US404783A - Regulator for electric motors - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. GARTNER. REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS. S

No. 404,783. Patented June 4, 1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOFR 4%. W (196 7611 Gav km):

BY ATTY'S.

N, PEYERS. Pncwumu n w, Wacbinglan, u. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shem; 2.

A. GARTNER. REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

No. 404,783. Patented June 4, 1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR:

KJLWM 4/. (lyl ed Gunmen N. PETERS. mmmmnwm. Wufingkm, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED GARTNER, OF NElVARK, NElV JERSEY.

REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

" SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,783, dated June 4, 1889.

Application filed June '7, 1888. Eerial No. 276,371. (No model.)

To aZZ 1072 0712, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFRED GARTNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulating Apparatus for Electric Motors, &c.; and I do hereby declare the following to be a .full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereomwhieh form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of regulating, governing,or indieatin g devices which are based on the application of centrifugal force as the controlling power, the objects of the invention being to secure a more sensitive device adapted to accommodate itself more quickly to the changes of speed, &c.,in the governing, regulating, or speed-indicating operations, to reduce the cost of construction, and also to reduce the number of parts and joints, whereby the device is rendered more durable and more easily kept in repair.

The invention consists in the improved governing, regulating, or speed-indicating device having the combinations and arrangements of parts thereof substantially as will. be hereinafter set forth, and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in each of the several figures, Figure l is a front elevation of my improved devieein connection with an electric motor, the said device serving as a speed-indicator only. Fig. 2 a similar view showing it in connection with a motor and serving as a governor and regulator. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the device as a speed-indicator, and Fig. a detail of the same as a governor or regulator. Fig. 5 is a face view of the governingspring, and Fig. (3 a detail view of a graduated shaft.

In said drawings, 0, indicates or represents a flexible strap or red, preferably flat, or approximately so, in cross-section, so that the same may give readily under the influence of centrifugal force. Said flexible strap or red is bent or given a hoop shape, or is made to ap )roxi1nate such a shape, so that the parts thereof may engage a revolving shaft to rcceive the motion thereof, as hereinafter described, and the other parts may lie at a distance from said shaft, and thus be brought more fully underthe influence of the centrifugal force. The said flexible strap or hoop a is fixed upon the rotary shaft (Z, or upon a collar or sleeve Z), moving therewith in any suitable manner, so that a movement will be imparted to said hoop in a direction around a diametric line thereof, the said diametric line being the center line of the shaft (7, as will be understood upon reference to the drawings.

\Vhen the said device is employed as a speed-indicator in connection with an elec' tric motor, or is in any other way employed with an electric machine, the said hoop is or may be insulated from the shaft where fixed thereon by means of an insulating-sleeve l), which may be interposed between the collar or sleeve l) and the rod (7, as clearly indicated in Fig. i. This said insulating-sleeve, which may be, and preferably is, of hard rubber, may be fitted tightly in place, and thus serve as a packing or frictional means for holding the strap a and collar Z) in a rigid or fixed relation to the shaft (7; but other means maybe employed to fix the collar 1) or the flexible strap to the rod.

The flexible hoop may, and preferably is, of one single piece of flexible metal; but it may be formed in two or more pieces-as, for example, it may be of a continuous piece without open joints; but I prefer to join or unite the two ends of a single strap either at the fixed collar or at a movable collar arranged at the opposite side of the hoop on the shaft (Z. The hoop or strap has resilient qualities adapted to enable the same to re turn automatically to a normal position when its movement around the diametrical center has terminated, the resilience of the metal tending to counteract the centrifugal force imparted by its movement.

0 indicates the movable collar, to which the strap is secured at a point thereon opposite that at which it is fixed to the shaft.

The sliding or movable collar, when the device is used upon an electric machine, maybe insulated, as at c. The resilient hoop being fixed on the shaft, as described, is given a hoop and shaft d, as will be evident.

more or less rapid movement on its diametric axis by means of the shaft cl. The centrifugal force, exerted especially where said hoop lies distant from said shaft, will tend to cause the parts of the hoop movable with relation to the shaft to approach the parts diametrically opposite fixed on said shaft, and this sliding movement of the hoop, or movement longitudinal with respect tothe shaft, is depended on to actuate the governing or controlling mechanism, or the mechanism for indicating the rate of speed in connection with a suitable scale.

For purposes of convenience and simplicity of construction I prefer to form .the graduation-marks on the shaft d, substantially as indicated in Fig. 6.

The shaft or spindle d, upon which the resilient strap revolves, may be secured on the shaft 8 of a motor or other mechanism in any suitable manneras, for example, by employinga coupling g, with or without set-screws i i, the movement of the shaft e being transtrol-the speed of an electric motor I provide a construction substantially as shown in Fig. 2, in which it h are metallic straps connected with the positive and negative poles of a battery, the positive pole being in electrical con nection with the shaft (Z and the negative pole beingin electrical connection with the collars b and c and hoop a, but insulated from the saidshaft d. Upon'the shaft cl is an adjustable collar is, arranged adjacent to the sliding collar 0,111 electrical connection. with said shaft.

In operation, as the sliding collar is drawn toward the fixed one by the separation of the outlying parts of the hoop, thesliding collar approaches the adjustable collar, and upon the shaft or spindle attaining an undesirably rapid rate of speed a contact is made, and the motor is thuscut off from the battery, the current then passing through the collars and The speed of the motor is thus retarded, and as a result the resilience of the spring-hoop overcomes the centrifugal forceand causes a separation of the collars c and k and breakage. of the direct circuit. When a greater centrifugal power is desired in connection with heavy machinery, I have provided for weighting the spring-strap a, as indicated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. Iprefer to make the weights (indicated at n n) adjustable, so as to provide for variations in temperature andthe lengthening and shortening of the strap and the consequent slight differences in governing, controlling, or indicating effects. By adjusting the weights at points nearer to or farther from the center of motion the centrifugal force will be diminished or increased, as will beevident. To

this end the weights and hoop are constructed .able collar is pushed by the" sliding collar,

and indicates on the scale or graduationmarks the number ofrevolutions of theshaft, as will be understood, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3. When-the spring relaxes, the adjust able sleeve or collar remains in position to indicate the speed of the, motor when the said adjustable sleeve was last in engagement with the movable collar 0. Upon inspection of Fig. 6 it will be observedthatthe graduation-marks vary in their distances from one another in accordance with the increasing resistance of thespring. .When the adjustable collar 10 is employed as an indicator, the same may be provided with a pointer l, to more perfectly disclose or indicate the mark which identifiesthe rate ofspeed.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is- 1. In an electrical speed-regulator, the combination of. a rotary shaft, an insulated collar, conductors j j a hoop fixedto said insulated collar and moving longitudinally on said shaft under the influence of centrifugal force, and a contact bearing adapted to engage the hoop and complete an electrical cir cuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In an electrical speed-regulator, the combination of a shaft (1, an insulated hoop a, and a collar 70, arranged on said shaft and adapted to. transmit the current from the said hoop to the shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In an electrical speed-regulator, the combination of an insulating-sleeve 1), arranged on a rotary shaft (1, a collar 1), arranged on said sleeve, a hoop fixed to said collar and to a sliding collar insulated, as at e, from said shaft, and a collar is, adapted to make a contact with said sliding collar, and conductors j j, connected with the shaft and collar 17, respectively, said parts being arranged and combined substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day of May, 1888.

ALFRED GARTNER.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, E, L. SHERMAN.

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