US403265A

US403265A - hareis

Info

Publication number: US403265A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 1906-05-14

Description

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. J.'HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR.

No. 403,265. Patented May 14, 1889.

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L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR.

Patented May 14, 1889. v

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(No Model.)

(No Model.) 12 Sheets- Sheet a.

L. J. HARRIS.

4 RAILWAY OAR. No. 403,265. Patented May 14, 1889.

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets--Sheet 4.

L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY OAR. No. 403.265. Patented May 14, 1889..-

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(No Model.) i 12 SheetsSheet 5.

L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR.

No. 403,265. Patented May 14, 1889;

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(No Modl.)

' 12 Sheets-Sheet 6. L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR.

Patented May 14, 1889.

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 7.

L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY CAR. No. 403,265. Patented May 14,1889.

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(No Model 12 Sheets-Sheet 8.

L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR. No. 403.265. Patented May 14', 1889. I

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 9.

L. 'J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR.

No. 403,265. Patented May 14, 1889.

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L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY OAR. No. 403,265. Patented May 14; 1889.

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(No Model.) I 12 Sheets- 8mm; 11.

.L. J; HARRIS. RAILWAY GAR. No. 408,265. Patented May 14, 1889-.

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 12. L. J. HARRIS.

RAILWAY GAR. No. 403,265. Patented May 14, 1889 1 HELZ P.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIE J. HARRIS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO ARTHUR WV. CROSSLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

RAILWAY-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,265, dated May 14, 1889.

Application filed April 18, 1888\ Serial No. 270,571. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern and when desired again lowered into said Be it known that I, LOUIE J. HARRIS, of storage-apartment. Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of My invention also consists in improvements Massachusetts, have invented certain new whereby the chairs are made readily attached and useful Improvements in Railway Cars or to and detachable from the floor of the car, so Coaches, of which the following is aspecificathat they can be secured in position for day tion. use, and removed and placed in the berth- It is the principal object of my invention storage apartments at night when the car is to provide such improvements in railway pasarranged as a sleeper.

Z0 senger cars or coaches as will result in the My invention also consistsin improvements 6c creation of an interchangeable chair or drawin the construction of passenger-cars or coaching-room car, perfect in all of its appointments bodies or body-frames whereby greater safety as sucl1,and a con1plete,convenient, and comand strength of structure is secured than has fortable sleeping-car. heretofore been achieved, and provision is at 15 It is also the object of my invention to prothe same time made for carrying out my other vide numerous improvements in railway pasimprovements. senger-cars incidental to carrying out the My invention also consists of various deforegoing, as also with a view to overcoming tails of construction, hereinafter more fully objections, defects, and discomforts found in described and pointed out.

20 existing cars. My invention will be described in connec- In the description of my invention hereintion with the accompanying drawings, and after given the various purposes had in view the letters and figures of reference marked in the working out of my improvements are thereon, forming a part of this specification, so fully and clearly set forth as to make a deand then particularly set forth in the claims.

2 5 tailed recital thereof unnecessary at the out- Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a side View of set of this specification. a railway passenger car or coach complete My invention consists, principally, in a constructed in accordance with my improvemodified construction of a car-body, whereby ments. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of the inapartments or wells are provided beneath terior of the car looking from near the middle 30 the floor of the car for the storage of both toward one end, the arrangement being that the upper and lower berths of the sleeper, of a drawing-room car or car for day use and so that the weight of the structure may be the chairs being shown as free upon or unsebrought as near as may be to the rails or cured to the floor. Fig.3 is aview similar to road-bed, thus avoiding the necessity of bal- Fig. 2, showing one side of the car as wholly 3 5 lasting the car, as is the case where one or and the other side as partially arranged as a more berths are supported by the sides or sleeper or for night use. Fig. 4 is a transdeck, thereby also giving full and unobverse sectional view of the car when arranged structed window-room to the car when the as a sleeper, the view being taken on a line same is employed as a chair or drawing-room running through the berths on one side, and

