconductor gas detector and method therefor
US3933028A (en) * 1974-04-23 1976-01-20 Ford Motor Company Air/fuel ratio sensor for air/fuel ratios in excess of stoichiometry
US4007435A (en) * 1973-07-30 1977-02-08 Tien Tseng Ying Sensor device and method of manufacturing same
US4013943A (en) * 1974-09-13 1977-03-22 Jack Chou Solid state electrolytic cell gas sensor head

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5848853B2 (ja) * 1976-07-21 1983-10-31 日本特殊陶業株式会社 排ガス組成検出器
JPS55147342A (en) * 1979-05-04 1980-11-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Detecting element

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3901067A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-08-26 Gen Monitors Semiconductor gas detector and method therefor
US4007435A (en) * 1973-07-30 1977-02-08 Tien Tseng Ying Sensor device and method of manufacturing same
US3933028A (en) * 1974-04-23 1976-01-20 Ford Motor Company Air/fuel ratio sensor for air/fuel ratios in excess of stoichiometry
US4013943A (en) * 1974-09-13 1977-03-22 Jack Chou Solid state electrolytic cell gas sensor head

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4583070A (en) * 1983-08-31 1986-04-15 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Silane gas sensor and a method of making the same
US4536241A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-08-20 Ford Motor Company Method of making a titanium dioxide oxygen sensor element with fast transient response
US5209275A (en) * 1987-07-09 1993-05-11 Junkosha Co., Ltd. Liquid dispensing apparatus and method by sensing the type of liquid vapors in the receiver
US5039972A (en) * 1989-05-15 1991-08-13 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Oxygen sensor
US5378297A (en) * 1993-01-11 1995-01-03 Boam R&D Co., Ltd. Ferrite chip bead and method for making same
CN108552592A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-09-21 重庆中烟工业有限责任公司 一种陶瓷管低温烘烤烟具

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Publication number Publication date
JPS57179152U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-11-13

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