US422618A

US422618A - Ventilated car

Info

Publication number: US422618A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 1907-03-04

Description

(No Model.) a sheets-sheet 2.

R. M. PANCOAST.-

VENTILATBD GAR.

Patented Mar. 4, 1890 Wz'irwss 66 a. M 547M740.

N. PETERS.- Fhclomwgnpher. Washinglon. u. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

R. M. VPANCOAST. VENTILATED GAR.

No. 422,618. Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

Ina/grief.

. by 711:6 UZZZWr-WS u. PETERS. FHoM-Uuwgnphar. Wnhingtom n.c.

' cowl.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD M. PANCOAST, OF CAMDEN, NEYV JERSEY.

VENTILATED CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,618, dated March 4, 1890.

Application filed September 28, 1889. Serial No. 325,359. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD M. PANOOAST, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of Camden, Camden county, State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Ventilated Cars, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates mainly to the ventilation of freight-cars used for carrying fruit, grain, or other products; but it will be understood that passenger-cars may be ventilated by my system.

The object of my invention is to construct a car for carrying fruit, vegetables, or grain, &c., in bulk or packages which will be so constructed as to thoroughly ventilate the fruit or grain, &c., the air being admit-ted throughor above the fruit, grain, &c., as fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a longitudinal section of my improved car. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view. Fig. 3 is a transverse view, partly in section, showing the false bottom applied. Fig. 4 is a transverse view, partly in section, showing the false bottom removed and. the car constructed to carry grain, 850., in bulk. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the inlet-cowl. Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views of the inlet- Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the outletcowl. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a modified form of inlet-cowl. Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the inlet-cowl as applied to the roof of a car. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the door portion of v a freight-car, showing the ventilating-passages continued through the door; and Fig. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of the same.

In constructing freight-cars for carrying vegetables or fruit, &c., in bulk or in packages it is necessary to ventilate the car thoroughly, so as to carry ofi the sweat, heat, &c., that is exhaled from the produce; otherwise portions of the load will show wilt and softrot. Cars have been constructed to overcome this difficnlty; but in the majority of cases the sun-rays and heat gain access to the interior of the car through the ventilating-open ings and dust and dirt pass into the car, thus destroying to a certain extent the fruit or car,'or at the grain-line.

produce and where grain or produce is packed in a car-in bulkthe cars have simply been ventilated by slat-work at the side or interior, or by screen-doors or exhaust-cowls at the top, which methods merely permit a haphazard ventilation of a portion of the space above the load, and 'do not insure a positive carrying off of the destructive e'xhalations from the produce. constructing the car in the manner which I will now proceed to describe, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which A is the body of the car, the frame-work of which is of the ordinary construction. The

outer shell of the car is made perfectly airnarrower than the airspace B, so that the air can pass freely around these braces.

As shown in Fig. 5, I prefer to construct the car with two inlet-openings in the shell (I, one inlet-opening 6 being near the bottom of the car, while the other opening f is about half-way between the bottom and top of the Each opening is provided with a door or damper, which can be opened or closed and secured in either position by any suitable devices now in common use. I have shown in the drawings the doors f and e hinged, but they can be entirely removed, if necessary, or the openings may be so fornted that the door of one opening can be removed and replaced in the other opening to close it; or where ventilation is not necessary-such ,as in cold weather or in passing through cold districts-both doors may .be closed, cutting off and preventing the circulation of air through the load. When the lower opening 6 is open, as usedfor fruits, &c., in packages, I provide a false floor D, composed of stringers g and slats 9, so as to allow the air to enter to the load below the I overcome these objections by false floor and pass through the openings formed by the slatted work and penetrate the boxes or baskets of fruit or produce; but where produce or grain in bulk is carried in the car the opening 6 is closed and the openingf opened and the false floor D removed, as it would be impossible to pass the air through the body of grain or small produce in bulk. Therefore the opening f, being on or slightly above the line of grain or produce, carries off the heat or moist air from the top of the grain.

Outlet-openings Z are formed preferably in the roof of the car, through which the air is exhausted, so that it will be seen that a constant circulation of air through the car is assured,whether in the case of produce or fruit in bulk, or whether it is in crates or baskets. In some cases large fruit or vegetables in bulk can be carried with the false floor, as the air can readily pass between the fruit and be exhausted from the top.

The inlet-cowl which I prefer to use is shown in Figs. 6, '7, 8,10, and 11 of the accompanying drawings and the outlet-cowl is clearly shown in Fig. 9. The inlet-cowl E, I prefer to place either along each side of the car directly under the caves of the roof or on the roof near the edge, as shown in Fig. ll. The cowl when situated under the caves of the roof communicates directly with the air-space B of the car. The inlet-cowl is provided with ribs m 011 its upper surface and ribs m on the inclined surface of the outer sides, so that any dripwater from the roof of the car will be prevented from entering the cowl, owing to the ribs, the ribs directing the water down the sides of the cowl and past the openin The inlet-openings of the cowl may be provided with a screen 5, as shown in Fig. 10, to prevent large cinders from entering the cowl and to break the force of the rain as it strikes the cowl. The bottom plate a of the cowl can be made guttered, as shown in Fig. 6, or flat, as shown in Fig. 10, and the gutter guard-plate a may be of different height to catch the dust and rain-water, and the cowl may be flanged at n to prevent the rain beating in at the sides. lVhere the cowl is mounted on the roof of the car, as shown in Fig. 11, the inclined bottom plate 41 extends down through the inner sheathing (Z of the car to the outer sheathing a, the opening 02. being formed in the outer sheathing to carry ofli the rain-water and dust. Lips on the bottom plate are turned slightly over, forming a dirt-separator to carry off rain-water and dirt and prevent either passing over the sides into the airspace.