40 car. between the portions of the floor forming the My invention also consists in so constructpartition separating the sections on the other ing the floor of the car as that sections or porside, this view showing the structure of the tions thereof covering the berth-storage apartcar-body and the berths and their supporting ments or wells may be readily made to form and operating means, and also my improved 45 the partitions between the sections when means for heating and warming the car. Fig. 5 the car is arranged as a sleeper. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion My invention also consists in the provision of the car arranged as a sleeper, showing subof means whereby the berths may be raised stantially what is shown in Fig. 4, and also out of their storage-apartments into and be the manner of manipulating the portions of 50 supported in position between the partitions, the floor forming the partitions between the loo sections and the foot and head boards of the berths. Fig. 5 represents a curtain-supporting rod adapted. to be secured to the foot and head boards of the upper berth to support the curtains in front of the berth. Fig. (3 is a detail perspective and part-ially-sectional view, designed particularly to show the manner of raising a port-ion of the floor into position to serve as a part of the partition between two sections, and also the berth storage apartment beneath the floor, and the means for raising and lowering the berths and guiding them in such movements. Fig. 7 is a plan View of an empty berth and the means for raising and lowering and guiding the same in its movements, the frame and partitions being shown in section. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 0c 50 ofrFig. 7. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are detail views, drawn to an enlarged scale, of the gearing herein shown as a means for raising and lowering the berths. Fig. 12 is a view of the rack and guide con- .nected with the frame and partition and T- slide connected with the berth and adapted to co-operate with the rack and guide in the raising and lowering of the berth. Fig. 13 is a sectional detail showing the manner of hinging the portions of the floor designed to form the partitions to the body of the car. Fig. 1i is a sectional detail showing the manner in which the portion of the rack and guide on the floor-partition is made to coincide with that portion on the frame or body of the car. Figs. 15 and 16 are perspective details of the means employed in hinging the floor-partition to the car frame or body. Fig. 17 is a sectional view showing the manner of removably securing the chair to the floor of the car. Fig. 18 is a plan view of the plate flush with the floor, which is employed in removably securing the chair thereto. Fig. 19 is a sectional detail showing the means of locking the chair to the chaii plate. Fig. 20 is a diagrammatic plan view of the interior of a car with ten berth-sections, a stateroom, an observation-room, a kitchen, heater, closets, pantry, the. Fig. 21 is a diagrammatic plan View or" the framing of a car constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 22 is a side view of Fig. 21. Figs. 23 to 27, inclusive, are detail views hereinafter referred to.

Like letters of reference designate like parts in all of the views.

In the drawings, A designates the car or coach frame, which term for convenience in this description I have applied to the stationary parts of the car-body not otherwise particularly named.

B designates the side sills; (l, the intermediate sill; D, the center sill, and E E the end and cross sills.

F designates the floor proper of the car; G, the deck or roof; H, the window-posts; P, the platform, and 'l the trucks.

In carrying out my invention 1 have explained that I provide apartments or wells beneath the floor proper of the car for the storage of both berths during the day, or when the car is employed as a chair or drawingroom car, and for the reception of the chairs or other furniture and passengers baggage at night, or when ,the ear is arranged as a sleeper; and to provide for this I bring the intermediate sills, .C, somewhat nearer to the center sill, D, than heretofore, so that the space between the side sills, B, and'interme diate sills, C, shall be equal to the width of the ordinary berths; and to provide for sufficient depth of the berth-storage apartments or wells, I drop the floor F between the side and intermediate sills and tru chs T down fou rteen inches (more or less) lower than is now common in the construction of passenger cars or coaches, supporting this depressed portion of the floor by means of supplementary side sills, B, and intermediate sills, O, which are arranged, res 'iectively, under the side sills, '3, and intermediate sills, C, and extend between the truchs T T. I have not thoughtit necessary to show all of the various manners of trnssing employed in the structure, as these devices I have found can be variously arranged to serve the purposes for which they are designed. The supplemental side and intermediate sills are provided not only for the purpose of assisting me in carrying out my improvements, bu t for the purpose of strengthening the structure of the car and securing greater safety in the event of an accident as well, as will appear farther on in this specification.

