US399549A - Testing and recording machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

T. OLSBN.

TESTING AND RBGURDING MACHINE.

No. 399,549. Paten-ted Mar. 12, 1889.

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N. PETERS Pham-lithograph. Washington. DJ).

(No Model.) '4 sheetssheet 2.

T. OLSBN. Y

TESTING AND RECORDING MACHINE. No. 399,549. Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

l i Q k2 QW (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. OLSEN.

TESTING AND RECORDING MACHINE. No. 399,549. Patented Mar. 12, 1899.

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(N0 MUdGL) N 4 Sheets--Sheet 4.

T. OLSEN.

TESTING AND RECORDING MAGHINB.

Patented Mam.v 12, 1889.

tiri'TTe STATES .Vini

PATENT 'llNllvS OTBE, OF PlllliAlEliPlllA, PESYLYlA.

TESTING AND RECORDING MACl'llhll.

SPEC'EICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,549, dated ira-roh l2, 1889.

Application filed June 2 8, 18 8 S.

lle it known thnt l, 'l`.INIUs()LsEN, n citizen of' the l'nited Etnies, and n residontot' Philn.- dolphin, Penns'vlvnnin, have invented eerlnin lnipi'oveinents in 'l'esti11g-i\ln.el1ines, ot' which the following' is n. speeitiezltion.

My invention relntes to eertnin improvenienls in the testing-ninehine Y["or which lietters Pntent were granted to ine on the lst dny oll June, ldt), No. 228,2lt.

One ohjeot ot' inyiinventitni is to reeord the ninount ot tension or Compression of the specinien throiie'h the medium ot' the fluid oontnined in n series ot Cylinders, n further ol)- jeot olf the invention being to niove the poise on the benin hy means ot' power outside the innehine, regulated hy electricity, n-nd a still i'urther object is to so fasten .the collars on the speeiinen thnt they will neeoininodnte th ins' .'l\'es to the (leerensingor increasing' dinineier ot' the speeinien as' pressure is npplied.

ln the nee(nnpnnying' drawings, Figure l is n ding'rnin view showing' A testing-nmehinein dotted lines, with in v iniljirovelnents in l'ull lines. .["ie: 2 is also n dingrnin view, drawn to nn enlnre'ed senle, showing' the hnr to be tested, the vnlve-ehest, :uid n side view of the recording devieeon the senle-henni. Fig. 3 is n seetion on the line l i?, Fig. 2, looking' in the direetion ol.' the nirrow. Fig. l isn plain view on the line i) J., Fie'. I. VFig'. 5 is :t section on the line 5 o, Fie'. il. Fig. (i is a view oi one oit the henriugr-eollnrs situated on the specimen, und Fig'. 7 is n. view ol n nimliiiention of pnrt. ol' the deviee.

l'lei'erring' to Fie'. l, A is the bose ofthe testing-machine, nud l the upriglits. l) the eross-hend to whieh the upper portion ot the specimen u is secured, und l/ is the niovohle eross-hend seen red to or noted upon hy screws. The lower portion ol" the speeiinen (L is seeured to this cross-head. e o nre the senleleversand l) is the seele-benin, its pivots d resting' in the stnndnrds (7.

The details olf construction or" the testing-` innehine nre l'nlly set Yforth in the pntent nhove referred to, and need not he Yinrther described.

Referring' to Figs. l, 2, 3, and l, Secured to the speeiinen n to he tested nre two collars, lil l, ol' n peenlinr eonstruetion, deserihed Serial No. 273,443. (No model.)

