US428369A - Shade or reflector - Google Patents
Shade or reflector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US428369A US428369A US428369DA US428369A US 428369 A US428369 A US 428369A US 428369D A US428369D A US 428369DA US 428369 A US428369 A US 428369A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shade
- reflector
- grooves
- cavity
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000286663 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 1
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000001839 Neurturin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010015406 Neurturin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
Definitions
- My improvement relates to shades or reflectors of that kind which are commonly made of glass and provided with a silver coating.
- the common method of manufacturing such shades or reflectors is to make them hollow, or, in other words, of two thicknesses, to flow into the hollow or cavity the material for the coating and then empty it out, so as to leave only a thin film upon the surface, and, finally, to seal the cavity, so as to protect the coating from the injurious effects of the atmosphere.
- the object of my improvement is to make an annular shade or reflector of this character by the ordinary method of manufacture.
- My improvement consists in an annular shade or reflector composed of two thicknesses of material placed one within the other, providingaspace between them, and each having an annular groove and rib at the ends, and a plastic material filling the space at the ends and engaging in the grooves; and it further consists in applying a metal band to one end, the edges of said band engaging over the ribs.
- Figure 1 is a top view of a shade embodying my improvement.
- Fig. 2 is a bottom view.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse section.
- Fig. 4 is a transverse section of a band which is applied to the upper end of the shade.
- a B designate two thicknesses of material forming the shade or reflector. They may be made of any suitable material. 'lranslucent or transparent glass will be the most desirable material for the inner thickness or part A.
- the outer thicknessor part B may be of opal glass or of any other decorative material.
- the two thicknesses or parts A B as made of substantially the same form, each one differing but slightly from the other and that for the purpose of enabling them to fit one outside the other with a substantially uniform space, hollow, or cavity between them.
- the opposite faces of these two thicknesses or parts AB have grooves a 1) near the bottom edge and opposite grooves a b near the top edge. Either end of the space, hollow, or cavity between the two thicknesses or parts A B will be closed.
- the closure may be eifected by filling the space between the grooves at the end which is to be closed with plastic material-such, for instance, as plaster of-paris.
- a yielding material which is not plastic may be used-as, for instance, a band of india-rubber, if it is sufficiently soft and the grooves of the two thicknesses or parts are narrow enough to enable the rubber to enter the'grooves and make a tight closure of the space between them.
- the material which is to be employed for silvering the inner thickness or part will be introduced at the opening of the space, hollow, or cavity and made to flow over the inner surface of the inner thickness or part A. Then it will be allowed to flow out of the cavity at the open end. A thin film, however, will remain upon the inner thickness or part A. Then the open end of the space, hollow or cavity will be closed. This may be done by means of plastic materic lsuch as plaster-ofparisor by means of a yielding material. When a plastic material is used, the shade or reflector, with the open end of its space, hollow, or cavity downward, may be rotated upon a table or other support having the plastic material spread upon it.
- a band of metal may be engaged with each end of the shade or reflector.
- a band of sheet metal 0 applied to the upper end and extending over the inner surface of the thickness or part A and the outer surface of the thickness or part B. Itmaybe retained in place by plaster-of-paris or by having its edges bent inwardly below the ribs, which result from the forming of the grooves L 19
- my improvement I am enabled to produce an annular shade or reflector very cheaply.
- the combination of the inner part or thickness havbination of an inner part or thickness having grooves and ribs at its ends, an outer part or thickness having grooves and ribs opposite the grooves of the inner thickness, a plastic material between said grooves at each end, and a metal band applied to the upper end and having its edges bent inwardly below the ribs of the upper end, substantially as specified.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Description
(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.
E. BLAGKMAN. SHADE 0R REFLECTOR.
No. 428,369. Patented May 20, 1890.
Fig.1
Figz.
Winygsszs. INVENTCJR.
W WW
me NORRIS PETERS cm, vnuTo-umm, wnsumcwu v. c,
(No Model.) 2 Sheets$heet 2.
E. BLAGKMAN.
SHADE 0R REFLECTOR.
11V VEN TOR Patented May 20, 1890.
