US399263A - Tuyere - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. M. HARTMAN.

TUYERE.

INVENTOR l Patented Mar, 12, 1889.

WITNESSES: @iimzzdiflg :v. PETERS, Phclvu'hngrap LJI UNITED STATES ATENT @rrrcn,

JOHN M. HARTHAN, (")F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVi-DUA.

TUYERE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 899,263, dated March 12, 1889.

Application filed August 13, 1885. Serial No. 174,346. (No model.)

To all who/2t it may (207106772:

3e itknown that 1, JOHN M. HARTMAN, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful improvements in 'luycrcs.

The following is a specification o'l. m v said improvcinents, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a central vertical section through the axis oi the tuverc; Fin. 3, a rear view showing the tuvcre-pipe in section and the interior construction of the nozzlepiece.

The chief object's oi my improvements are to cheapcn the construction and prolong the lite ot' the tuverc.

in the drawings, represents the ttrvoro, which is hollow, as shown, and which consists oi two grades of metal. living ("(HlSl'i'llPl' Qlfl in the following; manner:

in casting: the tuverc l lirsl. pour into the mold [inc metal in quantity sufficient to form the nose. In the drawings this is indicated by the heavy section-lines extending back ward to about the point r. This line metal may be a bronze whose composition ranges from cop per, eighty per cent, tin, ten per cent, and zinc, ten per cent, (these proportions comprislug the minimum of copper,) up to substantially pure copper. As soon as the line metal of the nose has been poured into the mold, the bascr metal, (which mu be common yellow brass or scrap metal, included under the general commercial term brass,) and which is to form the remainder ol the tuyere, is innnc- 1 diately poured in upon the metal of the nose before the latter is chilled, which allows them to unite perfectl and keeps the baser metal above. As the burning of a tu vere takes place chicliy at the nose and for a distance o'i' about two inches back, I thus construct that part in a very durable manner, since the high conducting power of the copper enables the heat to be abstracted from the interior with great rapidity, and thus prevents it from burning. The remainder ot the tuyere, which is not exposed to the same danger, is thus cheaply constructed and the cost is very Inaterially reduced. The butt-end of the tuyere is provided with. a rearwardly-projecting flange, D, of sut'tioient diameter to permit the insertion of the tuyere-pipc E and leave a I tapering annular space 'l'or clay or similar I packing, m. I construct the flange D with an inward taper, as shown, so that when once l packing inserted the pressure oi the blast l tends to jam it still more tightly bot-ween the converging flange and the outer periphery of the tiu \"ere-pipi, E. To further assistin the retention of the clay or packing, I cast a series of small cit-cumterontial channels upon the outside of the iuyere-pipo near its end, into which channels tho soi't' clay enters and is thus iirmly held. The interior diameter of the luyorc-pipe l) should be not less than the diameter of the interior of the tuverc proper, as shown, in order to permit the removal and replacement: j of the nozzle-piece without destroying the l joint between the tuyere and the tirvere-pipe. :Inside of the flange l), and at the 'liottom Z thereof", 1 provide a sine'le'lng, ll, of such height that when the tumor-pipe rests thereon it registers properly with the bore of the t'uyero. The purpose of this lite is to tain the ttrvcre-pipe at the proper poi ntv while the packing is being inseri'etl around it.

The nozzle-piece t, 'whichis constructed of plum ljiag'o, lire-ln'iti'k, or other refractory niat'crial, tits snugl within the tuyere, and is provided with a series of spiral grooves, g, l toincroasc the penetrating power oi the blast- "ing by giving it a spiral motion. 1 have found it expedient, however, instead of continuing those grooves to the extreme front end of the nozzle-piece. to construct such end portion with. a plain cylindrical surface of reduced diameter, as shown. at 7, the discharge thus obtained lJQliiQ' found highly effective as the necessary amount of spiral lllO- tion is obtained by the grooves and the plain or cylindrical discharge-nozzle prevents any dispersion sidewise.

lowing inanncrr' Outside of the projecting flange D, I provide upon the rear end of the tuycrc a series of couplings, consisting of bosses f, arranged diametrically opposite to one another, and preferably four in number, at the respective quadrants, as shown in Fig. 2. Each of these bosses is provided with an. internal screw-thread to attach the outer watercirculating pipes, F and F, respectively. Experience has shown that the points of the The water-circulation l arrange in the foltuyere which are attacked most rapidly by the melted iron are the top and bottom portions of its nose. To protect this in the most efficient manner, I introduce the inner water supply and discharge pipes, A II, at the top and bottom only and prolongthem down close to the end of the nose. I have found tl'iat the maximum distance from the end of: the pipes A .B to the end surface of the tuyere should not be more than the bore of the pipe. This system supplies an, active quick circulation of water at the two vital points where it is most essential.

The disposition of the bosses f upon the rearend of thetuycre at diamctrically-opposite points enables me, when the tuyere worn thin at the top and bottom, to turn it axially, say, ninety degres, and thus obtain a fresh top and bottom surface. This operation can be performed without altering the existing arrangement of: the outside water-pipes, F F, and as the rapidity with which these changes can be made is of importance I thus greatly facilitate the manipulation of the tuyere. The bosses or couplings which are for the time being not used are closed by screw-caps u, as shown in Fig. 2.

I am aware that the use of brony. as a material for tuyeres is not new, and that it is common to attach a tip of platinum to ordinary blow-pipes and to construct tuyeres with detachable noses of various metals.

1 do not claim a detachable nose, since the very object of my invention is to avoid any joint in that locality; nor do I claim, broadly, a bronze nose for the tuyere, nor the use of an infusible tip, save when these features are embodied in the particular form above specified, so that the nose, though of ditlferent metal from the body, is integral therewith. By this method of construction I obtain all the advantages of bronze at but little more than the cost of scrap metal or brass and produce a structure containing no joint, like that of a platinum-tip blow-pipe. No joint could withstand the changes of temperature when constructed upon the scale of. a blast-furnace tuyere and subjected to the conditions of its use.

As the water-oirculation .in the interior of the tuyere is in direct contact with the metal thereof, it is obvious that the integrity of the structure must be maintained; otherwise the leakage which would occur at any accidental opening of a joint would be disastrous.

Having thus described my invention, I o1aim The tuyere having a hollow interior for wateiL'-circulation in direct contact with the metal thereof, and having a rear portimi of brass and a nose of bronze, said nose being integral with said rear portion, substantially as set forth.

JOHN M. lIARTMAN.

Witnesses:

CHARLES F. ZrEoLEn, F. \V. WEST.

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