In Fig. 20, by a diagram, I have shown my improved car as provided with ten bertlrsections-five on each side. The berths, as has been stated, are stored during the day, or when the car is being employed as a chair or drawing-room car, in the berth-storage apartments J beneath the floor, to gain access to which apartments 1 make the portion of the floor a over each section separate from the fixed portions of the floor or frame and in the form of a cover or door to the storage-apartment J, hinging one end of each of such floor-sections a to the fixed portions of the floor or frame A, so that when such floor-section a israised into horizontal position, as seen in Figs. 3, a, 5, 6, and 13, it will form a part of the partition between two berths, it being locked to a window-post, H, or the side or frame of the car by means of a rod or long bolt set into the upper or free end of the floor-section a, and provided with a thumb-catcl1,b, extending out through a slot, Z), Fig. (5. Any other suitable means may, however, be provided for locking the floor-sections in upright position and securing them to the window-posts.

It is important that the floor sections a should be so hinged to the fixed floor or frame as that when they are closed over the apartment J the upper side will be flush or level with the fixed portion of the floor, with a close joint between the latter and the sections a at the hinged point of said section, and when the latter are raised to vertical position the under surface will be flush with the inner surface of the end wall of the berth-storage apartment J, with which each is connected, as shown in Figs. 6 and 13. This end is accomplished by the peculiarly-constructed hinge shown in detail in Figs. 13 and 16, inclusive, which hinge will next be described.

0 c designate straps constructed to embrace the edge of the hinged section a of the floor and adapted to be secured thereto by means of bolts or screws, or other suitable means. Said straps are provided on their ends with lugs or projections 0', having holes or eyes 0 formed therein, through which passes a rod, cl, having bearings in lugs d, formed on the under side of an angle-plate, (1 secured in any suitable manner to the upper edge of the end wall of the berth-storage apartment or other part of the stationary frame. The angle-plate d is slotted at suitable intervals, so that the lugs c and straps 0 may pass therethrough and the hinged sections of the floor be moved from a horizontal to a vertical position. Furthermore, the edge of the hinged section, as also the ends of straps c, are given a concave form, as shown in Figs. 6, 13, and 15, in order to admit of the hinged section a when closed over the berth with its upper surface flush with other portions of the floor and fitting at its hinged point close against the end wall of the berth -storage apartment, being swung up to perpendicular position with its lower end resting on the end of said berth-apartment wall and the under side or face of section a flush with the face of said wall, as shown in Fig. 13.

To assist in raisingthe hingedsections a of the floor, I may coil springs 61 around the rods (1, securing one end of said springs to the hinge c of the straps c and the other end to said rods, and by means of a ratchet, (F, on the rod, and a pawl, (1 secured to the angle-plate (Z or other suitable means, so govern the stress or tension of said spring that its tendency will be to throw the free end of section a of the floor upward.

In order to form firm partitions between the berth-sections when the car is arranged as a sleeper, as also for the purpose of thoroughly protecting the berths from dust, &c., when stored in the apartment J, I provide a second covering or hinged section, a, which is constructed and arranged to close directly over the berths and to rest under section a when said sections are closed. Section at is hinged to the end wall of the berth-storage apartment J opposite the end or point at which section a is hinged thereto, the hinges of the two sections being similar in construction, and the means for securing section a to the window-posts, when said section is raised to perpendicular position, being like that described with reference to section a, or of any other suitable character. By this construction it will be seen that each partition between the berth-sections, when the car is arranged as a sleeper, will consist of two sections, at a, of the floor brought back to back, secured to the window posts or frame or side of the car, and with their lower edges resting on the upper edge or sides or end of the end walls of their respective berth-storage apartments, thus forming a firm partition, suitable for all of the requirements that maybe made of it.

As has already been explained, the berths are stored in the apartments J in the daytime, or when the car is arranged as a chair car, and are raised out therefrom and supported in proper position when the car is arranged as a sleeper. In raising and lowering the berths, guiding them in their movement, and locking them in position I may employ any one of the number of the mechanical contrivances used in my experiments, and for raising and lowering the berths I propose in some instances to employ compressed air or hydraulic pressure. The means herein shown are, however, effective and convenient of operation, and will serve to show how my invention can be carried out.