WITNESSES:
BYWM
6 /5 ATTORNEYJ NrTn STATES ATENT' FFICE.
SHADE OR REFLECTOR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,369, dated May 20, 1890.
Application filed July 3, 1889. Serial No. 316,467. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EBENEZER BLACKMAN, of Brooklyn, Kings county, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Shades or Reflectors, of which the following is a specification.
My improvement relates to shades or reflectors of that kind which are commonly made of glass and provided with a silver coating.
The common method of manufacturing such shades or reflectors is to make them hollow, or, in other words, of two thicknesses, to flow into the hollow or cavity the material for the coating and then empty it out, so as to leave only a thin film upon the surface, and, finally, to seal the cavity, so as to protect the coating from the injurious effects of the atmosphere.
The object of my improvement is to make an annular shade or reflector of this character by the ordinary method of manufacture.
My improvement consists in an annular shade or reflector composed of two thicknesses of material placed one within the other, providingaspace between them, and each having an annular groove and rib at the ends, and a plastic material filling the space at the ends and engaging in the grooves; and it further consists in applying a metal band to one end, the edges of said band engaging over the ribs.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of a shade embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a bottom view. Fig. 3 is a transverse section. Fig. 4: is a transverse section of a band which is applied to the upper end of the shade.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A B designate two thicknesses of material forming the shade or reflector. They may be made of any suitable material. 'lranslucent or transparent glass will be the most desirable material for the inner thickness or part A. The outer thicknessor part B may be of opal glass or of any other decorative material.
I have shown the two thicknesses or parts A B as made of substantially the same form, each one differing but slightly from the other and that for the purpose of enabling them to fit one outside the other with a substantially uniform space, hollow, or cavity between them. It will be seen that the opposite faces of these two thicknesses or parts AB have grooves a 1) near the bottom edge and opposite grooves a b near the top edge. Either end of the space, hollow, or cavity between the two thicknesses or parts A B will be closed. hen the shade or reflector is made as illustrated, the closure may be eifected by filling the space between the grooves at the end which is to be closed with plastic material-such, for instance, as plaster of-paris. A yielding material which is not plastic may be used-as, for instance,a band of india-rubber, if it is sufficiently soft and the grooves of the two thicknesses or parts are narrow enough to enable the rubber to enter the'grooves and make a tight closure of the space between them. The
space, hollow, or cavity between the two thicknesses or parts having been closed at one end, the material which is to be employed for silvering the inner thickness or part will be introduced at the opening of the space, hollow, or cavity and made to flow over the inner surface of the inner thickness or part A. Then it will be allowed to flow out of the cavity at the open end. A thin film, however, will remain upon the inner thickness or part A. Then the open end of the space, hollow or cavity will be closed. This may be done by means of plastic materic lsuch as plaster-ofparisor by means of a yielding material. When a plastic material is used, the shade or reflector, with the open end of its space, hollow, or cavity downward, may be rotated upon a table or other support having the plastic material spread upon it.
A band of metal may be engaged with each end of the shade or reflector. I have shown a band of sheet metal 0 applied to the upper end and extending over the inner surface of the thickness or part A and the outer surface of the thickness or part B. Itmaybe retained in place by plaster-of-paris or by having its edges bent inwardly below the ribs, which result from the forming of the grooves L 19 By my improvement I am enabled to produce an annular shade or reflector very cheaply.
WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. In an annular shade or reflector, the combination of the inner part or thickness havbination of an inner part or thickness having grooves and ribs at its ends, an outer part or thickness having grooves and ribs opposite the grooves of the inner thickness, a plastic material between said grooves at each end, and a metal band applied to the upper end and having its edges bent inwardly below the ribs of the upper end, substantially as specified.
EBENEZER BLACKMAN. Witnesses:
O. RFERGUsoN, WM. M. ILIFF.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US428369A true US428369A (en) | 1890-05-20 |
Family
ID=2497279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US428369D Expired - Lifetime US428369A (en) | Shade or reflector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US428369A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3871751A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-03-18 | Raytheon Co | Catoptric lens arrangement |
-
0
- US US428369D patent/US428369A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3871751A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-03-18 | Raytheon Co | Catoptric lens arrangement |
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