US414506A - Churn - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

H. FELT.

GHURN.

No. 414,506. Patented Nov. 5, 1889".

UNITED STATES PATENT @einen HANNIBAL FELT, OF GALLATIN, TENNESSEE.

` CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,506, dated November 5, 1889.

Application filed March 8, 1.889. Serial No. 302,465, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HANNIBAL FELT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Gallatin,

in the county of Sumner and State of Tenact description of the invention, such ,as willV enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,`

and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in chui-ns; and it has for its object, primarily, to create a violent agitation of the cream and thus break up the molecules wit-hin a very short time; to provide for the secure fasten ing of the cover to the body of the churn by devices which will enable the cover to be easily and expeditiously removed, and to provide a novel driving mechanism for rotating the dasher.

The receptacle has two vertical straight abutments at diametrcally-opposite points and two inclined abutments intermediate of the vertical. straight abutments, and a vertical rotary dasher having its lateral faces inclined to deiiect the cream radially from the center of the body toward vertical abutments, and carrying two inclined win gs which are located on opposite sides of the body of t-he dasher and inclined in reverse directions to throw the cream upwardly and outwardly against the inclined abutments, whereby the cream is violently agitated, and is given a long range .of movement, which rapidly breaks up the molecules of the cream within a very short time. The driving mechanism of the churn is mounted on a central section of a threepart cover, said central section being extended at its ends beyond the body of the churn and having transverse recesses or grooves in 'its lower side into which is received the edges or"l the churn-body, At each end of the central through which tube passes the upper angular end of the flasher-staff, the lower end of the thimble being extended below the lower face of the cover and into the body of the churn to prevent the cream from being thrown out oi' the body through the aperture in the cover thereof when the cream is agitated. A casting is fixed exteriorly to the central section of thecover, and it has a vertical annular flange or rim which surrounds the upper end of the thimble, but is out of Contact laterally therewith to leave an intervening space between said fiange and the thimble7 into which space is iitted a depending hub or rim of a Vbevel-pinion. This bevel-pinion has a square central socket, through which passes the upper angular end of the dasherstai, and this pinion is supported by its depending hub and prevent-ed from lateral play and displacement by the dasher-shaft, the flange of the casting, and the upper extremity of the thimble. A master-gear meshes with the bevel-pinion to rotate the latter andthe dasher, and the shaft of said master-gear is journaled in a slotted frame or standard which is secured to the central member of the cover in such a manner that said frame and the master-gear can be adjusted toward the bevel-pinion to take up and compensate for wear between the mast-er gear and the bevel pinion which meshes therewith.

Lwill now proceed to describe my invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which= Figure l is a sectional elevation of my improved churn. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof with the cover removed. Fig. 3 is a detailed underside view of a part of the central member of the cover and the cam-lever for securing the latter in place. Fig. et is a detailed perspective view of one of the leg-receiving sockets and a part of a leg.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the embodiment of my invention I provide a receptacle A, which is preferably hexagonal in form and ot' the ordinary construction. Upon the inside this receptacle is provided at opposite points with straight vertical abutments d a', and at points between the vertical straight abutments, equidistant there from, I provide oblique abutments d2 a3, which IOG are inclined in reverse directions, these abutments being suitably fixed to the inside of the receptacle or body.

B is the dasher, which is centrally stepped or pivoted at its lower end in the receptacle A, and is bodily of diamond shape in crosssection, with its lateral faces or sides converging from a central point through its vertical axis" toward its outer vertical edges, as shown in Fig. 2. The dasher B is provided with wings or blades C C', which extend diagonally upward and stand outward from the body'of the dasher. on opposite sides of the body of the da'sher, and are inclined in reverse directions with relation to each other, the lower ends of the wings being liXed to the body and suitably -bracedto said body, as at b b. This construction of dasher effects, by means of said blades, thevthrowing of the cream or contents of the receptacle upward and outward against the ,ver-tical abutments as they (the blades) face or, come opposite the latter, and in like manner throw said cream or contents against the obligue or reversely-inclined abutments as -said wings or blade come opposite or face said oblique abutments. Mccntents,` instead of being thrown directly Thus the cream or against the sides of the receptacle, are given afcircuit'ous route or long range of movemenu its molecules thus receiving a maXi` 'mum breaking up action in a minimum spacaas also in the shortest possible amount of-time.

l rlhe receptacle A is provided with a lid or cover D, centrally through which passes and projects the Vdasher staff or shaft B. The cover D is-preferably formed in three sections,

the` middle or bar section d of which holds the dasher and its shajti n position, and this cen- .tral member ror section is clamped or held in place on the churn-receptacle A by means of cam-leyers E E, which are pivoted to the under side of the central section d, and are adapted to fit or take beneath socket-like angle-plates or brackets E E', which are fixed or bolted to the sides of the receptacle A at itsupper edge.

The brackets or angle-plates embrace and bear against the under side of the central member or section d, while against the under side ofmthe horizontal or socket portions of said brackets orplates are adapted to tit the inclined or cam portions of the levers E, thus securely retaining the central section of the cover in place. This construction and arrangement of levers and socket-plates also permits of the ready andvexpeditious removal of the cover and the dasher-driving mechanisms.