6 designates a rack-bar provided with a T- shaped groove, 6, two of which rack-bars are set into the hinged sections a a of the floor, so as to face the berth-section with which they co-operate when said hinged floor-sections are raised to vertical position for the purpose of forming partitions between the berth-see tions, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. The end walls of the berth-storage apartments J are also provided with sections of the rack-bars 6, so arranged as that when the hinged floor-sections a a are raised to vertical position said rack-bars will extend from or near the bottom of the berth-storage apartments J to or near to the top of the hinged floor-sections. Each berth consists of a suitable frame, f, of suitable size and form, for the reception of a mattress and the requisite bedclothing.

To the ends of the berth-frame f are suitably secured T-pieces 6 which are constructed to fit and move in the grooves e of the rack-bars e as the berths are raised and low ered.

g designates a rod or shaft extending along the front of each berth and supported in suitable bearings attached thereto, which rod is provided on its ends with bevel-gears g engaging like bevel-gears g on the forward end of rods 9 extending along the end of each berth and supported in a manner similar to rod g. The rods 9 are each provided with small gear-wheels 9 which engage with the racks e of rack-bar 6, so that if rod g should be revolved when the hinged floor-sections are raised the berths would be raised or lowered, as the case might be, through the medium of rod 9 gears g, 9 and g and rack-bar e, and be held in place and guided in their movements by means of the T-pieces 6 operating in the T-shaped grooves e of said rack-bars.

Various means may be provided for rotating rod g, that herein shown being a worm, h, secured to shaft 9, which engages a worm,

vIIO

h, on a short vertical shaft, 7L2, supported in suitable bearings in the bertlrframe f, and provided at its upper end with a suitable nipple for the reception of a crank, i, (see Fig. 27,) so that by applying and turning crank 2' shaft 9 may be revolved as desired.

In order to conveniently operate crank i and avoid such form of means as would interfere with and be objectionable in the berths, I provide an extension-rod, '2 which may be attached in any suitable way to a nipple or socket of vertical shaft 71 and the crank applied to the upper end of said extension-rod, and in order to raise and lower both berths at the same time and with a single operation extension-rod 'i maybe made to pass through shaft 71? of the upper berth in such manner as to have a spline and groove or similar connection therewith and be connected with the nipple of shaft 7L2 of the lower berth; or said shaft 7&2 of the two berths may be connected in any other suitable manner, so that by rotating one the other will be rotated thereby.

To operate vertical shaft 77. from the forward side of the berth, I provide the berthframe f at a suitable point with bearings for the hub of a bevel gear-wheel, j, which hub is provided 011 its forward end with a nipple,

j, or socket suitable for the reception of crank 2'. Gear-wheel 7' is constructed and arranged to engage a like gear-wheel, (See particularly Figs. 9, 10, and 11.) These means for permitting shaft g to be rotated by means of crank i, for the purpose of raising or lowering the berths, are particularly desirable and convenient after the berths have been raised out of their storage-apartments and it is wanted to operate one independent of the other.

As will be readily understood, no means are necessary with the cont-rivances described for locking the berths in position vertically, as the worms h h will hold them from running back or down, whatever may be the weight placed thereon.

In some instances I have provided the rear portions of the berth-frames f with T-pieces similar to the T-pieces c 011 the ends of said frames, which former T-pieces were arranged to run in grooves of bars similar to rackbars 6, set in the sides of the cars, for holding the berths from being displaced laterally by means of concussions, jars, or the swaying of the car, though any other suitable means may be employed for locking or connecting the sides of the berths with the sides of the car after said berths are raised to proper position.

It will be understood, of course, that the rods or shafts and gearing in and connected with the berth-frames will be suitably boxed in, so that the mattress and bedclothing shall not interfere therewith or be interfered with thereby.

In order to provide a foot and head board for each berth and further protect the berthclothing when stored in the apartment J, I hinge to the foot and head of each berthframe f a board, k, adapted to be folded down over the berth and its clothing, or be raised into vertical position against the hinged floor-sections a a when the berths are raised into proper position, as shown in Fig. 5, and so form convenient foot and head boards for each berth, besides constituting an extension of the partitions between the upper berths.

