US426300A

US426300A - morton

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Publication number: US426300A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-04-22
Anticipated expiration: 1907-04-22

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. S. MORTON. MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS. No. 426,300. Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

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WITNESSES IN VENT 01? m MW [Mm 64m BY 7 %@wa ATTORNEY (No. Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. S. MORTON. MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.

No. 426,300. Patented Apr. 22. 1890.

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MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS. No. 426,300. Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

(No Model.)

UNTTE STATES ATENT FFICE.

JOHN SKETOHLEY MORTON, OF NlllV YORK, N. Y.

MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 426,300, dated April 22, 1890.

Application filed October 19,1889. Serial No. 327,568. (No model.)

To all whom it nay concern Be it known that 1, JOHN SKnrcHLEY MOR- TON, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Means for Propelling Vessels; and I do hereby declare that the follow ing is a clear, full, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to the propulsion of Vessels by reactionary force, which is transmitted to a reactionary motor or motors made in suitable form.

This invention consists in transmitting the full pressure on the piston of an engine to the interior surface of a reactionary motor by means of a given quantity of water forced into a motor already solidly full of water by an intermediate force -pump, and simultaneously the same quantity of water as is forced therein, and no more, is thereby forced thereout through a nozzle in the small end thereof into the surrounding water-that is, the water in which the vessel floatsthereby generating in the rear and enlarged end of the motor a reactionary force for the propulsion of vessels equal to the force with which the water is ejected therefrom-that is, the entire engine force exerted-01, in other words, in transmitting all of the available force, from whatever source derived, to the interior surface of a motor or motors and utilizing it in the propulsion of vessels at any desired speed, limited only by the engine force exerted, as herein set forth and described.

Preferably I use a duplex en gineand pumps, which consist of two steam cylinders and two pumps, and connect to the pumps four driving-motors at the stern of the vessel, four backing-motors at its bow, and two steering or turning motors near its bow, one thereof on each side of the vessel. For the purpose of imparting even and steady propelling force to the vessel the motors are arranged therein so that in operation the reactionary force is simultaneously exerted on each single stroke of the engine upon the two inside motors and in like manner on each single return-stroke of the engine upon the two outside motors at the stern and bow of the vessel, respectively.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a vessel, showing a duplex engine and pumps and pipes connecting the pumps with the reactionary motors. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation of a vessel, showing a duplex engine and pumps and pipes connecting the pumps with the reactionary motors. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a duplex engine and pumps and induction and eduction pipes connected therewith. Fig. #1 is a side elevation of a duplex engine and pumps, showing a pump in section andinduction and eduction pipes connected therewith. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of two reactionary motors with pumps directly connected therewith, showing induction pipes and valves and a ring projection or shoulder inside of the 1110- tors at or near the eduction-nozzles. Fig. (l is a broken sectional view of the bottom of a vessel, showing a water-tank, valve, orifice, strainer, rib or scoop, and pipe-connections. Fig. 7 is an elevation of a reactionary motor, showing'an induction-pipe connected thereto at the upper side thereof and a draw-cock at its bottom.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

The motors D are provided with suitable thrust-blocks E in the rear of their enlarged ends and in their small ends with small nozzles a, as shown in the drawings.

The pipes d (shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 6) have check-valves it placed in them, as shown in Fig. 3, and are the induction-pipes to the pumps 0 from the water-tank H. (Shown in Fig. 6.)

The pipes e,f, 71, 6, 7t, h", k, f, f, and e (shown in Figs. 1 and 3) are the eductionpipes from the pumps O and the inductionpipes into the motors D from the pumps C. In action these pipes, as also the motors and pumps, are solidly full of water at the beginning and end of each stroke. These latter pipes, as also the pumps and motors,are constructed and arranged without cheek-valves to avoid obstructions therein.

The nozzles a are the eductions from the motors D into the surrounding water.

One of the induction-pipes (Z and one of the eduction-pipes e, f, h, e, h, h, k, f, f", and e is directly or indirectly connected with each end of the cylinders of the pumps 0, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4:. These latter pipes are made larger in area than the displacement of the plungers in the cylinders of the pumps, in order to lessen the friction generated by the water in passing rapidly through them under heavy pressure. These pipes are also made larger, as aforesaid, so that the full force of the engine throughout its entire stroke will be exerted directly upon thewater forced by the plungers of the pumps out of their cylinders into their respective connected motors D and out thereof through their nozzles a into the surrounding water, and thereby generate in the rear and enlarged ends of the motors a reactionary force for utilization in the propulsion of vessels equal to the force exerted by the pistons of the engine in cylinders B.