hereinafter. tlitunted hetween these two eollnrs nre two or inoro evlinders, F, nnd pistons and pistonfrodsf. i'itlnehed to nny eonvenient portion oli' the innehine is the vnlve-ehest G, having' openings y] g, :ind situnled nhove this ehest is n reservoir, ll. havingr n vnlve, 71., (.'oininunientine' with the vnlve-ehnniher G. A puinp, Y[for applyingl pressure to the liquid, is situated nt one side ol.' the V'hest, ns deserihed horeiinifter. 'ihe openings g eoininuniente with openinesf in the cylinders l through iuhes l', :ind it will he understood in the outset that one or two vlinders niny he used, two being` shown in Fig. 2 ot the drewings, or three or tour, or, in ii'nei, any nulnher of eylinders nitty be used, and. i'or this reason l have thoughtithest to illustrate the two extrnopenings in the valve-chest. 'lhe opening' g', in the present instnueo situated :it the bose ot' the Vnlve-(Zflmst, is eoinnion to nll the openings g; hut l provide valves e hetween eneh ot' the openings o und the opening` g', so that either one or other olf the openings niny he eut oil or turned on nl will h v simpl)- operai-line' the vnlve. :is elenrhv shown hvdotw ted lines in lfie'. 2. 'dounted on the senflebenin l) is :i cylinder. .l,hn\in' :in inlet-('pew ine',j,nnd this inlet-motoring eonlnninientes with the opening' rj through the medium oi' n flexible tulle, l", ns shown in Fiets. l :ind i. This o vlinder J is jrovided with n piston, J', and piston-rml J?. il weight, is eonneeied to one end oli the piston-rod .l h v n rope. oord, or ehnin, pns ne' over pulleys l."l lu. Se cured to the piston-rod .l'2 isn rnel, l, (shown inore elenrljv in Vies. 23 n nd 4,) whieh ineshes with n pinion, hf, loose on n spindle, K3, on which is nlso the enrd-enri'ier in the i'orni ot' n druin, l., provided with 'the usual reeordpnper. ln soine insinnees n hnnd innv he used, passing' over n pulleiY on the spindle lil), and lntvii'ig its ends secured to the piston-rml, this hand heine' the equivnlent ol.' the rnek nud pinion.

llel'ore proeeodinfg' turther witn the description ol? the appnrntns l will deserihe the operation of this portion ot' he innenine, whioh enuses the enrd-enrrier to revolve ns the tensionzil strnin or compression inermses. ll", tor instiinee, the siieeiinen o is toheiested :is to its tensionnl si. rengtlnthe two eollnrs lf. 1 nre elninped io the speeinufn. nnd the eylinders F are placed between the two collars, and points 5 on the ends of the cylinders and on the arms of the pistons, resting in recesses in the faces of the collars, keep the cylinders in a vertical position. Oil, water, or other fluid pumped into the cylinder .l from the reservoir H by the pump G,through the side passage shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, direct to the tube t", connecting with the cylinder J. \Vhen sufficient fluid has been forced into the cylinder J' to move the piston to its extreme limit, the valves e e of the tube /Z fi, communicating with the cylinders F F, are turned so as to form communication between the cylinder J and the cylinders F F, the pistons in the cylinders F F being at their extreme inward limit. Power is then applied to the testing-machine, causing the head o to travel away from the head Z). The specimen a is consequently stretched by the strain, and as the two collars E E are separated the liquid from the cylinder J, owing to the pressure of the weight Zt' through the medium ot' the piston J in said cylinder, causes the liquid to force the piston in the cylinder F out- `ward, and consequently enough pressure is exerted to keep the cylinder and piston-rods always in contact with the two collars. As soon as any portion of the fluid in the cylinder J linds its way to the cylinder F, the piston-rod .l2 is moved in thc direction ot the arrow, and with it the rack K, and it, engaging with the pinion on the drum-spindle K2, causes the drum to turn a certain distance7 depend-A ing upon the separation of the two collars E E The drum L is so secured to the pinion K Vthat when the record-paper is to be placed vupon or removed from the drum the drum is thrown out of gear with the pinion, and can then be turned without turning the pinion. This is accomplished by loosely mounting the pinion K on the fixed spindle K2 and securing to the hub ot' the pinion a tube, Zt". This tube Z# extends to near the end of the spindle K2, as shown, and a nut, Za, bears against the end ot the tube 7c" and presses the pinion K against a shoulder, Zt, on the Fixed spindle K2. It will be understood, however, that the spindle is stationary and the pinion and tube revolve when the pinion is moved by the rack K. Mounted loosely on the tube 764 are two collars, Zt and 797, the collar Zt bearing against the hub of the spider Z ot the drum L, the hub in turn bearing against a shoulder, Zt, on the hub of the pinion K. A tube, Z2, is situated between the spider Z and the collar Zt, and back of the spider Z is a nut, Z3, which is ,adapted to a thread on the collar 7c?. By moving this nut one way or the other the drum is either clamped or released from the pinion, as the nut forces the hub of the spider Z against the shoulder on the hub of the pinion K through the medium of the spider Z', tube Z2, and collar Zt Then the amount of compression is to be tested, the fluid is pumped into the cylinders F F, instead of the cylinder J, as above, and

