US438577A - Gk enqel - Google Patents

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US438577A
US438577A US438577DA US438577A US 438577 A US438577 A US 438577A US 438577D A US438577D A US 438577DA US 438577 A US438577 A US 438577A
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drying
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls

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  • My invention relates to apparatus for drying the char or bone black which has been used for the iiltration of the sugar-liquor in a sugar-refinery or other like wet materia1,and has for its object to produce a simple effective apparatus for the purpose.
  • Figure l is a side elevation of the drier, partly in longitudinal section, in line .fr of Fig. 2, the gaslues and dei'lecting-plates bein g removed with the exception of a few at each end thereof.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical section in line y y of Fig. l through two of the gas-nues;
  • Fig. 3 asimilar section in line a' zof Fig. l through one of the drying-spaces between the gas-fines;
  • Fig54 a detached view in perspective of one of the deiiectors; Fig. 5, across-section in line c fu of Fig. 4, and Figs. 6 and 7 similar sections illustrating modifications therein.
  • the entire apparatus is supported by and upon a metallic frame-work, which consists ofthe pillars A A at the four corners 'and the intervening ianged connecting-beams B B B B at top and bottom thereof.
  • the upper beams B B serve to uphold a hopper C, constructed of plates which are arranged to converge centrally from the sides and ends of the frame, leaving a central opening in the bottom of the hopper extending nearly the length thereof.
  • An inverted-U-shaped nue D is fitted to extend longitudinally centrally within the opening in the bottom of the hopper and to forma longitudinal partition therein.
  • This partition-flue D is supported independently of' the hopper upon the end plates of the apparatus and terminates at one end in a lianged pipe D to communicate with a dischargeflue, its opposite end being closed by a blank ange or other form of cover, which will permit it to be opened for cleaning purposes.
  • Two longitudinal distributing-dues E E are provided immediately beneath the hopper C and at a suitable distance below it to extend the length of the frame, said flues being inclosed in a casing which is triangular in cross-section, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) and whose peak is central under the upperiiue D.
  • the iue's E E are separated within the casing by a central longitudinal partition-plate Y.
  • the one flue E connects at one end and the other flue E at the opposite end of the frame with conducting-pipes E2, through which hot air and the products of combustion from any suitable furnace are supplied thereto.
  • the inclined top plates a a of the distributing-iiues E E are transversely slotted at regular intervals, and an independent hotair or gas iiue F, preferably made of a single casting, is fitted vertically overA each slot.
  • the lower open end of each hot-air or gas iiue F is beveled to adapt it to the inclination of the plate a upon which it rests, and so much b of its upper end as extends under the opening in the hopper is closed, the remainder c of said upper end being adapted to connect with a corresponding transverse slot in the bottom of the flue D.
  • An open central circulating space or chamber G is left between the two sets of fines E ⁇ and E', mounted upon the inclined plates a ⁇ and a', and the upper open ends c c of the ues are made to incline inward so as to meet above this space under the flue D, as shown in Fig. 2, and afford it support.
  • detachable vertical hot-air or gas iues F F are secured by means of lateral iiangesd el, which are formed on either side of each of.
  • the lower end of the iiue maybe slipped forward far enough to loosen and detach its upper end from its connection with the upper flue D and allow it to be readily removed from the frame independently of theremaining vertical iiues.
  • Each vertical flue F is formed u ith a uniform series of lugs z' t' upon its outer lateral faces to serve as supports for a series of deiiectors J J, adapted to be placed thereon.
  • These deiiectors are preferably V-shaped in cross-section, as shown in Figs. l, 4, and 5, or arched in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 6, and are made of a length equal to the width of the vertical tlues F F, and they may also be formed with a flat base, as shown in Fig. '7.
  • the ends of each detlector are constructed of plates f f, cast in one therewith and inclined inward toward the divergent edges of the body thereof.
  • end plates are of a width equal to the distance between the vertical gas-nues F F, so as to admit of resting for support upon the lugs z' i'.
  • the extreme distance between the two lower edges of each deector is less than the Width of its end plates f f, so that when the detlectors are inserted between the gas-lines F F to rest one above the other with their end plates upon the lugs fi e' and their peaks upward an opening is left for the descent of the char between each of said lower edges and the face of the proximate gas-flue.
