US399054A

US399054A - Electeio arc lamp

Info

Publication number: US399054A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 1906-03-05

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. M. LANE. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

-No. 399,054. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. M. LANE. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 399,054. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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t J I (No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 3.

G. M. LANE. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. No. 399,054. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SFECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,054, dated March 5, 1889.

Application filed May 8, 1888.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. LANE, a citizen of the Ynited States, residing at Asbury Y Park, in the county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps;

and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to electriearc lamps, and has for its object the provision of means for automatically varying the resistance in the shunt-magnet proportionate to the strength of the line-current, so that the carbons will be maintained at a nearlyuniform distance apart and preserve a steady arc. The resist ance or'shunt magnet acts directly on the feed controlling mechanism, and is composed of sections, some of which are out of circuit when the line-current is normal, and which are automatically brought in circuit when the line-.

current falls below the normal or standard strength, the number of circles brought in the circuit being in proportion to the falling off or variation of the line-current from the standard strength. When the line-current increases in strength, the resistance decreases by one or more of its sections being automatically cut out of circuit. The main magnet is in direct circuit, and in no wise is affected by the variation of the resistance in the shunt-magnet, except under conditions which hereinafter will be more particularly set forth.

The controlling medium for cutting the sec tions of the resistance in and out of circuit is an auxiliary magnet or solenoid which is located in direct circuit and varies in power with the strength of the current. The core of the solenoid is held in a predetermined position by a yielding force, which is wholly or partially overcome by the solenoid when energized. The circuit-closer is carried by the said core, and its position is regulated by i the two opposing forces to bring more or less resistance in the shunt-magnet.

A further object of the invention is to simplify the feed-controlling devices and increase Serial No. 272,632. (No model.)

1 their efficiency,whereby the greatest possible leverage is obtained with the expenditure of the least amount of force of the main magnets, so that the feed-controlling devices will re spond quickly to the variation in force of the said magnets and feed or so arate the car- 1 bons as may be required to preserve the arc of a uniform length, thereby preventing any I sticking of the parts, which would effect a lengthening of the are, or a too rapid feed, which would shorten the are, and obviating the flickering, which is the chief objection against are lamps.

A still further object of the invention is to provide means for preserving a nearly-uniform are and consequent steady light whether the carbon is feeding or not.

The improvement consists of the novel features which hereinafter will be more fully described and claimed, and shown in the accom- Janying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front view, showing the upper end of the carlmn-holder protecting-tube broken away and the case in section, of an electric lamp embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a front view of the operating mechanism, just as it appears in Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale; Fig. 3, a vertical section through the operating mechanism; Fig. i, a cross-section on the lineX X of Fig. 3,looking in the direction of the arrow; and Fig. 5, a diagrammatic view showing the direction of the currents.

The feed-controlling mechanism, the resist ance-magnet, and the devices for bringing more or less of the resistance in the shuntcircuit are supported between the plates A and B and are closed in by case C".

The magnetsD and E actuate the feed-controlling mechanism, and are provided with the axial cores d and 6, respecti ely, that are connected with the opposite ends of the rocking lever or beam F, that is pivotally supported between its ends to the frame G, which supports the spring-brake ll, that is adapted to press on the brakewheel 7a of the train of 5 gearing supported on the frame I, which is movable to and from the spring-brake H, and pivoted at one end, 1', and connected at its other end with the rocking beam 1 bythe rod J. The rod J threaded at its upper end i and provided with the nut 7', by means of which the frame l can be raised or lowered IOO to regulate the distance between the brake H and the brake-wheel it without varying the relative position of the rocking beam F. The dash-pot K, of ordinary construction and arran gement, prevents the rocking beam F from moving too quick in either direction.

The magnet D is in direct circuit and the magnet E in a derived circuit or shunt. This magnet- E is wrapped. with fine wire and forms the resistance, and is composed of a series of concentric sect-ions, e, e, 6 and 2 which have their terminals extended and coupled -in the following manner: The top terminal of the section 2 and the bottom terminal of the sectione are connected with the contact-point f, and the top and the bottom terminals of the other sect-ions are connected with the contact- 3 points f and f respectively, and when the said magnet is a double or twin magnet the end sections of the two parts E and E are coupled together, as shown, and the terminals 1 sition the whole resistance of the said magnet is brought in the circuit. The contact-s f, f f g, g', and g are electrically insulated from each other, and are arranged in two series, the contacts f, &c., of one series being opposite the contacts g, &c., of the other series, and the contacts of each series being placed suffi: ci ently close together, so that the closer L will not rest whollyon the insulation between each two of; the contacts, and thereby bring the whole resistance in circuit prematurely.