the operation is then reversed. Situated in the present instance above the scale-beam D is a screw, M, mounted in bearings m on 911.2 on the beam. Said screw M passes thrmigh a balance-weight M', as shown in Fig. l, which slides upon the beam l). is graduated. The thread of the screw between the bearings 071r 7m. is very line, while the thread of the screw between the bearing 0n and the bearing m2 at the outer end of the beam is comparatively coarse, so that while t-he balance-weight is acted upon by the coarse portion of the screw the pencil-carrier N is acted upon by the line portion ot' the screw.

The pencil-carrier N is mounted in suitable guideways, D, its inner end being threaded, as shown in Fig. 5, and bearing against the iine portion of the screw M, and it carries at its outer end a pivoted arm, N', to which is attached the pencil n, which is arranged radially in respect to the drum L, so that when the drum is rotated and the pencil moved loi'lgitudinally the desired line will be marked upon the paper on the drum. The arm N is adjustable toward and from the drum, and is secured in either position. by a spring-plate, N2, having two pins, n n?, adapted to enter an opening' in the side ot' the arm. The arm N is provided with a linger, n, which, when the arm N is moved downward, will press against the edge of the guideway D', and will consequently Yforce the carrier out of gear with the screw M, the pin `H2 locking the arm N and the carrier in this position. Y

In the guideway D is a bar, l)2,supported at each end by springs (Z2, Fig. 5, a roller, n4, on the carrier N, traveling on the bar D2, and the bar and spring keeping the teeth of the carrier always in gear with the screw, except when forced out by the linger n on the arm N', the springs thus giving an even pressure at all times upon the carrier.

The screw, by mechanism described hereinat'ter, can be revolved either to the right orto the left, or can remain stationary, depending altogether upon the powerexerted upon the specimen a, as it will be remembered that the screw registers the amount et' power exerted when tension or compression is applied to the specimen.

On the inner end oi. the screw-shaft is a wheel, P, having a groove, p, in one face near the periphery. This groove has two bearingfaces, p, and in the groove rests a small roller, q, on a shaft, Q, connected to a shaft, Q', through the medium of a universal coupling-shaft, Q. The shaft Q is mounted in a bearing, R, on the beam, and is provided with a belt-wheel, q', preferably on the same line as the pivot CZ of the scale-beam, so that when the driving-belt is applied to this belt-wheel g the power exerted on the driving-belt will not affect in any degree the scale-beam.

The shaft Q is mounted in a bearing, s, on one arm, s, ot a lever, S, pivoted at s2 to a The beam l) IOO IIO

bracket, R', secured to the guideway D on at its outer end an armature, t, situated between two pairs of magnets, T T', secured to the beam by a frame, U, in any suitable manner.

l prefer to secure springs t* u to each side of the armz'tture and at their opposite ends to the frame l'. These springs tend to keep the armature always in a central position in respect to the magnets T so that the roller q, when in its normal position, will always be centrally situated in the groove l), free from contact with either of the faces p p. lVhen the armature is in the central position, the screw will not be revolved, and the poise and pencil will consequently remain stationary.