In some instances, and particularly in small vessels, only two motors are connected with the pumps at the stern of the vessel for propulsion and two motors at the bow of the vessel for backing; but in no case, as is herein previously mentioned, are cheek-valves used in this invention in either the pumps or motors or in the pipes leading from the pumps to the motors.

The motors may be of different forms; but I prefer those of the conical form shown in the drawings in Fig. 1, with one of their ends of an area proportionate with the force to be exerted, while their sides converge to a nozzle at the opposite end, so that the entire force exerted against their rear and enlarged ends is concentrated on the nozzlesthereof and more perfectly reacts against their enlarged ends directly opposite the nozzles for reactionary propulsion.

I have arranged, as shown in the drawings in Fig. 3, four two-way valves (marked, respectively, g, g, g', and 9) and two two-way valves (marked, respectively, g and t) to be used for diverting the water from one pipe to another and to the latters connected motor for the purpose of changing or altering the vessels course as desired withoutin any wise abating the speed of the engine. The four two-way valves 9, g, g, and 9" are used for diverting the water from the four motors in the stern of the vessel to the four motors in the bowv of the vessel, and vice versa, in the forward or backing movement of the vessel. The two two-way valves (marked g and i) are used in connection with the valves marked g and g for diverting the water from one of either the stern or bow motors to one of the side or steering motors near the bow end of the vessel to assist the rudder in turning the vessel either to the right or left, as may be required;

The four motorsD in the stern of the vessel, connected with the pumps 0 by pipes marked 6, f, h, and e", as shown in the drawings in Fig. 1, are for propelling the vessel.

The operation of propelling the vessel is as follows: The water is supplied to the cylinders of the pumps through orifice WV in the bottom of the vessel, water-tank H, and the induction-pipes cl, as shown in the drawings in Fig. 6, and is forced by the engine and plungers of the pumps simultaneously through the pipes e and 6 into their respective connected outside motors D in the stern of the vessel and simultaneously through the pipes f and it into their respective connected inside motors D in the stern of the vessel, and thereout through their respective eductionnozzles a into the surrounding water, thereby generating in the rear and enlarged ends of the motors directly opposite their nozzles a reactionary force equal to the power exerted by the engine and propelling the vessel aceordingly.

The two motors D, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, one on each side of the vessel near its bow end, are to assist the rudder in steering the vessel either to the right or left while in either its forward orbackward movement. These two side motors are indirectly connected with the pumps O by pipes f" and h", as also shown in Fig. 1.

The operation of steering or turning the vessel while in its forward movement is as follows: By properly adjusting the rudder and by turning the valves g and g on pipes f and f the water is diverted from pipe f and its connected motor D in the stern of the vessel and is forced through pipe f into the steering-motor D on the left side of the Vessel at its bow end, exerting the force therein and assisting the rudder in steering the vessel to the right, or by turning valves g" and i on pipes h and 71 the Water is diverted from pipe 6" and its connected motor D in the stern of the vessel, and is forced through pipe h" into the steering-motor D on the right side of the vessel at its bow end, exerting the force therein and assisting the rudder in steering the vessel to the left. By again turning the valves into their original positions the water is diverted through pipe f or c, as previously disconnected, into its connected motor D in the stern of the vessel, form which it is discharged, as aforesaid, thereby assisting the other stern-motors in propelling the vessel ahead.

The four motors D in the bow of the vessel, connected with the pumps 0 by pipes marked h, 7c, f, and e, as shown in the drawings in Fig. 1, are for backing the vessel.

The operation of backing the vessel is as follows: By turning the valves g" and g the water is diverted from pipes c and e and their respective connected outside motors D in the stern of the vessel, and is forced through pipes h and c and their respective connected outside motors in the bow of the vessel, and by turning the valves g and g the water is diverted from pipes f and h and their re spective connected inside motors in the stern of the vessel, and is forced through pipes f and 7c and their respective connectedinsidemotors in the bow of the vessel. The four stern-motors being thus cut off and the four bow-motors connected, the engine force is exerted upon the four bow-motors, backing the vessel accordingly.

