US408521A - Machine for finishing and ornamenting metal - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 8heets-Shet '1.

H. M. QUAIGKBNBUSH. MAGHINE FOB. FINISHING AND ORNAMENTING METAL.

No. 408,521.. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2..

I H. M. QUA'OK'ENBUSH, v MACHINE FOB FINISHING AND ORNAMBNTING MIMI.

No. 408,521. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

UNITED STATES f'PATENT YFFICE.

HENRY MARCUS QUAOKENBUSH, OF l-IERKIMER, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING ORNAMENTING META-L.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,521, datedAugust 6, 1889.

Application filed A il 12, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LHENRYMAROUS QUAOK- ENBUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Herkimer, in the county of I-Ierkimer and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Finishing and OrnamentingMetal, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the formation of ornamental heads, knobs, rings, bands, &c.,

upon metal screws, bolts, rods, bars, and stems, and particularly to the completion of the ornament by burnishing; and it consists in novel apparatus, hereinafter fully described, whereby either or both operations may be quickly and efficiently performed.

In its preferred form the apparatus coinprises both the cutting and the burnishing apparatus, and consists, essentially, of a rotary spindle carrying a chuck to hold, center, and rotate the rod or stem, a shiftable toolcarriage, a tool-post mounted upon said carriage and provided with a tool of the proper pattern to produce the ornament desired, and a second tool-post, also mounted upon the carriage and provided with a roll or rolls formed to correspond with the ornament produced upon the rod or stem, and serving by rolling pressure thereon to compress and burnish or polish the ornament cutloy the tool. It will be seen, however, that while the work may be expeditiously and advantageously performed by a machine such as I have just out lined, the cutting may be done in a separate lathe or machine and the burnishing or finishing done by means of the roller or rollers. It will also be seen that, instead of revolving the part to-be burnished, the roller or rollers may be carried by a rotary head and the part to be burnished may be held stationary, or both may be rotated, the only essential point in this regard being that there shall be relative travel of the surfaces in contact.

In. the drawings, Figure 1 represents my apparatus in a preferred form, suitable for forming knobs and ornaments on stair-rods, nut-picks, &c.; Fig. 2, a modification of the burnishing apparatus, showing the rollers carried in a rotary head; Fig. 3, a View of a machine with cutter and single roll suitable for finishing the heads of bolts, &c.

Referring first to Fig. 1, A indicates the bed; B, the head-stock of a lathe, and G a chuck carried by the lathe-spindle and serving to hold the rod or stem D, upon which the ornament is to be produced.

E indicates a slide movable upon the lathebed A in the direction of the length of the latter, and F a second slide movable upon the first at right angles to the length of the bed A. Screws, levers, or any of the usual and vwell-known appliances for shifting the slides E and F, jointly or independently, may be employed, though, if preferred, they may be moved by hand.

As shown in Fig. 1, the upper slide F carries two posts G and H, which are both adjustable in slots a in planes parallel with the axis of the lathe-spindle. Post G is the ordinary tool-post, and in it is mounted a cuttingtool I, having its cutting end of proper form to produce the precise form or figure desired. The post H carries two levers J and K, each furnished at the inner end with a roller L, of tempered steel. The rollers are grooved to conform to the design of the cutting-tool, and are designed by a rolling action and by due pressure to compress and burnish the ornament introduced between them, the rear ends of the levers J K being thrown apart to such extent as may be required by an adjustingscrew M or equivalent means. The rollers may of course be carried by slides and moved simultaneously toward or from each other by a right-and-left sorew-stem, as will be presently explained.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the rollers L are therein represented as carried by sliding blocks J K, which are the equivalents and take the place of the levers J K of Fig. 1, said blocks being carried, however, by a rotary head 0', which is mounted upon the lathe-spindle and takes the place of chuck 'C of Fig. 1. The chuck O is, under this arrangement, mounted upon the slide E and arranged in axial alignment with the lathe-spindle, so that a rod or stem clamped in the chuck shall be thereby centered relatively to the co-operating rollers L. Further adjustments, vertical and horizontal, may be provided for the chuck, if desired, under this arrangement of parts; but this is not ordinarily deemed necessary or desirable.