In the present instance at the outer end of the scale-beam, as shown in Fig. l, are contact-points c x', and on a bracket, A, is a yoke, A2, on which are contact-points .2' .2". A wire, 2, is connected to the contacts x on the beam D and passes to the battery, and through the battery to each of the magnets T T ,while a wire, 3, connects with the contact-point .2' to the pair of magnets T, and a wire, i, connects the 'contact-point .2" with the pair of magnets T.

lt will be seen that when sufficient power is exerted to `move the beam so that the points t and ,2' come in contact the magnet T attracts the armature I", and consequently the arm s of the lever S is moved in the direction of its arrow in Fig. 5 and the arm s moved in the direction ot' its arrow, and consequently the roller will bear against the suri face p of the wheel l) and move thepoise l'orward on the bean'i, at the same time moving the },)encil-holder forward; but as soon as the poise balances or overbalanees the weight the beam will drop and the contact will be tract the armature and move the lever S in a l direction the reverse of that indicated by the g l l arrows and cause the roller q to press against 2 ihesurtacep2 ot' the wheel P and reverse the movement of the pencil and poise. Thus it will be seen that the poise is automatically moved on the beam and always balances the 2 ton, and a communication between the two i cylinders, with a valve-chest, ctnnmunieatmgload. A. switch maybe inserted at. the point 5 to throw one or both of the magnets out of action.

As before remarked, the collars E E on the specimen aceonnm)date themselves to thedit'- tering diameter ot' the specimen as strain is applied. The collars are constructed follows: ln the present instance, (referring to Fig. 15,) the collar is provided with tour pockets, though it will be understood that any number of pockets may be employed. Two ol' these pockets have blocks V Y, on one end ol' which are anti-friction rollers u u. These blocks V Y are backedvby suitable springs, Y, in order tolreep the rollers in contact at all times with the specimen. The other two pockets have blocks lV, provided with steel points lr, which are forced into the specimen. lnto an orifice in the block is tapped the screw-stem of a spindle, lV', and beneath a head on this spindle and the casing is a spring, n", which tends to press the pin 1r against the specimen. The pressure of the springs may be varied by turning the spindle lV', which is provided with a suitable handle for that purpose. 'lhus it will be seen that as the diameter of the specimen decreases or increases the points u' will always accommodate themselves to the specimen.

In some instances I dispense with the driving-shaft Q and connecting-rod Q2, and attach directly to the shaft Q a flexible shaft, Qi", as shown in Fig, 7, driven from a shaft independent of the machine, and this shaft may also be connected bymeans of universaljointed connections, instead oi' by the .flexible shaft, as shown in Fig. 5. The roller q ,in some instances, as shown in Fig. 7, may be provided with teeth, forming a pinion, en g ing with teeth on either the surface p' or the surface pl of the wheel P.

l have d cseribed the mechanism for traversing the poise in connection with a testing-machine; but it will be understood that this portion of my invention may be used on any scales now in common use, and is not necessarily limited to testi11g-machines.

The specimen-cylinders l? F need not necessai-ily be situated between the two collars lll lil. For instance, they may in some instances be situated between the cross-heads l) o', or, in fact, attached lo the specimen in anysu i table man ner for indicating the amount ot' tension or compression of the specimen.

l ela-im as my inventionl. The combination, in a testing machine, ot' the specinten-carriers, the tension of compression mechanism, the specimen cylinder and piston, the card-carrier cylinder and piston, and a eommuiiication between the two cylinders, whereby displacement in one cylinder causes corresponding' displacement in the other cylinder, substantially as described.

2. The' combination, in a testiiig-machine, of the specimen-carriers, the tension or compression mechanism, the specimen cylinder and piston, the card-carrier cylinder and pistubes between the chest and the specimencylin der and between the chest and the cardcarrier cylinder, and valves in said chest, so that the passages between the two cylinders .may be regulated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the specimen cylinder and piston and the drum cylinder and piston with a valve-chest, G, valves therein, a reservoir, ll, a pump, and communieations from the valve-chest to both the specimencylinder and pisten-cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose described.