The operation of steering or turning the vessel while in its backward movement is as follows: By properly adjusting the rudder, as aforesaid, and by turning the valves g and diverting the water from pipe f and its connected inside bow-motor into and through.

pipe f and its connected side or turning motor on the left side of the vessel at its bow end, the force is exerted therein, assisting the rudder in steering the vessel to the right, or by turning valve i and diverting the water from pipe 7L and its connected outside bowmotor into and through pipe h and its connected side or turning motor on the right side of the vessel at its bow end the force is exerted therein, assisting the rudder in steering the vessel to the left. By again turning the valves into their formerpositionsthe water is diverted through pipes f or 7L, as previously disconnected, into its connected motorD in the bow of the vessel, from which it is discharged, as aforesaid, thereby assisting the other bowmotors in backing the vessel. 13y turning the several valves g, g, g, and g and cutting off the four bow-motors I) the four stern-motors D are again brought into action in driving the vessel ahead.

All the pumps, pipes, pipe connections, valves, motors, and the tank used in this invention should be made from or lined with a non-corrosive substance to obviate any deteriorating effect produced by the chemical action of the salt or sea water upon corrosive metals.

Checkwalves it are placed in the inductionpipes (Z, as shown in Fig. 3. 'lheseinductionpipes connect the pumps G with the watertank II over the orifice \V in the bottom of the vessel G, as shown in Fig. (5, and supply the pumps C with water from the tank. The check-valves u will rise in the induction-pipes and allow the water to fill the said pipes and the pumps; but when the pumps are in action the pressure caused from forcing the water from the cylinders of the pumps into the eduction -pipes and motors will close the check-valves u against the pressure of the water in which the vessel floats. A pipe is connected with the top of the water-tank II to carry oi the air that would otherwise collect therein and leads to the outside water below the water-line to assist somewhat in the propulsive effect.

A rib or scoop X' is placed at or near the orifice "W, projecting from the bottom of the vessel, as shown in Fig. 6, to force the water into and through the orifice into the watertank II in the forward movement of the vessel. A grating or strainer X extends across the orifice \V to prevent extraneous matter from entering the water-tank, as is shown in Fig. 6.

\Vhen desirable, the infiow of water into the water-tank II can be stopped or shut oif by closing valve IV over the orifice IV, as is also shown in Fig. 6.

During the winter season, when the vessel is not in use, it may be desirable to drain the water from the motors and pipes to prevent freezing, which is done by closing nozzles a on the outside of the vessel by a stop-cock or other suitable device and closing orifice IV in the water-tank II by valve IV and by opening the draw cocks at, which are placed at the lowest points on the under side of the motors and all other parts to be drained.

In the interior of each of thc'motors at or near the nozzles thereof a small ring projection or shoulder 0 is provided, as shown in Fig. 5, for the purpose of forming a waterpacking inside of the motors to obviate the friction which the water would otherwise generate while moving under heavy pressure along the interior surface of the motors in the course of its ejection into the surrounding water through the eduction-nozzles CL.

Substantially, but not so satisfactorily, the same result in propelling avessel as is herein set forth and described could be produced by the use of pumps S, directly connected with the motors D, as arranged and shown in Fig. 5, and in case the pumps should be so used I would replace in the motors the water forced thereout from the water in which the vessel floats through and by the induction-pipes and valves 0', as shown in the drawings, in connection with a water-tank, orifice, strainer, rib or scoop, and valve, as shown in Fig. 6.

The induction-pipes may be connected with the motors either at their rear and enlarged ends, as herein described, or at their sides, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, as may be most convenient.

The motors, pipes, and cylinders of the pumps to be prepared for immediate and effective service should always be solidly full of water, as well at the end as at the beginning of each stroke, and to that end it is desirable that they should in all cases be placed in a vessel as much below its water-line as practicable.

Two additional turning or steering motors, one thereof on each side of the vessel near its stern end, may be used in connection with the bow turning or steering motors in steering, turning, or maneuvering the vessel, as found to be desirable.

