US429667A

US429667A - Hydraulic press

Info

Publication number: US429667A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 1907-06-10

Description

(No Model.)

S. J. WEBB.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

No. 429,667. Patented June v10. 1890:

UNITED STATES PATENT EErCE.v

SAMUEL J. WEBB, OF MINDEN, LOUISIANA.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 429,667, dated June 10, 1890. Application filed May 7, 1889. Serial No. 309,924. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it' may concern:

' Be it known that I, SAMUEL J. WEBB, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minden, in the parish of Vebster and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hydraulic presses, and especially to that class where great strength and power are required and used, as in baling cotton, hay, and other materials,

' although the invention is not limited to this l special class of presses.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction and operation of hydraulic presses, so that they shall be simple, cheap, and compact, and at the same time be capable of withstanding great strain or pressure and operate quickly and evenly without liability to get out of order.

To'these ends my present invention consists in a press constructed and arranged substantially as set forth herein, and in the various combination of parts more set forth hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying` drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a press embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the same press with slight modiiications as to some of its parts.

The main frame-work of the press consists, essentially, of the upper fixed platen 1, which is secured to the frame-work 2, forming the particularly hydraulic cylinder, by means of rods 3, pass` ing through suitable lugs or openings in the platen and frame-work, and these are formed and secured so as to withstand the strain between the fixed platen and moving bed necessary to produce the desired amount of pressure on the article to be pressed. Connected to the hydraulic cylinder 2 in any suitable way is the steam-cylinder 4, the bottom 5 of which forms a base or support for the press. This steam-cylinder is provided with a piston 6, having a piston-rod 7 and a suitable steam-connection 8, controlled with a three-way valve 9, operated by a handle 10 or otherwise, to admit the steam to the cylinder or to allow its escape therefrom. The

lower end of the piston-rod 7 is preferably provided with an extension 11, which is adapted to fit into the steam-opening in the cylinder, and serves in this Way to form a cushion for the piston in its descent to prevent jarring in a well-known way, and similar means are preferably provided to prevent jar or injury from the upward movement of the piston, as by the steam-passage 12 near the top of the cylinder, or by the ring or plate 13, embracing the piston-rod and adapted to enter a suitable opening 14 at the top of the cylinder to form a cushion.

The moving platen 15,which may be guided 'by the rods 3, is provided with' a downward annular extension 16, formed integral therewith or suitably attached thereto, and this extension forms a plunger for the hydraulic cylinder 2 and is fitted to movefreely therein, but is provided with a suitable packing 17 to make a water-tight connection between the outside surface of the plunger and the inside surface of the hydraulic cylinder 2. This annular plunger also forms an interior cylinder 18, and the piston-head 19, secured to the piston-rod 7 of the steam-cylinder, is adapted to move in this interior cylinder 18, and, suitable packing is provided to form water-tight joints between the interior surface of the cylinder and the contiguous surface of the piston-head 19. This piston-head, as shown in Fig. l., is providedwith an automatic checkvalve 20, which may be of any suitable-construction, and which operates in an opening 2l in the head, so that when there is a certain definite pressure' above the piston-head the valve will automatically operate to relieve the pressure. Another check-valve 22 is also fitted in said piston in connection with an opening23, so that vit will allow the flow of the iiuid from the hydraulic cylinder 2 into the cylinder 18 in a manner-hereinafter set forth. The annular extension 16 is provided with a slight inwardly-proj ecting flange 24, which prevents the piston-head from being drawn out of the cylinder 18 in its downward movement. The platen 15 may be provided with a man-hole 25, having suitable means for closing it, through which hole the packing and valves of the cylinders may be adjusted when necessary. y

Connected with the hydraulic cylinder 2 at a point below the plunger 16, is a pipe 26, controlled by a suitable check or other valve 27, which may be operated byI a handle, as

IOO

28, and this is connected to a suitable source or supply of the fiuid to be used in operatin g the press.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2 the piston 7 is not provided with an extended piston-head carrying the valves, as in Fig. 1, but is simply slightly enlarged, as at 19, and fitted to slide in the cylinder 18, while the upper end of said cylinder is connected by a pipe 29 to the pipe 26, so as to permit the circulation of the fiuid from the cylinder 1S to the cylinder 2.

As the platen 15 moves up and down, it is necessary to make some provision whereby this connection can be maintained, and I have shown a pipe 29 as extending into a larger and fixed pipe 30, having a suitable packing at its upper end, which permits the pipe 29 to slide' telescopically therein as the platen is reciprocated. This pipe 30 is provided with a suitable valve 3], operated by a handle 32 or otherwise to regulate the fiow ot fluid from the two cylinders. This valve takes the place of the automatic valve 20 in the construction shown in Fig. 1, and operates in substantially the same way and produces the same result, except that it is arranged outside of the cylinders instead of in the piston-head.

