US438301A - System - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Mode 21. v v A. EDI-SON.

S YSTEM 'OF ELECTRIC LIGHTING.

ATTESTQ T "gwgy UNITED ST TES- PATENT OFFICE.

'riio i'As A. EDISON, or MENLO PARK. rn-vJEI-isin'.

' svs'T -zm o'F ELECTRIC uewrme.

this A, Emson, of of hlidgllesex; and invent d lainew Systems of Elecl-oall w L 3, zbjltd 13c itknogvn; that LTHO Menlo Par-k ln the count 3W r Je'r ytl a c; and useful Improvement, n cases 528,

this in on on to pro ide": fiicien cii ou t-'-:for elee'trie 't y with lainps nt when a} cu itl nt any, iine 'u"'clfdiifereiiftitil magnet ngegltha wlieircur'rent tlnioughg'the lami origrouptliereof ceases 'its bala'nce'will cbe 11 s royegl, ah(ll"this will oprat'e-circuit a controlling apparatus which willelose a shunt c around thelainp, includinga'n auxiliary lamp.

I I pieifen to en'iployan electro-inagnethaving; 0 two differentially voundsetsof coils: The low-v I resistance coils of this magnet are-inthe main line, while its fineire or high-resistance coils are in a sliunfiafliund the lam p; 'Asecond shunt f j' around the lunnrincludes the pivoted spring- 3 5 retracted armatureof tho lifi'fereut-ialmagnet,

o w hich 'armatureis 'provid'e 1'\vitlicontacts for ';making and b'reaking the shunt in which it splaced fll e differential magnetis so wonndj c audits armature so adjusted that when the zlamp' is burning the. two sets oli icoils will balhnce' each other, and said arinature will'be hehl'away from themagnct by a spring; but

,' should the lamp break an 1-.enrrent cease to .pass throug h it and through tithe low-resist- 5 ganee e'oils in the-mainline-theimagnctic bal-- ancewillliedestroyed and the armature will lie attracted and close the circuit'ar'ou'nd the I lamp. H

-' will; pass throughthe low-resistance coils, and

, 5o thebalanee villbeiestoi'cdand the armature .will be retractedhy .it's springand hrca'kthe v P (lesirahle' to .eu 'outfot eir-E \Vhen. ,the lainpIiS replaced, current forming part of letters Patent No. 438,301, dated October 14,1890.

' 5 29,1883.;Serial1lo. 99,554- eo'mdaeili 1 Theshunt controlled hythe aim ture-levcr may hedivided into any desired number of branches, each lllcllltllllg al. 1n candescing 1amp.- These divisions are closed v andjbroken by an arm included in the main )of \vhiclitlie folp jet-wheel revolved by a pawl carried by the armature-lever. itheiarmature is attracted and its pawl moves ortion of the'shunt and carried by a. ratch W hen the first lamp breaks,

the; ratehemvheel and contact-arm, closing the "first division of the shunt; and if the lainps in'tliis division break, circuit is closed through 5 tlie'lnext one,' 'a n 1 so on, the'lamps being successively tlirownjinto circuit as the preceding "Fprefer to employ the differential V magnetic device described, it is eviit li'ait asingleeleetronagnet laced in a mtamound the lamp maybe 'used to con itrolihe second shunt. When the lamp-cir- L QciiitFiS" broken, current passes through this magnet,'kwhieh' attracts the armature-lever and 'closes,;the shunt Another (inferential arrangement, howevenfnmy be used, consist- -ing of a low-resistance inagnetcoil'in the main line anda permanent magnet acting foppositely upon thear nature and iiiaii'itaining a magnetic halaneewhen current is passing;

through the coil, but overcoming said coil {when the main circuit is broken.

I The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in whicht Figurel is a diagram oi the form in which only one auxiliary shunt around the lamp is used; Fig. 2, a diagram showing the arrange- ;mentfor throwing lalnpS'SllCC($SlVCly into circuit, and Fig. an illustration of the (lifferenti?tl ilevicc employing a permanent magnet. Refenring to Figs. 1 and 2, A represents a (lyrie'mo-electrio machine or other genera-tor for supplying current to the ineamlescing electric lamps a a, arranged in series in the main conductors 1 2.