In order to provide for the automatic raising of the foot and headboards of the upper berth, said foot and head boards may be pro vided at their hinged ends with lugs 7a, adapted to extend into and move in the grooves of the rack-bars c and be brought at the proper time in contact with obstructions in said grooves, by which they will be turned upward and held. in position, as shown in Fig. 23.

The dotted lines in Fig. 5 serve to show how the hinged floor-sections and foot and head boards are manipulated or moved.

7c designates slotted extensions to the foot and head boards of the upper berth, formed to connect said foot and head boards with the deck of the car. These slotted extensions 7t may form an integral portion of the foot and head boards of the upper berth, or be removably connected therewith, or be connected with the deck of the car.

Z designates a slotted board or door hinged to the under side of the forward edge of the lower berth and adapted to be folded up thereunder when the said berth is lowered in its apartment J, or be let down when said berth is raised to proper position to close the opening to the apartment J under the berth, as shown in Fig. 5.

To provide for heating the cars in cold weather I may construct between the intermediate sills, C (3, and the center sill or sills, D, chambers m, running the entire length or a portion of the length of the car, in which chambers I arrange hotflair lines or steampipes 12, connected with any suitable steam or other heating apparatus, said chambers on communicating at suitable intervals with the interior of the car by means of registers o, air-inlets being constructed to admit fresh air to chambers m, to be heated by the lines or pipes or and sent into the car through the registers o.

Registers may also be provided between the chambers m and apartments J for the purpose of ventilating, warming, and keeping dry the berth-clothin g therein. The chambers m may also be employed in summer-time or during warm or hot weather for conveying cooled air to the interior of the car.

When the ear is arranged as a sleeper, the warm air passing in through the registers 0 may circulate in the car and pass out through the slatted extensions of the head and foot boards of the upper berth, thence through the ventilator p in the inner wall of the car,

between said walls, and up and out through the ventilator q in the deck of the car. The arrows in Figs. i and 5 serve to illustrate the manner of securing a thorough ventilation of the car.

The chambers m may be lined with asbestus or any other suitable material to prevent the radiation of heatcreated therein by the steam pipes or hot-air flues 'n, except through the floor and registers 0, and also for the purpose of deadening thesound caused by the running of the train; and for accomplishing this last-mentioned end the berth storage apartments J may be lined with asbestus or other suitable sound-deadening material, or be constructed substantially as the deadening-ceilings of sleeping-cars, as is now commonly done.

In order to make the chairs removable, to convert the car from a drawing-room car into a sleeper, and lock the chairs in place when the car is arranged for day use or as a drawing-room car, I have adopted various means, one of which is clearly shown in Figs. 4, 17, 18, and 19, in which 1' designates a plate secured to the hinged section a of the floor and provided with curved slots 1', enlarged at one end for the reception of the heads of bolts r secured to the base 1 of the chair standard or support W, the main portions of the slots r being sufficiently wide to permit the shanks of the bolts 1' to move therein.

8 designates a spindle or bolt constructed and arranged to have a limited vertical movement in the chair standard or support r, and provided on its lower end with a cross-piece, 8', adapted to pass through a slot, 0 in the plate r.

s designates a spring surrounding spindle or bolt 8 and constructed and arranged to press said spindle or bolt upward, a cross-pin, .9 extending through the upper end of said bolt and through slots formed in the support r, affording means whereby said bolt may be pressed downward against the stress of spring 5 The under side of plate 7' is provided with an inclined swell or projection, r, having a notch or recess, 7, as shown most clearly in Fig. 19, so that if the chair is placed ,in position on the plate r, so that the headed bolts r will pass through the enlarged portions of slots 1* and bolt or spindles is depressed so as to pass cross-piece 8 through slot 7*, the chair may be turned until crosspiece 8' snaps into the notch or recess 1 of swell or projection r which will hold the chair locked in position. To remove the chair, bolt 5 is depressed by means of crosspin 8 and the chair is turned back to its firstmentioned position, when it may be lifted out of place.

