US428173A

US428173A - Brick-machine

Info

Publication number: US428173A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 1907-05-20

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H; E. LONG. BRICK MACHINE. No. 428,173. Patented May 20, 1890.

. Fig.1.

WITNESSES: uvmvron (No Model.) 3 Sh'eetsSheet 2.

- H.v E. LONG.

BRICK MACHINE. No. 428,173. Patented MayZO, 1890.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

d Maj-ZO, 1890.

A Tron/m5 H. E. LONG.

. BRICK MACHINE.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEZEKIAH E. LONG, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,173, dated May 20, 1890.

Application filed February 8, 1890. Serial No. 339,728. (No model.)

Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and- State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Brick-Machines;

and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to that class of brickmachines wherein a pug-mill is used to thoroughly mix the clay and force the same downward into a series of brick-molds that are caused to pass underneath said pug-mill, receive their quantum of clay, which is subsequently carried from beneath said pug-mill and deposited on a table, ready to be removed therefrom and deposited in a kiln for subsequent burning into brick.

The invention that I have made relates to the combination of said pug-mill with a series of molds formed within a reciprocating table having a series of molds therein, which pass alternately underneath the pug-mill, and then outward over a reciprocating table whereon the bricks are forced from the molds downward and deposited onto said reciprocating table by the means and in the manner hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of my specification, Figure 1 represents an end view of my complete brick-making machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation ,of the same. Fig. 3 is a top view. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section through the pugmill and some of its adjacent parts. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the cam used in driving or imparting motion to the brick-molds, the reciprocating table, and the means employed for forcing the bricks from said molds onto said table. Fig. 6 is an edge View of said cam. Fig. 7 represents the gear mechanism used for imparting motion to the brick-molds and reciprocating table. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same having a portion of the table and reciprocating mold attached thereto. Fig. 9 is a top view of the molds. Fig. 10 is an edge view of the same.

To put my invention into practice I prepare a substantial frame 1, sufficiently strong to sustain without vibration the active moving parts of the machine; and upon this frame is erected in a vertical position a hollow cylinder 2, held to the frame by means of a stout circumferential band 3, which will admit of the adjustment of the cylinder up and down. The interior sides of this cylinder 2 are provided ith a number of inward projections 4, or otherwise roughened for the purposes hereinafter mentioned. Centrally located within this cylinder is arranged a vertical shaft 5, having affixed thereto a series of blades 6, arranged around said shaft in a spiral form. The upper portion of this shaft above the cylinder is supported in a suitable bearing '7, making part of the frame, and at a point above said bearing this screw-shaft is provided with a beveled-toothed wheel 8, that engages a similar wheel 9 on the end of a top horizontal shaft 10, arranged at a right angle to that in the cylinder, which also has suitable bearings in the frame. The outward end of this shaft 10 is provided with a suitable drum or pulley 11, by which power may be applied to the moving parts of the machine by means of a belt or otherwise. This horizontal shaft 10 is also provided between its bearings with a beveled-toothed wheel 12, that engages with a correspondingly-toothed wheel 13, attached to a short vertical shaft 14, also secured in suitable bearings. To the lower end of this short shaft is affixed a small bevel-wheel 15, that in turn engages with the larger Wheel 16 on a horizontal shaft 17, and to the inner end of this horizontal shaft 17 is attached by suitable means a large cam 18, which is so formed that in its revolution it will act on the tablet 19, wherein the molds 20 are formed, and cause it to travel in a horizontal plane immediately underneath the cylinder 2, first in one direction and then in the other, whereby the molds in one end of the tablet 19 are carried underneath the cylinder 2 to be filled, then in an outward direction, while the molds in the other end of the tablet are underneath the cylinder, each in turn being carried underneath the cylinder, and then outside of said cylinder by the action of the cam. A projection il, alfixcd to the edge and near each end of said tablet it), constitutes thebearing-points upon which the cam acts to cause the tablet to move back and forth at each revolution thereof. This tablet, wherein are formed the molds 20, slides upon a fixed or stationary plate 22, which is solid or imperforate in that portion ilnn'iediately underneath the cylinder, but has rectangular openings 23 through it, each equal in size to the entire area of the molds in that end of the mold-tablet. At a distance below this stationaryplate 22 a little greater than the thickness of a brick is arranged so as to operate in the same direction of the molds, but with a greater length of stroke, a longitudinallyreciprocating plain table 2%, and by means of brackets 25, projecting from one edge thereof, is affixed a long rack 26, with its teeth extending upward, and to the moldtablct if] is allixed a shorter and similar rack 27, with its teeth projectin downward. This shorter rack 27 engages with a toothed wheel or pinion 2S, integral with or aliixed thereto, or making part of a larger toothed wheel 29, engaging with a rack 26 of the reciprocating table 24, whereby the table is given a greater degree of speed and length of stroke, both forward and backward, in the direction of its length, and these toothed wheels are supported by and revolve around a stationary journal affixed in a solid upright portion on the frame. The cam 1S, that imparts motion to the mold-tablet 1!) and the table 2-1, is so shaped as that it moves the molds and the table slowly underneath the upright cylinder to the end of their stroke. cam describes a regular circle drawn from the center of the shaft to which it is affixed, which enables and causes the molds and tables to remain stationary during a completion of the movement of the cam 18 in that direction. Above a point at which the molds 2O arrive and remain stationary is arranged and a'llixed a series of vertically-moving rectangular blocks 31, corresponding to and each of the exact shape of the respective mold it is intended to pass downward into during a temporary inaction of the molds. These sev eral blocks 31 are forced downward each into its respective mold on one side by means of a pin 32 on the cam 18 acting against one end of a lever 83, attached to a vertical slide 34-, provided with an arm 35, carrying said blocks, and the opposite molds in the other end of the table are in like manner carried down at the proper time into their respective molds by means of a similar lever 36, acted upon by the pin of the cam 18 in a reverse direction. After the pin 3 on the cam 18 has passed one of the levers, and while the molds remain stationary, the blocks are immediately drawn up and freed from the molds by means of a cord or chain 37, passing over a pulley 38 by the action of a Weight At this point the 3!), attached to the opposite end of this cord or chain. A spout or chute 4.0 is attached to and extends outwardly from the upper end of the main cylinder.