  • the deflectors are thus fitted in position in the drying-spaces between the gas-fines, the inward inclination of their end plates f f permits a free circulation of the outer air under the lower edges of said end plates into the spaces through which the char descends, as well as over the upper surfaces of the deflecting-plates and out into the central circulating-chamber G, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3,while the longitudinal angular space under each deilector forms also a direct passage from the outer air into said central chamber.
  • the two ends of the drier are closed by casing-plates L L, terminal spaces N N being left between said casing-plates and the end gas-fines on each side, these terminal spaces being closed laterally by side plates M M.
  • the terminal space thus formed at that end of the drier which is under the closed end of the upper horizon tal gas-flue D is fitted with a discharge-opening N2, as shown in Fig. l and by dotted lines in Fig. 3, and communication is established by means thereof betoward the face of said lugs@l i, as illustrated in Fig. l. h
  • Lateral gate-plates S S are secured her1- zontally against the outer faces of the gasflues F F ⁇ just above the lower ends thereof,4
  • the products ot combustion or hot air and gases from a suitable furnace are admitted through the pipes E2 E2 to the horizontal distributing-fines E E', from which they pass upward through the narrow vertical gas-flues F F to the upper horizontal iue D, by which they are discharged from the apparatus.
  • thek vertical gasfines and the intervening spaces in which are iitted the detlectors J J become highly heated.
  • the wet char or bone black taken from the sugar-reinng vessels is placed in the hopper C and, dropping through the openings in the bottom thereof on either side of the flue D, fall upon the upper deflectors J J in each drying-space and, passing down the inclined faces of the deilectors, drop from the one to the other through the openings left between the lower edge of each face and the face of the approximate gas-fine.
  • the bone-black is thus carried by its gravity in a thin sheet or layer in close proximity to or contact with the hot outer radiatingsurfaces of the gas-fines and slides from one deiiector to another over openings, through which currents of air admitted from without the apparatus and passing under the end plates f f of the deiiectors are constantly passing, said currents being drawn through and under the detlectors from their outer ends intoA the central space or chamber G between the inner ends of the gas-fines F F, and from thence to the terminal circulating-space N at one end of the apparatus and out through its discharge-pipe at N2.
  • the wet bone-black is thus subjected first to the lowest temperature in the apparatus, and is gradually carried to the lower hottest portion thereof,whence, sliding down the inclined plates ot a', it is dis charged, fully dried, out under the gate-plates S S on each side into the receptacle arranged below the outer edges of said inclined plates a a to receive it.
  • a char-drier the combination, with the vertical gas-lines having char-drying spaces between them and inclosing a central circulating-chamber communicating with an outer discharge or exhaust pipe, the supportingplates for said iiues, the upper discharge-flue communicating therewith, and a hopper communicating with the drying-spaces, of deflecting-plates arranged in said drying-spaces with intervening air-channels communicating with the central circulating-chamber, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1. G. ENGEL. APPARATUS FOB. DEYING BONE BLACK.
Patented ont. 14, 1890.
any
(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.
G, ENGEL. APPARATUS FOR DRYIN-G BONE BLACK. NOA. 488,577. Patented 001;. 14, 1.890.
n I ik :l1 'l nl. l
'M'' x01 -Q www UNITED STATES GODFREY ENGEL,
PATENT EETCE.
OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THEODORE H. KRAFT, OF SAME PLACE.
4APPARATUS FOR DRYING BONE-BLACK.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,577, dated October 14, 1890.
Application filed May 19, 1890. Serial No. 352,328. (No model.)
T0 @ZZ whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, GODFREY ENGEL, of the city of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Bone- Black in Sugar-Reineries; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accom panyin g drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.
My invention relates to apparatus for drying the char or bone black which has been used for the iiltration of the sugar-liquor in a sugar-refinery or other like wet materia1,and has for its object to produce a simple effective apparatus for the purpose.
It consists in the combination and arrangement of the several mechanical devices which are embodied in the construction of my improved drier, as hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of the drier, partly in longitudinal section, in line .fr of Fig. 2, the gaslues and dei'lecting-plates bein g removed with the exception of a few at each end thereof. Fig. 2 is a vertical section in line y y of Fig. l through two of the gas-nues; Fig. 3, asimilar section in line a' zof Fig. l through one of the drying-spaces between the gas-fines;
Fig54, a detached view in perspective of one of the deiiectors; Fig. 5, across-section in line c fu of Fig. 4, and Figs. 6 and 7 similar sections illustrating modifications therein.
