US425763A - Thomas a - Google Patents
Thomas a Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US425763A US425763A US425763DA US425763A US 425763 A US425763 A US 425763A US 425763D A US425763D A US 425763DA US 425763 A US425763 A US 425763A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- brushes
- copper
- commutator
- bars
- dynamo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005267 amalgamation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001066 destructive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to produce commutator-s and brushes or other collectors for dynamo or magneto electric machines the surface contacts of which will have a very low resista nce, so as to reduce the spark to such a degree that it will not burn the commutators or brushes.
- This I accomplish by amalgamatin g the face of the commutator, and also the brushes, strips, wheels, or other devices used for collecting the electricity where they bear upon such commutator.
- the amalgamated surfaces have such an aflinity for each other that the resistance of the contact to the passage of the current is low and the spark is very much reduced.
- the commutator-bars and the brushes are made, as usual, of copper, which is preferred for its good conducting properties, and the surfaces are amalgamated directly with mercury; or (the preferred way) the commutatorbars and the brushes are faced with silver and afterward amalgamated.
- the drawing shows a comnmtator-eylinder A, upon which bear the brushes B B, said cylinder and brushes being amalgamated.
- My invention relates to commutators made up of conducting-bars separated by insulation, and here the result attained by amalgamation is different.
- sparking occurs as the brushes make and break circuit with the different bars, and the mercury performs the function of carrying off the spark heat by its vapor, thus saving the copper of the bars and brushes, for instead of copper vapor being carried off, which of course would effect the destruction of the copper, mecury vapor goes off and the mercury is readily renewed from time to time.
- My invention thus relates to a different construction, producing a different or additional result from that of Faraday.
Landscapes
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
T. A. EDISON. GOMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO ELEGTRIO MAGHINBS.
No. 425,763. v Patented Apr. 15, 1890.
WITNESSES INVENTOR /o 19 Jim 83. exouflw Wfi QM RSI/7:11 ml UNITED STATES THOMAS A. EDISON," OE
PATENT OFFICE.
MENLO PARK, NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE EDISON ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY, OF
NEIV YORK, N. Y.
COMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.
425,763, dated April 15, 1890.
Application filed November 15, 1881' Serial No. 45,868. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, of lWIenlo Park, in the county of MiddleseX and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Oommutators for D ynamo or Magneto Electric Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.
In the use of dynamo or magneto electric machines having commutators formed of copper bars and brushes, strips, wheels, or other collectors, also made of copper and bearing on the commutators, I have found that no matter how smooth the surfaces are made the resistance of the surface contact of the brushes on the commutators is considerable, and sparks are formed which in powerful machines, such as -I design to use in connection with my system of electrical distribution, are exceedingly large and keep increasing in size as the commutator is roughened by the destructive influence of the sparks. The great resistance of copper surfaces in contact I have found is due rather to a physical than a mechanical action of the metal.
The object of my invention is to produce commutator-s and brushes or other collectors for dynamo or magneto electric machines the surface contacts of which will have a very low resista nce, so as to reduce the spark to such a degree that it will not burn the commutators or brushes. This I accomplish by amalgamatin g the face of the commutator, and also the brushes, strips, wheels, or other devices used for collecting the electricity where they bear upon such commutator. The amalgamated surfaces have such an aflinity for each other that the resistance of the contact to the passage of the current is low and the spark is very much reduced.
The commutator-bars and the brushes are made, as usual, of copper, which is preferred for its good conducting properties, and the surfaces are amalgamated directly with mercury; or (the preferred way) the commutatorbars and the brushes are faced with silver and afterward amalgamated.
It is evident that the invention has equal advantages when the machine is used as an electro-dynamic motor.
The drawing shows a comnmtator-eylinder A, upon which bear the brushes B B, said cylinder and brushes being amalgamated.
I am aware of the description in Faradays Experimental Researches, pages 25 and 26,
of the amalgamation of a contact-spring rubbing on a continuous copper wheel. My invention, however, relates to commutators made up of conducting-bars separated by insulation, and here the result attained by amalgamation is different. In my construction sparking occurs as the brushes make and break circuit with the different bars, and the mercury performs the function of carrying off the spark heat by its vapor, thus saving the copper of the bars and brushes, for instead of copper vapor being carried off, which of course would effect the destruction of the copper, mecury vapor goes off and the mercury is readily renewed from time to time. My invention thus relates to a different construction, producing a different or additional result from that of Faraday.
\Vhat I claim isy In dynamo-electric machinery, the combination of a commutator composed of conducting-bars separated by insulation and brushes or cu rrent-collectors bearing thereon, the same having amalgamated contact-surfaces, substantially as set forth.
This specification signed and witnessed this 20th day of August, 1881.
TI'IOS. A. EDISON. Witnesses:
Ricm). N. DYER, H. W. SEELY.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US425763A true US425763A (en) | 1890-04-15 |
Family
ID=2494676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US425763D Expired - Lifetime US425763A (en) | Thomas a |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US425763A (en) |
-
0
- US US425763D patent/US425763A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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