US405609A - James seeson - Google Patents
James seeson Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US405609A US405609A US405609DA US405609A US 405609 A US405609 A US 405609A US 405609D A US405609D A US 405609DA US 405609 A US405609 A US 405609A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cup
- cylinder
- porous
- jar
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/24—Cells comprising two different electrolytes
Definitions
- My invention relates, especially, to primary batteries; and it consists in certain novelfeatures, as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed, the object being to produce a simpler, cheaper, and more effective device of this character than is now in ordinary use.
- A represents the containing-jar, which is preferably constructed of hard rubber, and is provided at its upper edge with a horizontally-arranged annular flange b, having a vertical ring d on its outer edge, the cover B being fitted to rest on said flange.
- a porous cup D Disposed within the containing-jar and supported on legs fthereis a porous cup D of the biscuit -porcelain or similar material.
- An annular gutter C is provided with legs g, resting on the bottom of the jar A, and is disposed around the cup D.
- the gutter C is adapted to contain free mercury, and disposed in said gutter there is a cylinder E of zinc, provided with apost and connector 7i, of the ordinary form, which projects through an opening in the cover B.
- ⁇ A porcelain cylinder H provided with perforations fi, is disposed within the cup D, a Spacey being left between said cylinder and cup.
- a similar cylinder K provided with perforations 7s, is disposed in the cup D within the cylinder H.
- a carbon cylinder M In the space between the cylinders H and K there is disposed a carbon cylinder M, provided on the side opposite the zine connector h with a ward from the arm Z through the cover B.
- porous cup P is disposed in the cup D within the perforated cylinder K, and inside said cup P is disposed a similar porous cup R.
- the cup R is filled with a solution of nitric acid q, and is surrounded by a solution of sulphuric acid r, contained in the cup P.
- the spacerL between the cup P and perforated cylinder K is filled with biehromate of potash.
- the outer chamber j between the walls of the porous cup D and the perforated cylinder H is fille-d with finely-broken carbon.
- Mercury fn is placed in the gutter C, whereby the zinc cylinder E may be continuously amalgamated or restored to its normal condition as its surface is destroyed by the action of the acid solution.
- a solution of sulphuric acid preferably seven parts of water to one of acid, is disposed in the containing-jar A.
- the bichromate in the space t is slowly dissolved by the acids in the inner cups, and as the stronger acid is disposed in the inner cup P and slowly percolates through the walls of the cups an equal strength of excitants is maintained until they are exhausted, and the durability of the battery is greatly. increased.
- the broken carbon being separated from the zinc plate only bythe walls of the porous cup D, internal resistance in the battery is reduced to a minimum and the voltage largely increased.
- My improved battery is especially designed for electric lighting, in which a powerful current is necessary.
- a powerful current is necessary.
- a current frequently causes sulphate of zinc to deposit on the zinc plate and porous cup, thus producing polarization.
- sulphate of zinc By mounting' the cup D and gutter C on legs, as described, a greater portion of the sulphate is thus allowed to deposit on the bottoms thereof, and the danger of polarization thereby greatly diminished.
Description
(No Modem GALVANIG BATTERY.
No. 405,609. Patented June 18, 1889.
UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.
JAMES SERSON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE POTTER- COMPTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF NET YORK, N. Y. l
GALVAN IC BATTERY.
SPECIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,609, dated June 18, 1889.
Application filed March 5, 1889. Serial No. 301,847. (No model.)
To @ZZ whom it may con-cern:
Be it known that I, JAMES SERsON, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electric Batteries, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which v said invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speci- .,ication, in which- Figure l is a top plan view of my improved battery, the cover being removed; and Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of the battery.
Like letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures of the drawings.
My invention relates, especially, to primary batteries; and it consists in certain novelfeatures, as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed, the object being to produce a simpler, cheaper, and more effective device of this character than is now in ordinary use.
In the drawings, A represents the containing-jar, which is preferably constructed of hard rubber, and is provided at its upper edge with a horizontally-arranged annular flange b, having a vertical ring d on its outer edge, the cover B being fitted to rest on said flange. Disposed within the containing-jar and supported on legs fthereis a porous cup D of the biscuit -porcelain or similar material. An annular gutter C is provided with legs g, resting on the bottom of the jar A, and is disposed around the cup D. The gutter C is adapted to contain free mercury, and disposed in said gutter there is a cylinder E of zinc, provided with apost and connector 7i, of the ordinary form, which projects through an opening in the cover B. `A porcelain cylinder H, provided with perforations fi, is disposed within the cup D, a Spacey being left between said cylinder and cup. A similar cylinder K, provided with perforations 7s, is disposed in the cup D within the cylinder H. In the space between the cylinders H and K there is disposed a carbon cylinder M, provided on the side opposite the zine connector h with a ward from the arm Z through the cover B. A
porous cup P is disposed in the cup D within the perforated cylinder K, and inside said cup P is disposed a similar porous cup R. The cup R is filled with a solution of nitric acid q, and is surrounded by a solution of sulphuric acid r, contained in the cup P. The spacerL between the cup P and perforated cylinder K is filled with biehromate of potash. The outer chamber j between the walls of the porous cup D and the perforated cylinder H is fille-d with finely-broken carbon. Mercury fn is placed in the gutter C, whereby the zinc cylinder E may be continuously amalgamated or restored to its normal condition as its surface is destroyed by the action of the acid solution. A solution of sulphuric acid, preferably seven parts of water to one of acid, is disposed in the containing-jar A.