-.l-. The combination, in atesiing-lmtchine,

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of the collars E E', cylinders F, and their pistons and rods confined between said collars, a cylinder, J, and its piston, and a recordingdrum connected to said piston in such a manner as to be revolved as the piston in the cylinder J is moved, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the collar E, the pointed blocks lV, adapted to engage with the specimen, and a spring in the rear of the blocks to keep said blocks always in contact with said specimen, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

(i. The combination of the collar E, the

l pointed blocks XV lV, and springs at the rear of said blocks, with blocks VVV, carrying friction-rollers, and springs in the rear of these blocks, so that therollers will at all times bear against the specimen to be tested, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the collar E and the pointed blocks W with a spindle, WV', having a threaded portion adapted to a threaded opening in the block NV, and a spring adapted to force the spindle and the block against the specimen to be tested, substantially as set forth.

S. The combination, in a testing-machine, of the scale-beam and its balancing-pivot with a poise and operating mechanism therefor and a driving-pulley for said mechanism, said pulley being mounted on the pivot-line of the beam, so that the power exerted on the driving-belt will not affect the balancing of the beam, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, in a testing-machine, of the scale-beam and its balancing-pivot with a poise-operating screw, a driving-pulley, and mechanism con necting the pulley to the screw, said pulley being mounted on the pivot-line of the beam, so that the power exerted on the driving-belt will not affect the balancing of the beam, substantially as described.

10. The combination, in a scale-beam,v of the screw, the wheel P, magnets, an armature situated between said magnets, and the lever S, having at one end the said armature and at the opposite end carrying the shaft Q, and mechanism for driving said shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination, in a scale-beam, of the screw-shaft, a wheel, P, an annular recess, p, therein, having two bearing-faces, p p2, a driving-roller, q, and a lever carrying the same, and devices by which said roller is thrown against either the faces p p2 or susl pended between the two, sul'istantially as and for the purpose described.

12. The combination, in a scale-beam, of its screw-shaft, the wheel P, having an annular recess therein', driving-roller q, its shaft Q, mounted on the lever S, an armature at one end of said lever, magnets I I', and a shaft, Q', connected to said shaft Q with a beltwheel, q', substantially as described.

13. The combination, in a scale-beam, of the screw, its drivingvheel, the pivoted lever S, carrying at one end the driving-shaft Q, an armature at its opposite end, magnets on each side of said armature, with springs t# r, tending to keep said armature in a central position, and a driving-roller on said shaft Q, central between the two surfaces of the recess in the wheel P, substantially as described.

14. The combination, in a testing-machine, of the specimen cylinder and piston, the recording-drum L and its cylinder and piston, and connections between said cylinders with a scale-beam, andlever mechanism connected thereto and to the Specimen, a screw-shaft carrying a pencil-holder, and reversible driving. mechanism for actuating said pencilholder, magnets controlling said driving mechanism, and contacts on said scale-beam and on thev frame, so that as the scale-beam swings it will make and break the circuit through said magnets, the whole acting in conjunction with the drum and its cylinders to form a chart giving the tensile or compression Strength and the amount of eXpansion or contraction, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination, in a recording-drum, 0f the Screw M, and a pencil-carrier mounted in bearings and having teeth engaging with said screw, with a lever mounted on said pencilcarrier and having a finger, n3, on the movement of which the pencil-carrier is thrown out of gear with the screw, substantially as specified.

16. The combination of the drum-shaft K, a driving pinion or pulley, K, with a drum, L, carrying the record-paper, and a nut, Z3, adapted to bind the drum to or release it from the driving mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. l o

TINUS OLSEN.

iVitnesses:

' WILLIAM D. CONNEP.,

HENRY HowsoN.

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