US423862A - Dynamometer or power-scale - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I, 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. EMERSON. 'DYNAMOMETBR 0R POWER SCALE.

No. 423,862. Patented Mar. 18, 1890.:

3 Sheets-Sheet 2i (No Model.)

J. EMERSON.

DYNAMOMBTEB 0R POWER SCALE.

Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. EMERSON. DYNAMOMETER 0R POWER SCALE.

N0. 423,862. I Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.

JAMES EMERSON, OF VVILLIMANSETT, ASSIGNOR TO THE' EMERSON POWER SCALE COMPANY, OF FLORENCE, MASSACHUSETTS.

DYNAMOMETER OR POWER-SCALE.

SPECIFICATION fOrming part of Letters Patent No. 423,862, dated March 18, 1890.

Application filed August 15, 1889.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES EMERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVillimansett, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dynamometers or Power- Ecales, of which the following is a specificaion.

The present invention relates to dynamometers or power-scales which are adapted to be attached to the shaft of any machine, whereby, when the instrument is properly applied, the amount of power required to drive the machine to whichit is attached, or the amount of power that has been exerted in the driving of said machine, may be accurately determined and indicated, the object of the invention being to so improve the 0011- strnction of automatic power-weighing instruments of the class indicated-as to render them capable of being readily connected with the shaft or machine without change of conditions capable of affecting the power in transmission and of meeting sudden changes of power; of rendering them equally well applicable on shafts which rotate in both directions, and of otherwise increasing the ethciency and practicability of the dynamometer; and the invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, all substantially as will hereinafter more fully appear, and be set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the dynamometer, with parts thereof broken out and in vertical section. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the parts of the apparatus as seen at right angles to the driving-shaft, the shaft and hub and certain connecting-rods being shown in section on the line 2 2,indicated on the view Fig. 3, which is avertical sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 3 3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. at is a sectional-view illustrating a modified arrangement of some of the parts.

In the drawings, A represents the primary shaft for transmitting power from the steamengine or other dynamic means to and through the secondary shaft B, which is or may be the driving-shaft of a machine or a Serial No. 320,867. (No modelt) series of machines, parts of the dynamometer acting as a coupling between the said axially-arranged shafts A B, as will shortly appear.

The said dynamometer comprises, among other parts to be hereinafter mentioned or described, two hubs, one C of which is keyed or otherwise secured on the primary shaft A, and the other hub D is secured on the secand said disk F also havinga flange d, forming its outer rim and lying within theflange c of the disk E, the outer periphery of said flange d being slightly separated from the outer periphery of the flange 0.

Located in coincident radial lines intersecting the common axis of the shafts A B, and in a plane near the face of the disk F, are two levers G G, the inner ends of which lie near. the surface of the hub D, while the outer end portions thereof pass through and outwardly beyond the flange (I, being pivotally connected to said flange, as at 10, and into apertures 12 in the flange c on the disk E, and by the pins 13 connected thereto, it being noted that the inner arm of each lever is several times longer than the outer arm. To the inner ends of both of the said levers G are connected by the middles thereof two rods 6 e, which range in parallelism at right angles to said levers, and the ends of said rods 2 are connected to the shortarms f, which project radially from rocker-shafts H and about perpendicularly from the length of the said rods e, having bearings for their rolling motions in studs or ear pieces 14 14, affixed to the face of the disk F; or, in other words, there are two parallel rocker-shafts at opposite sides of the hub D, standing in lines parallel with and outside of said radiallyaligned levers G, each rocker-shaft having a short radial or crank arm f at each end, and to the corresponding end arms f on the opposing rocker-shafts the rods e are connected by their ends, said rods midway thereof being pinned to the ends of said levers G. The connection between each end of each rode with its respective arm f is by forming a slot 15 in the end of the rod and passing a pin 10 through the arm f and through said slot, it being noticed in Figs. 2 and 3 that when the dynamometer is not operating to indicate transmitted force the outer end walls of all of said slots 15 15 lie against their respective pins 16. Both of said rocker-shafts H H are provided intermediately thereof with radial arms 9 g, which are in a common plane coineident. with the axial line of the shafts A B, and said arms extend inwardly toward the hub D, and in lines oblique to the disk F and to both of said radial arms g g the extremities of connecting-rods 17 17 are secured, which by their other ends are connected to a power-indicating element, which in the present instance is comprised in a sleeve J, movable axially on a longitudinal extension of the hub D.