The operation is as follows: First referring to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the rod or stem to be ornamented is secured in chuck O, and the slide E is then moved to such position as will bring the cutting-tool opposite the point where the ornament is to be formed. The cutting-tool is then fed forward by the feed-screw or otherwise until the proper cut is made, whereupon the slide F is traversed in the opposite direction, thereby bringing the axes ofrollers L L into alignment with, but on opposite sides of, the axis of the rod or stem I). \Vhen so adjusted, the rollers are caused to approach each other by turning screw M, and as the stem rotates the slight inequalities of its surface are rolled down and burnished with great rapidity and ease, thereby securing a high finish and a smooth even surface. When the apparatus is made in the form shown in Fig. 2, the knob or ornament will preferably be cut in a separate lathe or machine, (though a rotary cutter could be applied to the lathe-spindle for this purpose.) The stem or knob, being duly cut or turned, will then be clamped in the chuck C and moved toward the lathe-head until the ornament comes to position between the rollers L, which will then be adjusted to bear with the requisite force upon the knob or ornament. The lathe-spindle will then be caused to rotate, and the rollers will perform their work in essentially the same way as under the c011- struction shown in Fig. 1, the rollers traveling in a circular path, while the rod or stem remains at rest.

In Fig. 3 I have represented a machine essentially the same as that in Fig. 1, except that a single roller is employed. Such a machine is designed to finish the heads of the bolts, screws, and the like, which do not admit of the convenient use of two rollers, because it is necessary for the roller to extend to or beyond the center.

It will be observed that the same principle is involved in all the forms illustrated, and variations of the apparatus may be made to suit different classes of work, the essential feature of the invention consisting in causing a smooth and hardened roller and the surface to be burnished to travel in rolling contact, the roller serving to flatten down, press out, and distribute the minute irregularities or projections of the metal and to fill up the scratches, tool-marks, and minute depressions. This action is wholly different from the 1011- gitudinal rolling of rods and bars, the rolling being circumferentially and the roller passing repeatedly over every portion of the surface to be burnished.

I have for many years employed in my business knurling-rollers for figuring the surface of metal rods, stems, &c.; but the action of such rolls is directly opposite to that of the smooth and polished rolls which I employ in the present machine; and therefore, while disclaiming the broad idea of ornamenting metal by means of metal rollers acting thereon with a circumferential rolling pressure,

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a metal-burnishingmachine, the combination of a work holder or support and a smooth burnishing-roller conforming to the contour of the portion to be burnished, the roller being free to rotate upon its own axis, and the work or the roller being arranged to travel about the axis of the work.

2. The herein-described apparatus for ornamenting metal, consisting of a rotary spindle provided with a chuck, a tool-carriage, a cutting-tool carried by said carriage, and a pair of levers, also carried thereby and provided with rollers, the tool and the rollers being fashioned to conform in shape and size to the ornament to be produced.

3. I11 a machine for ornamenting metahthe combination of a chuck, a cutting-tool of the required pattern, and a pair of compressing and burnishing rollers arranged to act on opposite sides of the ornament simultaneously, the cutting-tool and the rollers being carried by a common support and adapted to be moved one into and the otherout of operative position simultaneously, in whichever order desired.

4. I11 combination with a rotatable eh u ck or holder, a pair of compressing and bnrnishing rollers adjustable relatively thereto and to each other, and means, substantially such as shown, for forcing said rollers toward each other.

5. In a machine for ornamenting metal, the.

combination of post H, levers J K, pivotally supported thereon, rollers L, carried by said levers, and a screw M, or its equivalent, for forcing the rollers toward each other.

6. In a machine for ornamenting metal, the combination of a pattern-cutting tool and a pair of burnishing-rollers having circumferential grooves of a pattern corresponding to that of the cutting-tool, said cutting-tool and r'ollers being arranged to be brought into action alternately.

7. In a machine for ornamenting metal rods, stems, &c., the combination of a holder for the rod or stem, rollers for burnishing the same, and means, substantially such as described and shown," for causing a rolling contact between the rollers and the stem circumferentially.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

HENRY MARCUS QUACKENBUSII.

\Vitnesscs:

JOHN KERSHAW, OHAs. H. BURRILL.

IIO

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