It is of course not essential that the chairs should be locked in place as has just been described, as ordinary and movable chairs may be employed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, in which case the plates 4' and their adjuncts need not be employed.

The curtains for the front of each bertl1= section may be hung on a rod, t, running along near and supported by the deck of the car, as usual; or a rod, t, like that shown in Fig. 5, may have its angular parts t passed into holes formed in the upper ends of the foot and head boards f of the upper berth and the curtains suspended from such rod; or a rod, 15 may be provided for each berth and each berth provided with independent curtains. In case the rods 25 are employed they may be made to bow outward away from the sides of the berths, and so give still greater room therein.

If desired, the under face of the hinged floor-sections a a may be paneled, as represented at the right in Fig. 3, in order to give them a finished appearance.

By arranging the hinged floor-sections back to back, as shown, and arranging the berths compactly between such hinged floor-sections, one section of berths is made to support and brace the other, so that when the car is arranged as a sleeper it is even firmer and stronger than when arranged for day use.

It is .to be observed that with my improvements a berth-section may be made up most expeditiously without in any way disturbing the occupants of any of the adjacent sections, and in case of sickness of a passenger, where it may be desirable to have the berth-section remain made up during the day, such thing can be done without inconvenience or discomfort to passengers occupying other sections of the car.

I have mentioned that in order to obtain sufficient depth or room for the berth storage apartments J, I drop the car-body between the trucks '1 about fourteen or sixteen inches lower than is usual in the construction of passengencarsthat is, I build a car-body below the main floor and between the trucks T, about fourteen inches, (more or less,) as illustrated most clearly in Figs. 1 and 22-and in carrying out this part of the invention I- employ the supplemental side and intermediate sills, B C, and the trussing and bracing therebetween, (see Fig. 22,) which not only gives me ample room for the construction of apartments J, which will receive the berths during the day and the chairs and passengers baggage at night, but at the same time provides such a firm framework between the trucks that in case of an accident one truck will be kept from. being forced upon or made to ride the other-a matter which in accidents that have occurred to passenger-trains has often added to the serious consequences thereof.

In Fig. 20 I have indicated by words and numbers as to how my improved car may be divided or apportioned so that it may completely answer the purposes for which it is intended, and particularly for excursions in which more than one night is taken up.

Figs. 21 and 22 are designed to show more particularly the means that may be employed to truss or brace the frame-work of the car.

It is to be noticed, particularly, that with my improvements it is not made necessary to obstruct or reduce the size of or close any of the windows of the car, and that the weight of the berths, particularly during the day, is brought as near as may be to the rails or road-bed, thus avoiding the top-heaviness of such structures as place one of the berths against the deck of the car, or one or both on the sides of the same.

The term berth herein employed is to be understood as meaning a device or contrivance constituting a bed and support for its equipments and occupant or occupants, and not merely the paraphernalia or clothing of a berth or bed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. A railway passenger car or coach provided on each side with a series of berthstorage apartments beneath the floor, removable coverings to each of said apartments forming the floor of the car, a berth in each of said apartments independent of the cover thereof, and means for lowering the berth into and raising it out of the storageapart ment, substantially as set forth.

2. A railway passenger car or coach havingthat portion of its body between the trucks extended or carried down therebetween, and

provided. on each side with a series of berthstorage apartments or wells in said downwardly-extendtxl portion and beneath the floor, removable coverings to each of said apartments, forming the floor of the car, a berth in each of said apartments independent of the cover thereof, and means for lowering the berth. into and raising it out from the storage-apartinent, substantially as set forth.

3. A railway passenger car or coach provided with lJGIilll'SlOlil-QG apartments beneath the iloor, removable sections of the lloor cov ering said apartment-s, constructed and arranged to be placed in vertical position between the berth-sections, to form partitions therebetween, and berths in said apartment-s adapted to be raised out of and lowered into said apartments, substantially as set forth.

a. A railway passenger car or coach having that portion of its body-between the trucks extended or carried down tlierebetween berthstorage apartments formed in said downwardly-extended portion, removable sections of the floor covering said apartments, constructed and arranged to be placed in vertical position between the berth-sections to form partitions therebetween, and berths in said apartments adapted to be raised out of and lowered into said apartments, substantially as set forth.