It will be apparent from the description of the construction hereinabove given that on the rotation of the shaft with any given or sufficient power before the disk F and shaft B will receive its rotation from the shaft A the levers G will be swung on their pivots 10 through the force exerted by shaft A on the flange 0 until the resistance to swing such levers G farther is equal that required to rotate the shaft B, when the said shafts A B will move in unison. If in running a greater resistance is placed on. the shaft B, the levers G will be swung more and farther out of their common radial alignment, while if the resistance becomes lessened the said levers will swing toward their common radial alignment. For instance, if the shaft and disk are rotated in the direction indicated by the arrows 2O 20, then,with reference to the particular position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, the upper rod 6 will be drawn to the left, its right-hand end working on the pin 16 of the upper arm f of the right-hand rock-shaft H, and the lower rod a will be drawn to the right, its left-hand end working on thepin 16 of the lower arm f of the other and left-hand rock-shaft H, the slots 15 in the left-hand end of the upper rod c and in the right-hand end of lower rod 6 permitting free movements of the said portions of such rods over the pins 16 of the adjacent and corresponding rocker-shaft arms f. Therefore on rotating the shaft A in the reverse direction from that indicated by the arrow 20 the levers G will be swung in the reverse directions to those indicated by the arrows 22, when the left-hand end of the upper rod 6 and the right-hand end of the lower rod 6 will draw on the upper left-hand and lower right-hand rock-shaft levers f, and in either the forward or backward rotation of the primary shaft A the rock-shafts II II will rollin directions to cause, through the connecting means described, the sleeve to move toward the disk F at all times of indicatingthe transmission of an increase of force from the primany to the secondary shaft,and to cause the sleeve to move awayfrom the disk at times of indicating the transmission of a decreasing force from the primary to the secondary shaft. Therefore it will be seen that the dynamometer is adapted to operate equally as well on a reversed as on a forward rotation of the primary shaft. Beyond the longitudinal extension of the hub D, on which is the sleeve J, is loosely placed a hollow hub K, from which are two pending brackets on m. Pivotally supported on the bracket m is an angular lever M, one fork-shaped arm 33 of which upwardly projects into an engagement with a split ring 0, encircling the sleeve J and held against axial movement thereof by the flanges 3 1 34 on said sleeve. The horizontally-extended arm 35 of said angular lever H is formed at its end 36 into a sector-gear which engages with a disk N, axially mounted on an arbor p on the bracket m, one portion of its periphery being formed with gear-teeth 37, with which the teeth on the part 36, comprising the sector on the said arm 35, may mesh. Rigidlyattaehed to said disk is an arm 2*, having a bulb near its end resembling a pendulum and terminating in an index-pointer 38. Moving as one with said horizontal arm 35 of the angular lever, but formed, preferably, separately therefrom, is another arm 39, to the outer end of which is pivotally connected a pendent rod P, the lower end of which is formed into a piston 40, that closely fits the interior wall of a dash-pot Q, which is to be filled with oil or other liquid, the said dash-pot being immovably supported from the bracket-extension 32. The provision of the piston and dash-pot serves to prevent sudden or violent movements of the arm 39 of the angular lever M, which constitutes the scale-beam, which sudden movements might otherwise be caused by sudden changes in the power applied or in the resistance occasioned by variations of work on a machine. Above the dash-pot the rod P is provided with a flange-rest 42, on which removable counterpoise-weights 4A 4-1 may be supported to modify the resistance exerted by the power through the primary shaft to the shaft B, necessary to affect to any given degree the indicating mechanism of the dynamometer now being described.

Supported between suitable portions of the brackets or the extensions thereof is an indicating-dial R, of quadrant form, the curve of which is generated from the pivotal point coincident with the arbor of the said disk, and on which the pendulum-rod swings, said quadrant dial being graduated or divided and subdivided in its length or a portion thereof, as shown, to indicate different amounts of force. \Vhile in the description hereinbefore given, in which the mechanism has been described in detail as in an arrangement thereof, rendering it applicable for use for indicating the transmission of power between two aligned shafts, it is not desired to be understood that i the invention is intended thereby to be limited to such an arrangement of the mechanism and to such particular manner of use; and in Fig. 4 is shown an arrangement of the essential parts of the dynamometer, wh ereby the instrument is rendered applicable for use for indicating the transmission of power to a shaft to be driven from andby a driving-pulley or a driving-gear which is supported on the driven shaft; and it will merely require an inspection of said view to show that the rim 0, overlying or adjacent to the rim d of the disk F, in lieu of being carried by a disk supported on a separate shaft from the shaft supporting the disk F, may as well be carried within or by the driving pulley or gear X, said rim 0 and the said driving-pulley being integrally formed. A