By employing the broken carbon in the chamber j and connecting the same with the carbon cylinder between the movable foraminous cylinders H K, so that they will act conjointly to form the positive pole, it will be seen that a large surface of carbon is presented to the, action of the excitants from the inner porous cups R P, thereby preventing the strength of the battery from becoming impaired by the decomposition of the carbon, as the broken carbon serves to re-enforce the carbon plate, or vice versa. Moreover, by thus exposing an increased surface of carbon,it is found that a heavy ampere current results. The bichromate in the space t is slowly dissolved by the acids in the inner cups, and as the stronger acid is disposed in the inner cup P and slowly percolates through the walls of the cups an equal strength of excitants is maintained until they are exhausted, and the durability of the battery is greatly. increased. The broken carbon being separated from the zinc plate only bythe walls of the porous cup D, internal resistance in the battery is reduced to a minimum and the voltage largely increased.
My improved battery is especially designed for electric lighting, in which a powerful current is necessary. In batteries as ordinarily constructed such acurrent frequently causes sulphate of zinc to deposit on the zinc plate and porous cup, thus producing polarization. By mounting' the cup D and gutter C on legs, as described, a greater portion of the sulphate is thus allowed to deposit on the bottoms thereof, and the danger of polarization thereby greatly diminished.
Having thus explained my inventioinwhat l claim isl. In an electric battery of the character described, the combination of a containingjar, a porous cup supported on legs within said jar, two detachable foraminous cylinders within said cup, and a porous jar within said cylinders, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In an electric battery, the combination of a containing-jar, a porous cup supported on legs within said jar, a gutter for the Zinc pole disposed on legs around said cup, two foraminous cylinders within said cup, a porous cup within the inner cylinder, and a porous cup within said inner cup, all being arranged to operate substantially as described.
3. In an electric battery, the combination of a containing-jar provided with a cover, a porous cup in said jar provided with legs, a gutter surrounding said jar and containing mercury, said gutter having legs, a zinc cylinder in said gutter, an acid solution for said zinc, a perforated cylinder in said cup, broken carbon between said cup and cylinder, a perforated cylinder within said first cylinder, a carbon plate between said perforated cylinders, a porous cup Within the inner cylinder surrounded with bichromate of potash and containing sulphuric acid, and a porous cup immersed in said acid and containing nitric acid, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In an electric battery, the combination of a containing-jar, a porous cup supported on legs within said jar, twov perforated cylinders within said cup, and a carbon plate between said cylinders, substantially as described.
5. In an electric battery, the combination of a containingjar, a porous cup supported on legs within said jar, two perforated cylinf ders within said cup, an inner porous cup within the inner cylinder, and an innermost porous cup within the inner porous cup.
6. In an electric battery, the combination of a containing-jar, a porous cup therein, two perforated cylinders, one within the other and both within said cup,a carbon plate between said perforated cylinders, broken carbon between the outer perforated cylinder and said cup, and arms extending from the carbon plate into the space between the outer perforated cylinder and porous cup and connecting the carbon plate with* the broken carbon.
7. In an electric battery, the combination of the jar A, having the cover B, the porous cup D, provided with legs f, the gutter C, having legs g, and disposed around said cup, the zinc cylinder E in said gutter, the perforated cylinders H K, disposed within said cup, the carbon plate M between said cylinders, provided with an arm extending laterally from the plate and downwardly into the space between the outer perforated cylinder and said porous cup D, the porous cup P within thev cylinder K, an-d the porous cup R within the cup P, substantially as described.
8. In an electric battery, the combination of the jar A, provided with the cover B, the porous cup D, having legs f, the gutter C, containing free mercury and having legs g, the zinc M in said mercury, an acid solution for said zinc, the cylinders H K in said cup, the carbon plate M between said cylinders, and having an arm extending laterally from said carbon plate and downwardly into the space between the outer perforated cylinder and said porous cup D, broken carbon in said space, the porous cup P, containing sulphuric acid and surrounded by bichromate of potasl, and the porous cup R, containing nitric acid, substantially as described.
JAMES SERSON.
Witnesses:
O. M. SHAW, K. DURFEE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US405609A true US405609A (en) | 1889-06-18 |
Family
ID=2474557
Family Applications (1)
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US405609D Expired - Lifetime US405609A (en) | James seeson |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050278066A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-15 | Kevin Graves | Automated dispensing system and associated method of use |
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0
- US US405609D patent/US405609A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050278066A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-15 | Kevin Graves | Automated dispensing system and associated method of use |
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