US403705A - taylor - Google Patents

Description

(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. TAYLOR.

LOCK

Patented May 21 188.9.

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W. H. TAYLOR.

LOOK

INVENTOR 119L074 Patented May 21 1889.

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' N4 PETERS, Pnowumo m mr. Washington. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE.

\VARREN II. TAYLOR, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE YALE dz TOIVNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,705, dated May 21, 1889. Application filed December 4, 1888; Serial No. 292,593. (Model) T0 to whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, XVARREN II. TAYLOR, of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to that class of combination-locks in which the combinations can be set or changed only by the use of the lockkeys. Hereto'fore in such locks the tumblers, which are each necessarily made in two parts, have to be separated in the ordinary use of the looks, as appears, for example, in United States Patent No. 370,183. The consequence is that wear takes place, which finally results in the relations of the parts of the tumblers being disturbed, so that they will not register perfectly and will not accomplish the objeets for which they are designed. This difcult-y is not incident to my lock, for the reason that in its ordinary use the parts of the tumblers do not separate, but always work altogether in engagement with one another, except when separated to change the combination, which only seldom occurs.

My invention consists in the organization of parts hereinafter described,and succinctly stated in my appended claims.

In order to illustrate my invention, I exhibit in the drawings an entire lock containing, of course, many parts that are old but necessary to be shown in order to exhibit the structure and operation of my improvements and their proper relations to ordinary lock mechanisms when applied to use.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is' 'a view of my improved lock, with the cap-plate removed, applied to a post-otfice-box door. This figure shows the two parts of the tumblers separated. Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the two parts of the tumblers engaged and the main-lock key turned into the position for unlocking. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the lock with the cap-plate in place. Fig. 5 isaview of the interior of the lock-case, with the working parts removed. Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the cap-plate. Fig. '7 is a view of a group of parts separated into nine divisions, so as to show them individually in perspective. Fig.

8 is a view of two different main-lock keys. Fig. 9 is a view of an auxiliary key. Fig. 10 is a central section on the line 1010 of one of the parts shown in Fig. '7. Fig. his a central section 011 the line 11 11 of one of the parts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion of the bottom part of the cap-plate. Fig. 13 is a sectional view showing that the lock-plate has entered the notch in the auxiliary key, so that the key cannot be withdrawn.

A indicates a lock-case and B a cap-plate. The case is provided with corner-lugs C C, to receive the cap-plate fastening-screws I) I). The case is also provided with a block, E, for containing the sliding bolt-rod F and its spring G, the rod being pivoted to the pivoted latchbolt H, as shown.

I indicates a cam-slide for the purpose of operating the fence K, and for communicating its motion to the bolt-rod F and latchbolt II.

L indicates the key-hub, and M the cam ongaging with the cam-slide I by means of a lug, N.

0 indicates pivoted spur-geared springtumblers of ordinary construction, adapted to be turned on theirpivots by the operation of the key.

P indicates the circular parts of the tumblers, which are provided with spurgearing, as usual in this class of tumblers, composed each of two different parts geared together.

Q indicates a spring operating upon the fence, tending to keep it out of engagement with the gatings R in the circular parts of the tumblers. The cap-plate of the lock is provided with lugs T U V W, for the purpose of bearing upon the internal movable parts of the lock and holding them in place.

All of the parts of the lock thus far mentioned are of usual construction and need not be further described.

Coming now to the peculiar parts of the lock that constitute my invention, it will be observed that the circular parts of the tumblers are mounted upon a carrier, X, which is actuated by a coiled spring, Y. .The carrier isin turn mounted upon an oscillating scat, Z, having an arm, (6, by which it is pivoted to the case at b. The seat is provided with a post, 0, which extends through the capplate and is provided with a thumb-nut, (1, serving as ahandle for oscillating the movable parts described below. The carrier is provided with a post, 6, which engages with the circular parts of the tumblers, and always tends to throw them around to the point where their gatings R are in alignment, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The seat Z is provided with a slotted keypost, f, to receive theauXiliary-lock key g.

h indicates a pivot-post rising from the center of the seat Z, and serving as the axis of the carrier and the circular parts of the tumblers. 1' indicates a covering-arm, which is pivoted at Z) and with the seat Z and post h constitutes what I may call a pivoted frame for oscillating the circular parts of the tumblers, the spring-carrier, the posts 0, and the slotted key-post f by means of the thumb nut cl.

75 indicates a slot in the cap-plate to permit the oscillation of the key-post. 70 indicates a key-slot in the cap-plate.

Z indicates a springdatch, which is pivoted to the cap-plate and engages by the action of its spring Z normally with one wall of the slot in the key-post, and thereby holds the keypost and the pivoted frame and its parts just above mentioned to one side, so that the teeth of the different parts of the tumblers are e11- gaged foroperation.

It will be observed that the key g is tapered at its end. This is for the purpose of pushing back and disengaging the latch Z from the key-post, which is done by the mere insertion of the key to place. Then (when the thumbnutd is loosened) the parts of the tumblers are no longer locked together; but the circular parts of the tumblers, the key-post, and all the parts carried by the pivoted frame mentioned can be moved to one side, so as to disengage the parts of the tumblers.