.l A vert-ical sleeve or thimble F passes centrally through the middle section or member of the cover, and this thimble has a bead f formed near itsupper edge or end, which bears or rests in a cavity f in the side walls of the Said wings are located oil from the flasher-operating gearing, presently referred to. I The upper end of the boX- ing or sleeve F thus forms the inner wall of the lubricant-receiving cup G and prevents the dripping or passing of 'the lubricant or oil into the churn. The cup-shaped casting G is suitably fastened or screwed to the crossbar cl, as shown, and it is arranged laterally of and out of contact with the upper eXtrem-ity of thel thimble.

By forming the oil-cup in two sections Iam enabled to secure a smooth bearing-surface on the inner face of the upwardly-projecting flange of the casting G without the necessity of having the casting turned or fitted, as would be necessary in casting the inner and ,outer walls of the cup integral, and at thesameftime keeping the width ot' the annular cup within suit-able limits. Y

The gearing `for operating the chu'rn-dasher consists of a vsmall beveled pinion 7i, having an angular 'or square socket for receivingthe upper end of the dasher-shaft B ,-and `this pinion meshes with the large beveled gear- 4wheel or master-gear H, which vis carried. by a horizontal vshaft h', Vthat Vis suitably supported upon a frame or standard I, and this shaft has applied to its outer extremity a handle or crank e'. has longitudinal slots z" vjin its lowery end, through which are passed the holding clamp screws or bolts 7' j. The slotsand screwspermit of the adjustment ofthe large gear-wheel or master-gear and its supporting-frame up tothe pinion to compensate for wear, '&.c. The inner ends or heads of the screws or bolts jj are let into countersinks or recesses j j to remove the same from contact withrthe cream or contents of the churn-receptacle.

Bracket-like castings or sockets J are also applied to thesides of the receptacle at its lower edge, eachsocket being secured through the projecting bottoni edge or iiange ofA the receptacle by a 'single bolt lo. The'scglegsockets J'haveat their lower or bottom edges inward-projecting ledges or lia'nges 7c', which take under the ybottom edges of the receptacle A, thus assisting the retention of `said sockets in place. rlhese sockets may also have passed through them, and entering the receptacle about opposite the union of its bottom with sides, screws, if desired. These sockets serve to receive lthe legs K, the latter being proximately do'vetailed in crosssec'tiom which fit between the correspondingfshapedV ange of the socket to prevent lateral dis= IOO The frame or lstandard I IIC IZO

placement of the legs. The upwardly-con verging leg-openings in the sockets .I are located on the side walls of the churn and obliquely to its vertical axis, and are preferably open at the top as well as at the bottom for the purpose of access to the upper ends of the legs when it is desired to release them. The legs have a gradual taper corresponding to the taper of the holes in the sockets and extending for a distance below the lower ends of the holes in the sockets, when the legs are at rst inserted, in order to provide for the self-tightening of the legs as they shrink.

Changes in the forni and proportion of parts and details of construction can be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing the advantages of my invention; and I would therefore have it understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details of construction herein shown and described as an embodiment of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A churn having its receptacle provided with straight vertical abutlnents at diametrically-opposite points and the oblique abutments intermediate of and equidistant from said straight abutments,in combination with a dasher having an approximately diamond shape in cross-section with its lateral or side faces converging from its vertical axis toward its edges, substantially7 as and for the purpose described.

2. In a churn, the combination of a receptacle having the straight vertical abutments at diametrically-opposite points and the oblique abutment-s intermediate of said vertical abutinents, and a vertical rotary dasher carrying two oblique wings which are arranged on opposite sides of the body of the dasher out of contact laterally therewith, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. In a churn, the combination of a receptacle having the straight vertical abutinents and the intermediate oblique abut-ments, and a vertical rot-ary dasher having the lateral faces thereof converging from the center toward the edges and carrying two oblique wings or blades which are fixed at their lower ends directly to the body of the dasher, said wings being located on opposite sides of the body of the dasher out of contact laterally therewith and inclined in opposite directions, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4:. In a churn, the combination, with a cover, of a vertical sleeve or thimble fixed to the cover and'having its lower end extended below the lower face of the cover into the body of the churn, for the purpose described, a cupshaped casting having an annular socket which is of greater diameter than the thimble to leave an intervening space between the wall of said socket and the thimblea dasherstaff passing through the thimble, and a drive-pinion having an extended hub which iits in thespace between 'the socket and'upper end of the thimble, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with a churn-cover, a dasher-shaft extending through the covcr,`and a pinion engaged with the shaft and provided with adepending annular flange spacedfrom the shaft, of a casting surrounding the shaft and provided with an uprising iiange back from the inner edge of the casting, and a thimble surrounding the shaft and provided with an expanded portion in immediate engagement with the inner edge of the casting, the thimble and casting forming a cupbearing to receive the iiange on the pinion, and the expanded portion of the thimble insuring a tight joint, substantially as set forth.

6. In a churn, the combination, with a receptacle having secured to its inner walls vertical and oblique abutinents alternating with one another, of a vertical rotary dasher carrying oblique wings secured to the opposite sides of the ybody of the dasher, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I ailix in y signature in presence of two witnesses.

HANNIBAL FELT.

Witnesses:

Jos. FoRREsT, H. I. BERNHARD.

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