The several parts of my improved brick machine having been constructed,arranged, and combined with respect to each other as shown and described, the operation is as follows: On motion being imparted to the machine by suitable means, clayon being placed in tl )SllOtIl; or chute will descend immediately into the open-ended upright cylinder, where it will be caught by the spirally-arranged blades on the vertical shaft therein and forced downward with considerable pressure, a rotation of the clay within the cylinder being prevented by the projections on its inner wall. The mixed clay on arriving at the bottom of the cylinder rests directly upon the mold-tablet, and as each series of molds is alternately drawn underneath the cylinder they become completely filled with clay under pressure of the great screw within the cylinder. That instant the filled molds are carried outward by the action of the cam immediately over that portion of the plain table ready to receive them, where they are held in abeyance by the regular portion of the cam until by coming in contact with the lever it draws down the blocks at that end of the machine and forces the severally new-made bricks therein out of the molds onto the table beneath. During this time the other molds are being filled with clay. As soon as thebricks are relieved from the molds the pin on the cam passes the lever and enables the weight to withdraw the plunger or blocks from the molds, thereby releasing the same. The cam by this time has so far revolved as to act on the projection on the opposite end of the tablet and cause the filled molds to pass outward from underneath the cylinder and bring the empty molds into place for being filled, and thus the separate sets of molds are alternately filled and discharged onto the table at each revolution of the cam, ready to be carried away, dried, and burned, after the manner used by brick-makers generally. The bricks made by this machine have their edges and ends slick and made smooth by the o ')eration of forcing the clay into the molds. The upper surface of the brick is also made smooth by passing from underneath the edge of the cylinder, and the bottom side of the brick is in like manner made smooth by beingforced or drawn along the solid portion of the plate upon which the tablet or molds rest preparatory to being discharged onto the table beneath, whereby a sharp-cornered brick having a smooth surface is produced in a rapid and ellicient manner.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination of a pug-mill, as described, with a reciprocating tablet provided with a series of molds that alternately pass underneath said mill, so as to be filled with clay and carried outward for the discharge thereof, a stationary plate upon which said molds rest and form a bottom thereto, two openings in said plate, through which the bricks are discharged when the molds are opposite them, a reciprocating table arranged a short distance below said plate, a rack attached to the table, an inverted rack attached to the mold-table, a small gear-wheel operating in connection with the rack on themoldtablet, and a larger gear-wheel operating the rack of the receiving-table, a cam constructed to rotate and give requisite movement to the mold-tablet and reciprocating table, a series of plungers having a vertical movement to discharge brick from the molds onto the reciprocating table, and a weight connected to said plungers by means of a chain or cord to withdraw them from the molds at the proper time.

2. The combination of a pug-mill, as described, with a reciprocating tablet provided with a series of molds that alternately pass underneath said pug-mill, a stationary plate for supporting said molds, a table, a toothed rack attached to said table, atoothed rack attached to said mold-tablet, and the intermediate gear-wheels by which the mold-tablet and the table are given motion in opposite directions with a different length of stroke and different degree of speed.

3. The combination of a pug-mill, as described,witl1 a series of reciprocating molds arranged underneath said mill, so as to be filled with clay and carried outward for the discharge thereof, a stationary plate upon which said molds rest and form a bottom thereto,

two openings through said plate, through which the bricks are discharged when the molds are opposite them, a reciprocating table arranged a short distance below said plate, a rack attached to the table, an inverted rack attached to the mold-tablet, a small gear-wheel operating in connection with the rack on the mold-tablet, a larger gear-wheel integral with the first operating the rack of the receiving-table, and a cam constructed to rotate and give requisite movement to the mold-tablet and by intermediate gearing to the recipro-- eating table.

4. The combination of a pug-mill, as described,with a series of reciprocating molds arranged underneath said mill to be alternately filled with clay, a stationary plate forming a bottom to said molds, two openings through said plate, through which the bricks are discharged onto the reciprocating table, a rack attached to said table, an inverted rack attached to the mold-tablet, intermediate gearwheels for operating the same, a series of plungers for forcing the brick out of themold by a downward action, a rotating cam for forcing the plungers downward into their respective molds, a shaft for driving said cam, and intermediate bevel-gearing connecting it to the main shaft used in operating'the vertical shaft in the pug-mill cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my'hand this 6th day of February,A.D.1890.

HEZEKIAH E. LONG.

l/Vitnesses:

A. O. JOHNSTON, WM. METOHEN.