The. circuit-closer L is of the form ofan inverted L1, and its limbs are yielding and spring apart to bear firmly against the contactpoints to-insure a perfect electrical connection. This circuit-closer is mounted on the rod Z, which is fastened to the core on of the. solenoid M, and which is guided in its movements by working through the frame N, of insulated material, to which the contact points are secured. The rod Z is threaded at its lower end, and has the thumb nut n mounted thereon. The spring 0, surrounding the rod Z and connected at one end to the frame N and at its other end to the nut n, holds the circuit-closer L at its highest point. The tension of the spring 0 is regulated by turning the nut it up or down on the rod Z.

The circuit is as follows: from the binding-post P, through magnets D and M, the positive carbon Q, the negative carbon R, to the binding-post S.

The magnet E is in a loop or shunt that has the magnet D comprised between its ends. XV-henthe circuit is established, the magnets D, E, and M are energized, the magnet M, at-

tracting its core against the tension of the spring 0, brings the circuit-closer into the normal position, and, the magnet D attracting its core with the greater force than the magnet E, the end of the rocking leverF, having the framel connected therewith, is lifted, carrying with it the said framel and the carbon Q, thus establishing the are. If from any cause the strength of the current varies, the strength or power of the magnet M will proportionately vary, and as the force of the spring acting in opposition to the force of the magnet M is practically uniform, and as the circuit-closer is held between these two opposing forces, its position will change with the variation of the strength of the current and bring more or less of the resistance-magnet E in the shunt-circuit, as will be readily comprehended. The carbon Q is fed by gravity, and in its descent operates the train of gearing and the brake-wheel 7t, and when the frame I is lifted the brake-wheel h is brought in contact with the brakeHwith a greater or less degree of pressure, and controls the movement of the train of gearing and regulates the feed of the carbon in the well-known manner.

It will be observed that the shunt-magnet E E is composed of a plurality of sections, all of which are not in circuit under normal conditions, and that the controlling-magnetin the main circuit varies in force proportionate to the variation in the main circuit. 1f the current falls below the standard, the magnet M becomes weaker, and the spring 0 moves the circuit-closer L to bring more resistance into the shunt-magnet, consequently diverting more of the current into the main circuit. On the other hand, when the current is above the standard, the power of the magnet M is augmented, and moves the circuit-closer to cut out one or more sections of the shunt-magnet E E, so that more of the current will pass through the shunt-circuit. As these several changes are momentary only, they do not admit of any reaction between the shunt and the main magnets, but serve to correct any variation in the main circuit without perceptibly eifecting any change in the arc.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is

1. In an electricarc lamp, the combination, with the feed-controlling magnets, the one in the main circuit and the other of high resist ance in a derived circuit and composed of a series of sections, of a circuit-closer and an auxiliary magnet in the main circuit to control the circuit-closer to bring more or less of the resistance-magnet in the derived circuit, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an eleetric-arc lamp, the combination, with the magnet of high resistance placed in a derived circuit and composed of a series of sections, of the circuit-closer and an auxiliary magnet indirect circuit and controlling the circuit-closer to bring more orless of the resistance-magnet in the derived circuit, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the feed-controlling magnets, the magnet of high resistance being in the derived circuit and composed of a series of sections, and the series of contacts having the top and bottom terminals of each two sections connected with each contact, respectively, of the circuit-closer and the auxiliary magnet in the direct circuit to control the position of the circuit-closer to bring more or less of the resistance-magnet in the derived circuit, substantially as described.

4. In an electric-arc la1np,-the combination, with the resistance-magnet composed of a series of sections and a series of contacts having each contact in electrical connection with the top and bottom terminals of each two of the said sections, respectively, of the circuitcloser and the auxiliary magnet in the main circuit and controlling the circuit-closer to bring more or less of the resistance-magnet in circuit, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination,

ol' composed of aseries of sections, and the two series of contacts having the top and the bottom terminals of each two sections con nccted therewith, substantially as shown, and arranged opposite each other, of the eircuitcloser and the magnet in the main circuit for controlling the circuit-closer for bringing a greater or less number of the sections of the said resistance-magnet in circuit, substantially as described.

7 In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the two magnets D and E, the magnet E,

of high resistance, being in a derived circuit and composed of a number of sections, and

means, substantially as described, controlled by the variation of the current in the main line, to bring more or less of the resistancemagnet in the derived circuit, of the rocking lever controlled by the variation in strength between the two magnets D and E, the movable frame I, connected with the rocking lever and carrying the feed-controlling devices, and the brake, substaniiall; as and for the purpose described.

S. In an electricarc lamp, the combination, with the magnets D and E, the rocking lever cont-rolled by the magnets D and E, the frame I, and the adjustable connection between the rocking lever and the said frame, of the feedcontrolling devices supported by the frame I and the brake, snbstantiall as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I atfiX nrv signature in presenceof two witnesses.

GEORGE M. LANE.

\Vitnesses:

S. W. ETCHELLS, JOHN ROCKAFELLER.