US411783A - Governor for electro-dynamic machines - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. P. CARD. GOVERNOR FOR BLEGTRO DYNAMIC MACHINES.

No. 411,783. Patented Oct. '1, 1889.

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G. F. CARD. GOVERNOR FOR ELEOTRO DYNAMIC MACHINES.

No. 411,783. Patented Oct. 1, 1889.

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GEORGE F. CARD, OF COVINGTON. KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GEORGE F. CARI) MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OI-IIO.

GOVERNOR FOR ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,783, dated October 1, 1889.

Application filed February 1, 1889. Serial No. 298,318. (No model.)

T (0% whom it ntay concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. CARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at (lovington, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Governors for Electro- Dynamie Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings,

forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in governors for elcctro-dynamic machines arranged to automatically maintain a sensible uniform speed of armature rotation under I 5 changing loads, current forces, &c., and whose construction is further such as to promptly bring the armature to rest either upon its rotation dropping below a given range of velocities or upon adisablement of the centrifugal regulator.

My present invention is an improvement on the one shown and described in my pending application filed October 29, 1888, Serial No. 289,384.

2 5 My improved governor is applicable to that class of electric motors or dynamic machines in which a differential circuit is used to check or govern the motion of the machine caused by the direct circuit or windings. I11 the normal running condition of the machine this differential circuit is open and currentlcss ,and inert, but is capable of being automatically closed either by a speed of the armature in excess of the maximum velocity as signed to it or for which it is gaged, or by the opposite action of slowing down toward a stop, or also by the disorganization of the centrifugal mechanism of the governor itself. \Vhenever, from either cause named, said differential circuit becomes the path of a current, its reversely-directed windings tend to neutralize and, it maintained long enough, to even overpower the magnetism of the direct windings.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of my improved governor. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the motor-circuits, showing the differential field 5o magnet coil.

Like letters of reference indicate identical parts in all the figures.

Supported upon any suitable base X is a field-magnet having several pairs of cores w 10, arranged in any convenient manner, upon 5 5 which is wound the wire E of a normallyclosed circuit, which conveys the driving-circuit. Besides the direct-winding field-cores, one pair-say w in, Fig; 3-are wound in a reverse direction, with a comparatively-low resistance-wire as, which, with wire 00, forms a normally-open loop with the direct-winding wire, which when closed shunts part of the current in a direction opposite to the drivingcurrent. This shunt-circuit 0c .90 is known as the diitcrential circuit, the wire m conveying the current from the direct-winding wire at F through the pin II, insulated at I to the carbon C, and the wire .93 connected through the standard with the carbon D, and thence 7o wound in a reverse direction around one pair of the field-magnets and thence connecting with the dircct-winding wire at F.

A is a shaft revolved by abelt passing over the pulley B and over the driving-shaft of the 7 5 machine, so that the rotation of the shaft A always corresponds with the speed of the motor.

F is a centrifugal regulator hinged at the ends to the collars G i.

K is a spring, which tends to keep the regulator F in a collapsed condition.

On the collar G is a disk L, to which is fastened a ring or disk M, of some fibrous substance-such as wood, paper, or the like-or any convenientnon-conducting material.

C D are two carbons connected with the wires .9" a and which when brought together close the diiterential circuit. The carbon D is supported upon the standard D on the plate P. Sliding horizontally on the plate P is a smaller plate P ,held in place by the setscrew p. To this plate I is attached an arm N, on the outer end of which is pivoted near its center a lever B. To one end of this lever is attached the carbon C, held tightly by the set screw c. To give this lever a somewhat firm position, but yielding elastically to any pressure, the spring 0 is provided with the stop-pin 0, by which the position of the lever 10o can be adjusted and fixed. By the plate Pi and set-screw p the arm carrying the lever B is adjusted at any point desired to regulate the distance between the outer end of the lever and the disk M. If it is desired to give the motor a wide scope of velocity, the lever is moved farther from the disk. As the velocity of the machine increases to the maximum assigned to it, the centrifugal regulator F draws the collar G forward and with it the disks L and M, bringing the disk M against theouter end of the lever B, forcing the other end and the carbon 0 toward or against the carbon D, and closing the diiferentialcircuit, which at once neutralizes the direct current and reduces the speed of the motor. speed is reduced the regulator F collapses and moves the disk M back, and the spring 0 causes the lever to resume the position shown in Fig. 1, separating the carbons C D and again breaking the differential or neutralizing circuit.

By the construction and arrangement no metal surfaces are brought together to cause wearing or sparks, the motion of the lever is elastic, its action prompt, and the varying resistance peculiar to carbon makes the action of the governor very delicate and sure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is n 1. In a governor for an electro-dynamic machine or motor, the combination, with a dif- As this ferential .neutralizing circuit, of an elastically-pivoted lever and two carbon points for making or breaking the differential circuit, so arranged that a velocity of the machine beyond the maximum fixed moves the lever and closes the circuit through the carbon points until the velocity is reduced, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a governor for an electro-dynamic machine or motor provided with a difierential or neutralizing circuit, the carbons C D, one of which is stationary and the other attached to a lever B, said lever pivoted at or near its center and actuated by the regulator F to govern the speed of the machine, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

3. The lever B, elastically pivoted at or near its center, in the manner described, in combination with a centrifugal regulator operating to close the differential circuit at speeds above the maximum, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a governor for an electro-dynamic machine or motor provided with a differential or neutralizing circuit, the regulator F, in combination with the collar G and non-conducting disk M, and lever B, carrying the carbon C, substantially as and for the purpose described.

GEORGE F. CARD. Witnesses:

ARTHUR STEM, GEORGE HEIDMAN.

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