Similar letters indicate like parts in the several figures.
The entire apparatus is supported by and upon a metallic frame-work, which consists ofthe pillars A A at the four corners 'and the intervening ianged connecting-beams B B B B at top and bottom thereof. The upper beams B B serve to uphold a hopper C, constructed of plates which are arranged to converge centrally from the sides and ends of the frame, leaving a central opening in the bottom of the hopper extending nearly the length thereof.
An inverted-U-shaped nue D is fitted to extend longitudinally centrally within the opening in the bottom of the hopper and to forma longitudinal partition therein. This partition-flue D is supported independently of' the hopper upon the end plates of the apparatus and terminates at one end in a lianged pipe D to communicate with a dischargeflue, its opposite end being closed by a blank ange or other form of cover, which will permit it to be opened for cleaning purposes.
Two longitudinal distributing-dues E E are provided immediately beneath the hopper C and at a suitable distance below it to extend the length of the frame, said flues being inclosed in a casing which is triangular in cross-section, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) and whose peak is central under the upperiiue D. The iue's E E are separated within the casing by a central longitudinal partition-plate Y. The one flue E connects at one end and the other flue E at the opposite end of the frame with conducting-pipes E2, through which hot air and the products of combustion from any suitable furnace are supplied thereto.
The inclined top plates a a of the distributing-iiues E E are transversely slotted at regular intervals, and an independent hotair or gas iiue F, preferably made of a single casting, is fitted vertically overA each slot. The lower open end of each hot-air or gas iiue F is beveled to adapt it to the inclination of the plate a upon which it rests, and so much b of its upper end as extends under the opening in the hopper is closed, the remainder c of said upper end being adapted to connect with a corresponding transverse slot in the bottom of the flue D.
An open central circulating space or chamber G is left between the two sets of fines E `and E', mounted upon the inclined plates a `and a', and the upper open ends c c of the ues are made to incline inward so as to meet above this space under the flue D, as shown in Fig. 2, and afford it support.
The detachable vertical hot-air or gas iues F F are secured by means of lateral iiangesd el, which are formed on either side of each of.
the slots in the plates a cb', upon which said iues rest, so as to severally embrace the lower ends of the fines placed over the slot-s, each in connection with a transverse ange e, intersecting the outer ends of said lateral flanges d d along the edge of the plate a or a. The outer ends ot the lateral iianges d (Z are extended out far enough beyond the foot of each Hue F when the lueis in its verticalpostion to leave a recess between it and the transverse flange e, and a loose block Il is fitted in said recess to lock the tluein its vertical position, as shown in Figs. l and 2. By the removal of t-he block H from the foot of any one of the vertical gas-fines F the lower end of the iiue maybe slipped forward far enough to loosen and detach its upper end from its connection with the upper flue D and allow it to be readily removed from the frame independently of theremaining vertical iiues.
Each vertical flue F is formed u ith a uniform series of lugs z' t' upon its outer lateral faces to serve as supports for a series of deiiectors J J, adapted to be placed thereon. These deiiectors are preferably V-shaped in cross-section, as shown in Figs. l, 4, and 5, or arched in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 6, and are made of a length equal to the width of the vertical tlues F F, and they may also be formed with a flat base, as shown in Fig. '7. The ends of each detlector are constructed of plates f f, cast in one therewith and inclined inward toward the divergent edges of the body thereof. These end plates are of a width equal to the distance between the vertical gas-nues F F, so as to admit of resting for support upon the lugs z' i'. The extreme distance between the two lower edges of each deector is less than the Width of its end plates f f, so that when the detlectors are inserted between the gas-lines F F to rest one above the other with their end plates upon the lugs fi e' and their peaks upward an opening is left for the descent of the char between each of said lower edges and the face of the proximate gas-flue. XVhen the deflectors are thus fitted in position in the drying-spaces between the gas-fines, the inward inclination of their end plates f f permits a free circulation of the outer air under the lower edges of said end plates into the spaces through which the char descends, as well as over the upper surfaces of the deflecting-plates and out into the central circulating-chamber G, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3,while the longitudinal angular space under each deilector forms also a direct passage from the outer air into said central chamber.