5. A railway passenger car or coach provided with berth-storage apartments beneath the floor, berths in said apartments adapted to be lowered therein and raised out therefrom, and removable sections of the floor hinged at one end. to the frame of the ear and adapted to be raised into vertical. position and secured to the stationary frame of the ear to form partitions between the berth-sections, substantially as set forth.

0. A railway passenger car or coach provided with berth-storage apartments beneath the floor, a berth stored in each of said apartments and adapted to be lowered into and raised out of said apartments and supported in position for occupancy, and gearing connected with the berth and engaging corresponding devices connected with the berthsupport for raising and lowering the same, substantially as set forth.

7. A railway passenger car or coach provided along the side with a series of storage apartments beneath the floor, and two removable sections of the floor covering each of said apartments, each hinged at one of its ends to the frame of the car and adapted to be raised into vertical position and secured to the stationary frame to form partitions at intervals in the car, substantially as set forth.

8. A railway passenger car or coach provided at the side with bertlrstorage apartments beneath the floor, partitions between said apartments, berths in said apartments, gearing connected with said apartments, a rack and guideway connected with said partitions, and means for operating said gearing to raise said berths out of and lower them into said apartments, substantially as set forth.

9. A railway passenger car or coach provided with berthstorage apartments beneath. the floor, partitions between said apartments, two berths in each of said apartments, gearing connected with each of said berths, devices, substantially as set forth, to connect said gearing to operate the same in unison, a rack and guideway connected with said partitions, and means for operating said gearing to raise said berths out of and lower them into said apartments, substantially as set forth.

10. A railway passenger car or coach provided with bertlnstorage apartments beneath the floor, two removable sections of the floor covering each of said apartments, each hinged at one of its ends to the frame of the car and adapted to be raised into vertical position and secured to the stationary frame to form partitions at intervals in the car, berths in said apartments adapted to be raised out therefrom and supported in position between said partitions, and foot and head boards hinged to the frames of said berths and adapted to be folded down thereover or raised against said partitions, substantially set forth,

11. A railway passenger car or coach pro vided with sleeping berths, foot and head boards hinged to the frames of said berths, and a curtain-supportin g rod removably connected with said foot and head boards, substantially as set forth.

152. A railway passenger car or coach provided with a series of berth-storage apartments on each side of the car beneath the floor, and chambers M, running longitudinally of the car between said berth-storage apartmeats, substantially as set forth.

13. In a railway passenger car or coach, the combination, with a sleeping-berth, of a board secured to the forward part of the berthframe and a lock or latch for locking or latching said board or door to the frame of the car,

whereby baggage, 850., may be locked beneath the berth, substantially as set forth.

14. A railway passenger car or coach provided with a berth-storage apartment coextensive with a berth-section beneath the floor, a complete berth and its equipment substantially coextensive with said apartment removably arranged therein, means for lowering the berth into and raising it out of the storage-apartment, and a section of the floor independent of said berth removably arranged over said apartment, substantially as set forth.

15. A railway passenger car or coach provided with a berth-storage apartment coextensive with a berth-section beneath the floor, a movable berth, with means for lowering the berth into and raising it out from said apartment and supporting it in position for occupancy, and a removable section of the floor independent of said berth, constructed and arranged to cover said apartment when the berth is stored therein, and to be removed to permit the berth to be moved therefrom, substantially as set forth.

16. A railway passenger car or coach having a body normally unobstructed, with a berth or berth-supports above the floor, and provided with a berth-storage apartment coextensive with a berth-section beneath the floor, movable upper and lower berths, with means for lowering the berths into and raising them out of the storage-apartment and supporting them in position of occupancy, and a removable section of the floor independent of said berths, constructed and arranged to cover the apartment when the berths are stored therein and be removed to permit the berths to be raised out therefrom, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 5th day of April, A. D. 1888.

LOUIE J. HARRIS.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY, HENRY MARSH.