US411380A - Out-out - Google Patents
Out-out Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US411380A US411380A US411380DA US411380A US 411380 A US411380 A US 411380A US 411380D A US411380D A US 411380DA US 411380 A US411380 A US 411380A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- march
- lamp
- cut
- springs
- lamps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000538 Tail Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
Definitions
- This invention relates to cut-outs for electric lamps; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts, hereinafter fully described and claimed.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a series of three lamps provided with cutouts according to the present invention, and showing the center lamp cut out of circuit.
- Fig. 2 is a detail side view of one of the cntouts drawn to a larger scale.
- A are the lamps, which may be of any approved construction, connected to the linewire in the usual manner.
- Each cut-out consists of two opposed springs g g, depending from the lower part of each lamp and operatively included in the circuit. The lower ends of these springs are normally kept apart by the small solid body 5o f.
- This body f is composed ot a mixture of any sort of waxsuch as beeswax or paraftine-which melts at a low temperature and is a non-conductor of electricity. With the wax is mixed pulverized graphite or other 5 5 similar material in sufficient amount to permita very small current of electricity to pass through said composite body.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
F. G. A.
HELLER.`
GUT-OUT.
No. 411,380. Patented Sept. 1'7, 1889.
S14/vento@ y@ a m @X3i/humaan y Q7 @www N PETERS. Plwln-Llmugnpmr. wnmington. u. C.
UNITED STATES FRIEDRICH GUSTAV ADOLF HELLER,
OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS & I-IALSKE, OF SAME PLACE.
CUT-OUT.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,380, dated September 1'?, 1889.
Application tiled February 8, 1889. Serial No. 299,122. (No model.) Patented in Germany February 28, 1888, No. 45,682; in France March 9,1888,No.189,229; in Belgium March9,1888,No. 80,948; in Sweden March 9, 1888,1To.1,585; in Italy March 9, 1888, XXII, 28,131, XLV, 446, XXII, 24,509, XLVIII, 50; in Austria-Hungary March 9, 1888, No. 23,175, and
No. 40,224, and in Norway March 20,1888, No. 885.
To @ZZ whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, FRIEnEIcI-I GUsTAv ADOLE HELLER, engineer, a subject of the King of Saxony, residing at Berlin, in the 5 Kingdom of Prussia, and German Empire,
have invented certain new and useful improvements in self-acting short-circuits for electrical incandescent lamps arranged in series; and I do declare the following to be a Io full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures ot reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.
Letters Patent have been obtained for this invention as follows: in Germany, No. 45,682, dated February28, 1888; in France, No. 189,229, dated March 9, 1888; in Belgium, No. 80,948, dated March 9, 1888; `in Sweden, No. 1,585, dated March 9, 1888; in Norway, No. 885, dated March 20, 1888; in Italy, Reg. Gen. Vol. XXII, No. 28,181, Reg. Att. Vol. XLV, No. 416, and 2 5 Reg. Gen. Vol. XXII, No. 24,509, Reg. Att. Vol. XLVIII, No. 50, dated March 9, 1888, and in Austria-IiIungary, No. 28,17 5 and No. Lt0,224, dated March 9, 1888.
This invention relates to cut-outs for electric lamps; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts, hereinafter fully described and claimed.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of a series of three lamps provided with cutouts according to the present invention, and showing the center lamp cut out of circuit. Fig. 2 is a detail side view of one of the cntouts drawn to a larger scale.
A are the lamps, which may be of any approved construction, connected to the linewire in the usual manner.
The automatic short-circuiting shunt or cut-out is applied to each lamp, so that if any lamp should fail the current in the line-Wire will continue to pass through the remaining lamps. Each cut-out consists of two opposed springs g g, depending from the lower part of each lamp and operatively included in the circuit. The lower ends of these springs are normally kept apart by the small solid body 5o f. This body f is composed ot a mixture of any sort of waxsuch as beeswax or paraftine-which melts at a low temperature and is a non-conductor of electricity. With the wax is mixed pulverized graphite or other 5 5 similar material in sufficient amount to permita very small current of electricity to pass through said composite body. All the time the lamps are emittin glight the wax remains solid, but directly any lamp tails the whole current 6o passes through the springs g g and body f. The resistance of the particles of graphite causes the wax to soften and melt, and the two springs come together, as shown under the middle lamp in the drawings, and cut the said lamp out of the circuit. The materials set forth are preferred, because they will permit the body to m elt at a very low temperature and without any smell, and the failing lamp will be cut out without any loss of time. 7o
lVhat I claim is- An automatic electric short-circuiting shunt consisting ot opposed springs g g, connected to the line-wires upon opposite sides of alamp and depending from the bottom ot it, and the 7 5 non-metallic body f, interposed between the lower ends of the said springs and composed of wax and pulverized graphite, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In testimony whereof I aitix my signature in 8 presence of two witnesses.
FRIEDRICH GUSTAV ADOLF HELLER.
IVitnesses:
B. Roi, MARC M. RUTTEN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US411380A true US411380A (en) | 1889-09-17 |
Family
ID=2480314
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US411380D Expired - Lifetime US411380A (en) | Out-out |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US411380A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4647756A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1987-03-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrical resistance heating element with signal means to indicate first use |
-
0
- US US411380D patent/US411380A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4647756A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1987-03-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrical resistance heating element with signal means to indicate first use |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US411380A (en) | Out-out | |
US979155A (en) | Combined primary and secondary battery system. | |
US358309A (en) | George h | |
US529152A (en) | Electrical transformer | |
US520378A (en) | Edward a | |
US390481A (en) | William a | |
US707894A (en) | Automatic cut-out. | |
US341059A (en) | Electric-light system | |
US437272A (en) | wilking | |
US582721A (en) | Electrode | |
US601492A (en) | Automatic cut-out | |
US323182A (en) | Best available copx | |
US426057A (en) | Fuse-block | |
US400669A (en) | hammer | |
US417758A (en) | Automatic circuit closer | |
US354782A (en) | goedon | |
US740745A (en) | Electric cut-out. | |
US309454A (en) | Electric arc lamp | |
US402753A (en) | Osborn p | |
US524845A (en) | symmes | |
US500455A (en) | Alexander wurts | |
US782450A (en) | Electric controller. | |
US613046A (en) | Automatic leak or ground cut-out | |
US1713181A (en) | Switching system | |
US354466A (en) | Charles eschwei |