From this description the operation will be seen to be as follows: The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1, steam is admitted to the steam-cylinder through the pipe 8, and the piston 6, piston-rod 7, and piston-head 19 carried thereby are moved upward, and the cylinder 18 being filled with water the bed 15 is moved upward with the same speed as the piston 6, as the fluid cannot escape from said cylinder 18.A In this way the first or initial pressure is given to the bale or other article to be operated upon with a rapid motion and at the shortest possible time. Vhen, however, the resistance to the bed has increased to a certain point at which the auto- Wmatic valve 2O is gaged, this valve is opened by the pressure of the fluid, so as to allow the fluid in the cylinder 18 to escape through the opening 21 into the hydraulic cylinder 2, and thus the effective area of the hydraulicplunger is increased to its fullest extent and the power of piston-head (i is greatly multiplied, although, of course, the speed of the moving bed is reduced. In this way the final pressure is given to the article operated upon, and this can be gaged to any pressure desired. It is to be remarked that while the piston and plunger are moving together, as is described, the check-valve 27 in the pipe 26 is automatically operated to admit fiuid into the hydraulic cylinder 2; but the moment the automatic valve 2O is opened the pressure on this fiuid is so great that the check-valve 27 is closed, and the pressure of the piston-rod 7 is exerted throughout the mass of fiuid in the

cylinders

18 and 2 and upon all portions of the available area of the plunger. Then the desired pressure has been obtained and it is desired to lower the bed to repeat the operation, the steam is exhausted from the cylinder 4c by means of the three-way cock 9 through pipe 83 or otherwise, and the piston 6 and piston-rod descend by their own weight to their normal position, and thc l'iiston-headlQ is accordingly drawn downward. This pis ton-head cannot be drawn from the plunger 1G on account of the fianges 24, so that the bed is forced to return to its normal position. As the piston-head 19 commences its descent, the fiuid in the hydraulic cylinder 2 forces open the check-valve 22 and allows a free circulation of fluid between the two cylinders, so that the cylinder 18 is filled with the fluid, and the check-valve 27 is operated by hand or otherwise to allow the remaining iiuid in the cylinder 2 to escape into a tank or reservoir in order that the plunger 1G can complete its downward stroke.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2 the operation is substantially the same, except that instead of the fluid passing from cylinder 18 to cylinder 2 through the automatic valve in the piston-head it passes through pipes or

channels

29 and 26 to the lower portion of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and backward the same way, the valve heilig operated in this instance by the handle 32 to regulate the movement and pressurein the manner before set forth.

It will thus be seen that by this simple structure and arrangement of a few parts I am enabled to produce a press capable of withstanding an immense strain, and at the same time operating quickly and effectively to produce the results desired. The power is utilized in an economical manner, in that the IOO first or initial pressure is quickly attained by a rapid movement, and the final pressure is produced by a slower movement with a greater area of effective force.

It is evident that while I have shown two ways of embodyingmy invention, based upon the same general principles of construction and operation, other modifications may be made without departingfrom the spirit thereof, and I therefore do not limit myself to the precise arrangement shown.

I do not herein claim the specific construction and arrangement of parts illustrated and described with reference to Fig. 2.

I do not herein make claim to the man-hole shown and described, as it is claimed in my application Serial No. 299,691, filed February 15, 1889; nor do I claim the construction and arrangement of the steam cylinder, valve opening therein, and piston operated thereby, as claimed in my applications, Serial No. 299,602, filed February 13, 1889, and Serial No. 306,794, filed April 11, issu.

lVhat I claim is- 1. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with a fixed platen and a hydraulic cylinder rigidly secured thereto, of a movable platen having a plunger connected therewith operating in said cylinder and a piston-head litting the interior of said plunger, substantially as described.

2. In a hydraulic press, the combination', with a iiXed platen, of a hydraulic cylinder rigidly connected thereto, a moving bed havinga plunger ittingsaid cylinder, anda steam cylinder and piston, the piston-rod of which operates in said plunger, substantially as described.

3. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with a hydraulic cylinder and a movable bed provided with an annularplunger fitting-said cylinder, of a vsteam-cylinder, a piston and piston-rod therefor having a head iitting the plunger, and Valve-connections between the two sides of the plunger relative to the piston, substantially as described. 4

4. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with the hydraulic cylinder and an annular plunger fitting therein, of a piston-head iittin g the interior of said plunger and provided with an automatic valve opening in a direction opposite to that in which power is applied, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the hydraulic cylinder and annular plunger fitting therein, of a piston-head fitting the'interior of said plunger and provided with ,an automatic valve opening in a direction opposite to that in which power is applied and a check-valve, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a hydraulic cylinder and an annular plunger fitting therein,

of a piston iitting the interior of said plunger, provided with an automatic valve opening in a direction opposite to that in which' power is applied, and a check-valve, and a fluid-passage kconnected with said cylinder and provided with a check-valve, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signedmy name tol this specification inA the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

SAMUEL J. WEBB.

lVitnesses:

ANDREW MACKAY, J r., D. CASTLEMAN WEBB.