US415569A

US415569A - schneider

Info

Publication number: US415569A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 1906-11-19

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. SCHNEIDER. l HYDRAULIC BRAKE FOR GHBGKING AND GONTROLLING THE REGOIL 0F ORDNANGE.

j l Patented Nov. 19, 1889.

/////////////////////l//ll// L er i Lump/VHS' I 2 sheets-sheet 2. l

(No Model.)

H. SCHNEIDER. HYDRAULIC BRAKE PoR GHEGKING AND GONTROLLING THE RBooIL 0F ORDNANGE.

Patented Nov. 19, 1889.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OEFIcE.

HENRI SCHNEIDER, oF LE oREUso'r, sAoNEET-.Lomn FRANCE,

HYDRAULIC BRAKE FOR Cl-IECKINGAND CONTRO'LLING THE lil-:COIL` 0F ORDNANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,569, dated November 19, 1889. A Applicationjled February 20, 1889. Serial No. 300,618. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRI SCHNEIDER,

manager of the firm Schneider & Cie., of LeI Creusot, (Sane-et-Loire,) in the Republic of France, have invented Improvements in Hydraulic Brakes for Checking or Controlling the Recoil of Ordnance, of which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to a hydraulic brake enabling the rate of recoil of ordnance to be checked or controlled in accordance with clearly-defined laws, whereby the strain upon the mount-ing is reduced to a minimum. The principle upon which the constructionv of this brake is based is as follows: A given quantity of liquid contained in a chamber is compressed by the recoil resulting from the discharge of the gun and escapes through a number of orilices, which are closed one after the other by the movement of the recoil. The forced escape of liquid through these orifices, which gradually diminish in number, opposes to the movement of the gun a resistance proportionate to the speed of recoil, the said resistance being dependent on the number and area of the orifices.

Figure l is a sectionalviews of one form lof my improved hydraulic brake for checking the recoil of ordnance. Fig. 2 is a\similar view of another form; and' Figs'. 3 to 7, inclusive, are corresponding views of various other fmodiied forms of my invention.

According to the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1, a liquid contained in a chamber or cavity connected to the carriage fills a tube B, in which -Works a piston A, rigidly connected to the stationary .frame or platform by its rod. The .tube B is perforated at in` tervals along a helical line, for example, with a certain number of oritices'o, the number and sectional area of the said orifices being determined by suitable calculations. At the moment when the recoil commences all the orifices are in front of the piston A, and the compressed liquid in the tube can escape through all the orifices; but in proportion as the cylinder moves backward the number of orifices open tothe liquid diminishes in front of the pistou, owing to the action of the recoil the total area of the outlet thus growing less and less. It" thus becomes possible by regulating the dimensions, number, and position of the orifices o to modify or control the rate or speed of recoil to any desired degree.

'hen the gun is run out in battery, the

'brake operates` in the same way-that is to say, the total section of the outlet, being considerable at the commencement, gradually diminishes to zero, if necessary, to deaden the shock of the carriage on the frame or platform. The pistonA and tube B thus constitute a very simple brake, opposing to the movement of the gun a resistance proportionate to the effect of the discharge. plitude of the recoil consequently remains the same for all angles of laying, the said amplitude being dependent solely on the area, nulnber, and position of the orifices 0. This brake in no way interferes with the handling of the gun in the operations of running in'or out, and it effectually prevents any sudden running in of the carriage.

In the foregoing example the tube is moved by the recoil and the piston is fixed; but this arrangement may be reversed in certain cases, the piston being movable and the tube stationary, thegresult being evidently thesame in either arrangement.

The am- It is not necessary for the tube B to be cylindrical. It may be of polygonal, elliptic, or other suitable form in transverse section, the vpiston being of course shaped to fit the interior of the tube.

Several similar brakes may be employed on the same mounting, being regularly arranged in horizontal, inclined, or even vertical positions. ish the effect o f concussions.

Fig. 2 represents a brake of the same kind in which the piston-rod acts by compression or with a thrusting action. In Fig. 3 the piston-rod acts with a pulling action. In these two examples the piston is provided with'a rod on one side only, and the apparatus con- -sequently takes up less room. As before,

these pistons may be stationary and the cyliuders or tubes movable.

Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 illustrate modifications in the construction of the brake; but the principle is the same.

In the arrangement'illustrated in Fig. 4 the tube B is dispensed with, the piston be- In the latter case they serve to dimin- IOO D is forced out by solid plungers E E, and. drives out a` compensating plunger F after.

passing through orifices o, formed in a hollow rod or plunger attached to the compensating plunger. The number of orifices open to the iow ofliquid decreases from the commencement of the movementl as they pass to the other side of a partition h, and the area of the passage for the escape of liquid Vis consequently contracted in the rrequired proporf 'lhe chambers or cavities D,which may tion. be of any suitable shape, simply require to be provided with tight-fitting guides or stuffingboxes for the passage of the plungers, and consequently require very little ttin g. Any

. desired number of compressors may be employed, being arranged in the most conven-` ient position, and they maybe fixed or movable, the chambers being movable or fixed accordingly.

Any suitable relation or proportion may exist between the compressorand the"compen sating plunger. The compensator maybe of annular form, as indicated in Fig. 6, or may partly inclose or surround the compressingplunger. pensator-tube B in transverse section isa multiple of the area of the plunger. Its stroke is consequently shorter, and it is guided on one hand by a stuffing-box L and on the other hand -on a stationary rod J. The liquid in the space between the rod J and the compressor A is compressed by the recoil, and escapes through the orifices o, which are gradually closed one after the other as the compressor enters the compensator. The area of the passage for vthe ow of liquid also decreases according to `the number, size, and positionv of the orifices and `in proportion to the speed of the recoil.

Fig. 7

is a modification of Vthe arrange- In this case the area of the comment illustrated in 4. A hollow plunger M, perforated with orifices o on its circumfer- .ence slides through a artition C se aratinfr 7 b p 5 D a chamber 'N from a chamber P, being attached to a rod a., for example. The liquid expelled from the chamber P ows through the oriii'ces'o, which pass in succession from one side of the partition C- to the other. The area of the passage for the escape. of the liquid is also diminished progressively and in accordance with the number, size, and position of. the orifices o.

I may apply my invention tofield, siege, port., battery, naval, turret, and other mounting for ordnance.

I may employ, according to circumstances, the arrangements illustrated in the annexed drawings, or such others as study and experience may suggest in accordance with the principle hereinbefore specified. I may also employ any suitable metals in the construction of the improved brakes, and may vary,l

the forms and dimensions of the accessory parts according to the eect to be produced. Any suitable liquid may be employed, but preferably a liquid or mixture not liable to congeal.

I claim as my invention- 4 v l. The combination of a piston of a hydraulic brake for controlling the recoil of ordnance with a chamber containing liquid to be compressed by the recoil of the gun, and a series of orifices for the escape of the liquid from such chamber, and means for closing the orifices one after the other by the movement of the recoil, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a piston with a chamber, one for connection to a gun and the other to a fixed point, and a chamber containing liquid and the piston and havinga series of discharge-orifices adapted to be closed one HENRI SCHNEIDER.

Nivitnesses:

CHARLES BRNoY,