Q15 B are magnet-cores, e ch wound with coarse wire or low-resistance coils I), included in the main circuit, and .iine wire or high-re sistanee coils 4. includeil'in the shunteircuit 3 arou'nd'the lamp. The two sets of coils are loo wound to oppose each other, forming a diltereutial magnet;

Another shunt-circuit 4 is Correction in Letters Patent No. 438,301.

also formed around the lamp, containingan auxiliary lamp a and including the pivoted armature (Z and contactepoint e.

\Vhen a lamp a is destroyed or the current is in any way prevented from passin g through such lamp, the balance of the magnetic attraction upon the armature-lever (l is destroyed and said lever is attracted, as previlevend carries a pawl h, which, whenthe a'rmature is attracted by the diiferential magnet,'engages with the ratchetswheel g and throws the contactsarm f from one branch 5 toanother. Thus, if current ceases in the lamp (1, the arm ature is attracted, the ratchetwheel turned, and the contact-arm thrown to the branch 5, includingthe first lamp a, and -should this lamp be destroyed the next is likewise thrown'into'circuit, andso on.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3, instead of. a. corewith opposite windings, I use an eleetro-magnetl of low resistance in the main line and an' opposing permanent magnet m, both actingupon the armature-lever d. The shunt is hereshown as closed, the mag netic balance having beendestroyed bythe breaking of the lamp a; A high-resistance shunt 6 is formed around the lamp and cutout mechanism, so that the circuit is never broken. Itwill be seen that by these devices the circuit is never broken, as in each -ar rangement a constantly-closed circuit is provided in connection with the lamp and cut- .out mechanism, and consequently no spark occurs; also, the differential magnet, with coils in the-main line, acts with greater quichness than those cut-outs in which a single magnet in the main line allows an armature to drop and close a shunt.

AS,'R1)OV6 stated," a magnet c in shunt 3 might be used alone to control the shunt 4; but the differential arrangemcni is preferred.

It is to be understood that all patcntablefeatures of invention described or shown but not claimed herein are reserved for protection in other patents and have been or will be embodied in other applications for patents.

What I claim is lIThe combination, with an electric lamp, of cut-out mechanism actuated by cessations .of current, one or more shunts around said lamp controlled by said cut-out mechanism each including a similar lamp, and a constantly-closed circuit around said lamp, substantially as set forth. v

2. The combination, with an electric lamp, of a single cutout device actuated by cessations of currentgtwo or more shunts around said lamp controlledbysaid cut-out device eachshuntcontaininganother lamp,and acon-' stantly-closed shunt around all the lamps, substantially as set forth. 3. The combination, with an electric lamp,

of two or more shunts around said lamp, each including another lamp, a single cut-out device actuated. by cessations of current in one lamp to close circuit successively to the succeedin'g lamps, and a constantly-closed shunt all around the lamps, substantially as set circuit, circuit-controllin g mtchanism operated by variations in the magnetic balance of said magnet, and one or more shunts around said lamp, all controlled by said mechanism and each including a similar lamp.

' This specification signed and witnessed this 25th day of June, 1883.

'JIIOS. A. El )ISON.

\Vitnesses:

- lbw. SEEnY,

EDWARD ll. Pvs'r'r.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent to. 438,301, granted ctober 14., 1e00, npon the application of Thomas A. Edison, o'fliienlo Park, New Jersey, for an improvement in System of Electric Lighting, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction, as follows :v In line 78, page 2, the words all around should read around all and that the Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein to make it conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oiiice;

Signed, counters'igned, and sealed this 25th davof November, A. D. 1890.

[sEAL] Countcrsigned:

(l. E. MITCHELL,

Cmmnissiouer of Patents.

, CYRUS RUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

'Cofrectionin Letters Pa tent No.

It is hereby cemtid that in Letters Paton}; ho. 438,301, granted. (amber 14, 1890, upon thapplioation of Thomas A. Ed isou, of Meplo Park New J ers ey, for an impuwemnt in f System of Electric Lighting, an ex 'ror appears in the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: In line 7 8, page 2, the words all around should read I around all and hat the Letters Patent shouldbe read wit his, don-cation therein to make it conform to the record of the caso in the Patent Oifice.

' Sigqed, couuteps'igned, and seald this 25th day of' November, A. D. 1890.

[smun] CYRUS BUSSEY,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior. Countersigued: 1

C. E; MITCHELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

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