I do not limit myself to the precise number and arrangement of the motors in a vessel, as shown in Fig. 1, nor to the construction of either the engine, pumps, plungers, induction-pipes, eduction-pipes, motors, and valves, and other parts of my invention, as herein described and shown in the drawings, but prefer using whatever is best adapted to fully carry out the principles thereof.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In the hereindescribed invention for the IIO propulsion of vessels by intermitting reactionary force, a reactionary Water-motor having its large end of an area proportionate with the force to be exerted, while the sides thereof converge to a nozzle at the opposite end, the large end being provided with an induction-pipe for the admission of Water under pressure to be discharged from the nozzle into the surrounding waterthat is, the water in which the vessel fioats-in pulsatory jets or currents for an impelling force.

2. In the herein-described invention for the propulsion of vessels, the combination of a reactionary water-motor, as described, for the propulsion of vessels by intermittent reactionary force, with the vessel and an engine and pump for forcing water into the motor in pulsating currents and intermittently discharging the same therefrom through its reduced nozzle into the surrounding water, whereby reactionary force is generated for propelling vessels.

3. In the herein-described invention for the propulsion of vessels, the reactionary watermotor solidly filled with water, as well at the end as at the beginning of each stroke of the engine and pump, having an induction-pipe leading thereto and a reduced eduction-nozzle therefrom, and a forcing device for forcing water into the motor to be discharged in pulsating currents therefrom through said eduction-nozzle into the surrounding water,

' for the purpose specified.

45. In the herein-described invention for the propulsion of vessels, tne reactionary watermotor having a conical form and provided with an eduction-nozzle at the small end thereof and an induction-pipe at the rear or enlarged end thereof, into which water is forced and therefrom discharged in pulsating currents through the eduction-nozzle, whereby a reactionary force is developed and exerted upon the rear or enlarged end of the motor for an impelling force.

5. In the herein-described invention for the propulsion of vessels, the combination of a reactionary water-motor which is kept solidly filled with water, at the end as at the beginning of each stroke of the engine and pump, having a conical form, and provided with an eduction-nozzle at the small end thereof and an induction-pipe at the rear or enlarged end thereof, into which water is forced in intermittent currents and intermittently discharged therefrom through the eductionnozzle, whereby a reactionary force is developed and exerted on the rear or enlarged end of the motor for an impelling force, with a forcing device for forcing the water into and out of the motor, as, described, and for the purpose specified.

G. In the herein-described invention for pro pelling vessels, a reactionary water-motor of substantially conicalform, having an inward ring projection or shoulder inside thereof at or near its eduction-nozzle to form a Waterpacking inside of the motor for the purpose of obviating the friction which the water would otherwise generate while moving un-' der heavy pressure along the interior surface of the motor during its discharge therefrom through its nozzle into the surrounding water.

7. In the herein-described invention for impelling vessels by reactionary force, the combination of the reactionary Water-motors, pumps, and eduction and induction pipes,with a water-supply tank: located at or near the bottom of the vessel and provided with an air-escape pipe leading from said tank to the outside water below the water-line of the vessel, substantially as described.

8. In the herein-described invention for impelling vessels by reactionary force, the combination of the engine, pumps, and the pipes connecting the pumps with the stern, bow, and side reactionary water-motors, and the controllin g-valvcs connecting said pumps and motors for diverting the water forced by the pumps through the pipes into the motors in the stern, bow, and sides of the vessel, respectively, and therefrom through their respective reduced nozzles into the surrounding water, as and for the purpose herein specified and set forth.

9. In the herein-described invention for propelling vessels, the combination of the vessel, engine, pump or pumps, reactionary water motor or motors, induction-pipes, eductionpipes, pipe-connections, nozzles, two-way valves, and induction-pipe check-valves connecting the water-tank with the pumps, with the tank in the bottom of the vessel, from which water is supplied to the pumps through the induction -pipes and forced by the pumps through the eduction-pipes into the water-motors and out of and from the motors through their reduced eduction-nozzles into the surrounding water, the orifice at the bottom of the vessel for the admission of water into the tank, the valve in the tank for shutting off its inflow of water, the strainer over the orifice to prevent extraneous matter from entering the tank, the rib or scoop projecting from the bottom of the vessel at or near the orifice to force the water into and through the orificeinto the tank in the forward movement of the vessel, the draw-cocks, and the ring projection or shoulder inside of the motors at or near the reduced nozzles thereof, and the tl11'llSt7b1OQkS, as specified,and as and for the purpose herein set forth.

JOHN SKETOl-ILEY MORTON.

\Vitnesses:

S. M. HAYWARD, EVERETT D. BARLOW.