It will be observed, further, that the key g is notched at m. The result is that when the parts are pushed to one side, so that the tumbler-gears are disengaged, the edge of the cap-plate has entered this key-notch, as shown in Fig. 13, so that the key cannot be withdrawn. The object of this arrangement is that the auxiliary-lock key cannot be removed except when the gears of the parts of the tumblers are properly engaged, and all the lock mechanism is in position to be operated by the main-lock key or for turning the key-hub L.

Between the tumblers, for the purpose of separating them, I provide a thin furringplate, 0, secured in place by the tumbler-pivot p and the post h, as is usual in lock'mechanism. In my lock, however, in order to accommodate the oscillating movements of the pivoted frame above mentioned and the parts it carries, I provide a slot, (1, in the furringplate which receives the post h. The thumbnut rl,in addition to its function as a handle to move the post c to one side or the other in the slot r in the cap-plate, serves to hold the oscillating parts in place by being screwed down tightly against the cap-plate. I therefore have an additional means besides the spring-latch Z for locking the two parts of the tumblers together.

The operation of my improvements for the purpose of changing the combination is as follows: Suppose both of the keys to be out of the lock, and it was desired for some reason to change the combination of the look, so as to use a new main-lock key. The first thing to do would be to insert the auxiliary lockkey in its post and unscrew the thumb-nut cl. This would disengage the fastenings which hold the different parts of the tumblersin engagement. Then by pushing the thumbnut on one side the circular parts of the tumblers will be swung out of engagement with the spring-actuated parts. Then the circular parts are thus moved out of engagement with the spring-actuated parts, the action of the coiled spring Y, Fig. 10, revolves the carrier X and carries the circular parts around against the auxiliary key, which then acts as a stop until the gatings of the tumblers are all in line. The circular parts are then in proper position for re-engagement with the spring-actuated parts, which are operated by the main locking-key and which .are set to different combinations, according as one or another key is used, as hereinafter described. At the same time that the circular parts are moved out of engagement with the springactuated parts the latter will turn by force of their springs against the main-key hub, which serves as a stop for them whenever disengaged from their circular parts. Any desired main key can now be inserted, turned as if to unlock, and the parts of the tumblers again be engaged by oscillating them by means of the thumb-nut cl. The thumb-nut can then be screwed to place and the auxiliarylock key withdrawn, and the lock will be set and looked to a new combination. All this is the work of but a moment, and is so simple that no error can occur, because the auxiliarylock key cannot be withdrawn until a proper engagement of the tumblers on a new combination is effected, and the spring-actuated tumblers cannot be engaged with the circular tumblers until the main key has been turned in the direction for unlocking. The reason of this is that the springs throw the pivoted parts of the tumblers entirely out of position to engage with the circular parts until the main key has moved them into proper position. I thus provide a lock well adapted for post-ot'fice-box doors, and many other uses capable of a vast number of different combinations, depending upon the number of tum-- blers employed, which can be readily and quickly set for any given combination of the series, which is not exposed to wear in such a way as to derange the adjustment or registration of the parts of the tumblers, and which is simple and reliable in operation.

IIO

I have shown but two means of locking or fastening the parts of the tumblers together; but it is obvious that various fastening means might be employed, and my invention does not depend upon any particular means to be employed for the purpose. The main thing is to have the two parts of the tumblers securely held in engagement during all the ordinary uses of the lock, yet capable of being disengaged and separated whenever it is desirable to change the key and the combination for operating the lock. \Vhen the parts of the tumbler are separated, any main key which will fit the key-hub and is within the extensive number of combinations possible in its bittings, can be used to turn the springactuated parts of the tumblers, as in unlocking, when they will be in position for engagement with the teeth of the circular parts. After such engagement no key except the one used for changing the combination will unlock the lock.

It is not material to the principle of operation of my invention how or by what movement the two parts of the tumblers are separated, and although several tumblers are shown the principle of my invention would be exemplified by the use of a single tumbler in two separable parts.

\Vhat I claim as new is 1. In a changeable combination key lock, the combination of the main locking-key and the tumblers in parts geared together at all times except when the combination is to be changed, substantially as set forth.

2. In a changeable combination key lock having two-part tumblers, the combination, with a movable seat which supports one part of said tumblers, an auxiliary key which disengages one part of the tumbler or tumblers from the other, and a cap-plate through which said key passes, whereby said key cannot be removed from the lock until said parts are in engagement, substantially as described.

In a changeable combination key lock having two-part tumblers, the combination of an auxiliary key with the gated parts of the tumblers, and a spring-actuated carrier upon which said parts are mounted, whereby said parts when separated from the spring-actuated parts tend to move against said auxiliary key, acting as a stop until the gatings of said tumblers are brought in line, substantially as described.

l. The combination,with the circular parts of the tumblers, of a pivoted frame for supporting them, adapted to be swung to one side and the other, so as to engage and disengage the circular parts of the tumblers with the other parts, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the oscillating seat Z, the carrier, the circular parts of the tu1nblers, pivot-post h, the slotted key-post, the cap-plate, the thumb-nut (Z, and the springlateh l, substantially as set fOltlln (3. The combination, with the slotted keypost, of the cap-plate provided with the slots it 712', and the key g, tapered at its end, and notch on, substantially as set forth.

I11 testimony of all of which I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WARREN II. TAYLOR.

\Vitnessee:

SoHUYLER MERRITT, HOWARD L. UNDERHILL.

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