The inlet-cowl E has sides 7:. 7c, flanged at 7t, so as to be readily secured to the car. The upper portion of the sides of the cowl are tapered, and in these tapered portions are out the inlet openings Z Z, and between these tapered portions is pivotally suspended the dcfleeting-plate L, pivoted at Z The cowl E has a hood composed of a top plate on and an inclined back plate m. The bottom a of the cowl is inclined toward the car, and at the bottom of the cowl is a dirt and water separating arrangement consisting of a trough or gutter n, with an outlet 02. for carrying off rain-water or dust that may gain access to the cowl. If, for instance, the car carrying the cowl is going in the direction of the arrowl, Figs. 6 and 10, the deflector-plate L will be forced over against the side 70, having the opening Z, and the air will rush in through the opening Z, as shown by the arrow 2, Figs. 6 and 10, and strike the deflector-plate and pass down through the air-space B into the body of the car. Should rain-water and dirt or heavy dust gain access to the cowl from its greater impact, being heavier than the clear air, it will strike the deflector-plate L or side 70 and flow down the inclined bottom plate n and out through the outlet-opening n Thus itwillbe impossible, owing to the peculiar construction of the cowl, for rain-water, dirt, or heavy dust to pass into the air-space and into the car. If

the ear is going in the reverse direction to that shown by the arrow 1 in Fig. 6, the deflectorplate L will swing over and close the opening Z, and the air will pass through the opening Z into the air-passage B.

The exhaust-cowls G,l place,p1.'eferably, near the center of the roof of the car, as shown in Fig. 3, and each cowl has tapered sides 1), and pivoted to the upper portion of the side plates is a hood II, having top plates h h, at the outer ends of which are lips h, which pass over lips (1 on the sides q of the cowl when the hood is forced into either of its extreme positions, so as to completely out off the access of rain or dust in the cowl. If the ear is moving in the direction of the arrow 1, Fig. 9, the force of air against the hood will move it to the position shown by dotted lines in said figure, causing the air to pass up and exhaust through the cowl, as shown by the arrow 3 in said figure. If the car is moving in the reverse direction, the hood will be reversed and the air will pass out.

I have shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings a number of inlet and exhaust cowls; but it will be understood that the size of the cowls an d the placing of them in position on the car will depend considerably on the construction of the car itself and the material with which it is loaded.

Each cowl maybe provided with a damper V, as shown in Figs. 7 and 11 and by dotted lines in Fig. 9, so that the air can be cut off entirely from entering or exhausting from the car when the atmosphere is too cold to admit of the free circulation of air through the car.

In place of using a damper in the inlet-cowl both the openings 6 and f may be closed, gaining the same result, with the exception that the air-space B will bea cold-air space instead of a comparatively warm space.

In place of the sliding door, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, hinge-doors may be used, as

shown in Figs. 12 and 13, having air-passages Z so that when the door is shut, as shown in Fig. 13, air can pass through the passages in the door from the inlet-cowl. Thus acirculation is obtained throughout the entire side of the car. Sliding doors may be also provided with air-passages, if required.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, ina car, of the air-space in the sides of the car with inlet-cowls communicating with said air-space, with an opening at or'near the bottom of the inner shell forming the air-space to allow the air to pass into the body of the car, with a perforated false floor on which the contents of the car are supported, an d with an outlet-cowl on the roof of the car and communicating with the interior of the car, so that air passing into the inletcowl will pass down the air-space and into the body of the car at the bottom,up through the contents, and out through the top of the car, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of the carhaving airspaces at the sides with an inlet-cowl at the top of the car communicating with said airspace, with openings in the inner wall or shell of the car, and with an outlet-opening communicating with an outlet-cowl, so that the circulation of air maybe had which will pass through the inlet-cowl, down the air-space at the side of the car, and into the car either through or above the load and out through the outlet-cowls, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in an inlet-cowl, of the tapered sides having inlet-openings therein with a pivoted deflecting-plate adapted to close one of said openings, with an inclined bottom plate and a gutter-way, and with an outlet-opening to allow the rain-water and dust to pass away from the cowl, substan- 4o tially as specified. 4. The combination,in an inlet-eowLof the hood portion, and the pivoted deflector in said portion with an inclined bottom plate passing into and through the air-space, and with flanges 71: on the bottom plate, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination, in a car having side air-passages with doors, of air-passages in said doors with cowls above said air-passages for directing air into said passages, and with outlets in said doorcommunicating with the interior of the car, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ofv two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD M. PANCOAST.

Witnesses:

' HENRY HowsoN,

HARRY SMITH.