That I claim as my invention is 1. In a dynamometer, two rotatable frames or spiders arranged in proximity, a suitably-sup ported part-such, for instance, as the sleex e J-adapted for a longitudinal movement, a pairof diametrically-oppositelevers, each having a pivotal connection with both of said frames, two rocksh'afts supported on one of said frames, each rock-shaft having a crankarm more or less nearly in or parallel with the plane of rotation of said frames, and two shorter crank-arms extending therefrom at substantially right angles to said plane of .ro-

tation, transverse rods between and having slot-and-pin connections with the opposing pairs of said shorter crank-arms, substantially as described, and intermediately thereof connected to said levers, and connecting-rods between the longer crank-arms of the rock-shafts and said longitudinally-movable part, sub stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a dynamometer, two rotatable frames or spiders arranged in proximity, and one thereof provided with the hub D, the sleeve supported and adapted to slide longitudinally on said hub, a pair of diametrically-opposite levers G, each having a pivotal connection with both of said frames, two rock-shafts supported on one of said frames, each rock-shaft having a crank-arm more or less nearly in or parallel with the plane of rotation of said frames, and two shorter crank-arms extending therefrom at substantially right angles to said plane of rotation, transverse rods between and having slot-and-pin connections with the opposing pairs of said shorter crank-arms, substantially as described, and intermediately thereof connected to said levers G, and connecting-rodsbetween the longer crank-arms of the rockshafts and said sleeve; substantially as described.

3. In a dynamometer, two rotatable frames or spiders arranged in proximity, a suitably-supported part, as the sleeve J, adapted for longitudinal movement, a pair of levers each havmg a pivotal connection with both of said frames, two rock-shafts supported on one of said frames, each rock-shaft having a crankarm' more or less nearly in or parallel with the plane of rotation of said frames, and a crank-' arm extending therefrom at right angles to said plane of rotation, transverse rods connected to said latter-named crank-arms and to said levers, and connecting-rods between the first-named crank-arms and said movable part, substantially as described.

4. In a dynamometer, two disks side by side, one of which is of greater diameter than the other, each adapted to be attached to separate and axially-aligned shafts and each provided at its rim with a surounding flange, the flange of one disk lying within that of the other, a suitably-supported partsuch, for instance, as the sleeve J adapted for a longitudinal movement, a pair of diametricallyopposite levers G, each passing across and having a pivotal connection with the flanges of both of said disks, two rock-shafts supported on the face of one of' said disks, each rock-shaft having a crank-arm more or less nearly parallel with the face of the disk, and two shorter crank-arms extending therefrom at substantially right angles to-the face of said disk, traverse-rods between and having slot-and-pin connections with the opposing pairs of said shorter crank-arms, substantially as described, and intermediately thereof connected to said levers G, and connecting-rods between the longer crank-arms and said longitudinallymovable part, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

5. The combination of a dynamometer comprising a movable part therein-such, for i11- stance as the sleeve J -actuated and governed as to the extent, of its movements by the force in transmission from the one shaft to another, on which shafts said dynamometer is applied, substantially as described, a fixed dash-pot, a quadrant dial anda pendent pivoted pointer having on its arbor a sector gear and an angular -lever comprising the arm 33, which engages said movable sleeve, and the double arm 35 39, the former having'on its end a sector-gear engaging said pointer-sector, and the latter provided with the rod P and piston movable in said dashpot, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth. 7

6. The combination, with a dynamometer comprising therein the flanged sleeve, substantiall y as described, the quadrant dial, and the pendent pointer having on its arbor a sector-gear, of the separable ring encircling said flanged sleeve, and an angular lever, the one intermediately-pivoted arm 33 of which is bifurcated and embraces and is pivoted to said separable ring and the other arm 35 of which is provided with the sector-gear engaging the similar gear 011 said pendent pointer,

substantially as described.

JAMES EMERSON.

Witnesses:

H. A. CHAPIN, WM. S. BELLows.

ICC

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