The two ends of the drier are closed by casing-plates L L, terminal spaces N N being left between said casing-plates and the end gas-fines on each side, these terminal spaces being closed laterally by side plates M M. The terminal space thus formed at that end of the drier which is under the closed end of the upper horizon tal gas-flue D is fitted with a discharge-opening N2, as shown in Fig. l and by dotted lines in Fig. 3, and communication is established by means thereof betoward the face of said lugs@l i, as illustrated in Fig. l. h Lateral gate-plates S S are secured her1- zontally against the outer faces of the gasflues F F` just above the lower ends thereof,4
to inclose at said lower end the drying-spaces between the iues in which the deflectors are fitted. These gate-plates are supported by bolts t t, (see Fig. 1,) passing through vert-ical slots therein, and which are screwed into the gas-fines, the slots permitting of a vertical adj ustment of the lower edge ofthe gate to and from the inclined plates a or a, so as to leave more or less of an opening under the gate for the discharge of the dry bone-black from the driers'.
In the operation of the drier the products ot combustion or hot air and gases from a suitable furnace are admitted through the pipes E2 E2 to the horizontal distributing-fines E E', from which they pass upward through the narrow vertical gas-flues F F to the upper horizontal iue D, by which they are discharged from the apparatus. By this means thek vertical gasfines and the intervening spaces in which are iitted the detlectors J J become highly heated. The wet char or bone black taken from the sugar-reinng vessels is placed in the hopper C and, dropping through the openings in the bottom thereof on either side of the flue D, fall upon the upper deflectors J J in each drying-space and, passing down the inclined faces of the deilectors, drop from the one to the other through the openings left between the lower edge of each face and the face of the approximate gas-fine. The bone-black is thus carried by its gravity in a thin sheet or layer in close proximity to or contact with the hot outer radiatingsurfaces of the gas-fines and slides from one deiiector to another over openings, through which currents of air admitted from without the apparatus and passing under the end plates f f of the deiiectors are constantly passing, said currents being drawn through and under the detlectors from their outer ends intoA the central space or chamber G between the inner ends of the gas-fines F F, and from thence to the terminal circulating-space N at one end of the apparatus and out through its discharge-pipe at N2. The wet bone-black is thus subjected first to the lowest temperature in the apparatus, and is gradually carried to the lower hottest portion thereof,whence, sliding down the inclined plates ot a', it is dis charged, fully dried, out under the gate-plates S S on each side into the receptacle arranged below the outer edges of said inclined plates a a to receive it.
IOO
TIO
The inward inclination of the ends f f of the delectors .I J prevents an escape of the bone-black thereat, and yet allows free ingress of air under them, and the inclined slats p p at each end of the drier prevent a waste of the bone-black into the end circulatingspaces N N.
I claim as my inventionl. The combination, in a char-drier, of the upper and lower parallel horizontal hot-air or gas lues, the series of intermediate detachable Vertical flues connecting the one and the other, the hopper mounted above them to communicate with the drying-spaces between the vertical flues,the circulating-chamber communicating with said drying-spaces, a dischargeflue connected with said circulating-chamber, and deflectors,substantiallyas described,tted in said drying-spaces, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
`2. The combination, in a char-drier, with a vertical char-drying space, of a series of superimposed deiectors fitted in said space, each form-ed with inwardly-inclined end plates having openings to communicate with the angular space under the inclined plates of the deflector, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
3. The combination, in a char-drier, of the two series of vertical hot-air or gas lues, the two parallel horizontal distributing-nues having laterally-inclined transverselyslotted top plates upon which the gas-ii ues are iitted, with an open circulating-space between the closing terminal chambers at each end of the drier communicating with said circulatingspace, and a discharge-pipe connected with one of said chambers, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
4. In a char-drier, the combination, with the vertical gas-lines having char-drying spaces between them and inclosing a central circulating-chamber communicating with an outer discharge or exhaust pipe, the supportingplates for said iiues, the upper discharge-flue communicating therewith, and a hopper communicating with the drying-spaces, of deflecting-plates arranged in said drying-spaces with intervening air-channels communicating with the central circulating-chamber, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.
GODFREY ENGEL. Witnesses:
JN0. D. LrrscoMB, THEO. H. KRAFT, WM. H. JONES.
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