US3978089A - Caryophyllane epoxide - Google Patents
Caryophyllane epoxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3978089A US3978089A US05/378,478 US37847873A US3978089A US 3978089 A US3978089 A US 3978089A US 37847873 A US37847873 A US 37847873A US 3978089 A US3978089 A US 3978089A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- caryophyllane
- epoxide
- formula
- oil
- norcaryophyll
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 Caryophyllane epoxide Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 229930003348 caryophyllane Natural products 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000002426 caryophyllane derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N β-(E)-Caryophyllene Chemical compound C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Caryophyllene Natural products CC1=CCC(C)(C)C=CCC(C)=CCC1 FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 7
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-epi-beta-caryophyllene oxide Natural products C=C1CCC2OC2(C)CCC2C(C)(C)CC21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000007212 Verbena X moechina Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000001519 Verbena officinalis Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000001594 Verbena polystachya Kunth Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000007200 Verbena x perriana Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000002270 Verbena x stuprosa Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-cariophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C)(C)C21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N caryophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940117948 caryophyllene Drugs 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000008554 Aloysia triphylla Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013668 Aloysia triphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KSEZPRJUTHMFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-ethyl-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC1(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=C1C=C(C(C)=O)C(CC)=C2 KSEZPRJUTHMFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000009101 Sandoricum indicum Species 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 244000284012 Vetiveria zizanioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940062909 amyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940043350 citral Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001111 citrus aurantium l. leaf oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JRUYYVYCSJCVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin 30 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C(C=3C4=CC=C(C=C4OC(=O)C=3)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 JRUYYVYCSJCVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NYNCZOLNVTXTTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)acetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CC(=O)OCC)C(=O)C2=C1 NYNCZOLNVTXTTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-LBPRGKRZSA-N linalyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@](C)(C=C)OC(C)=O UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001298 pelargonium graveolens oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BGCIAWBDYRWKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-butylcyclohexyl) acetate Chemical group CCCCC1(OC(C)=O)CCCCC1 BGCIAWBDYRWKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001724 (4,8-dimethyl-2-propan-2-ylidene-3,3a,4,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-azulen-6-yl) acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001244 (E)-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl)pent-1-en-3-one Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPKMGDRERYMTJX-XEHSLEBBSA-N (e)-1-[(1r)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]pent-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)\C=C\[C@H]1C(C)=CCCC1(C)C VPKMGDRERYMTJX-XEHSLEBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRJBVWJSTHECJK-LUAWRHEFSA-N (z)-3-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C(\C)=C/C1C(C)=CCCC1(C)C JRJBVWJSTHECJK-LUAWRHEFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FACFHHMQICTXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CN2C(CCN)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 FACFHHMQICTXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJXHBTZLHITWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptylcyclopentan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1CCCC1=O PJXHBTZLHITWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFAVNWJJYQAGNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)C=O NFAVNWJJYQAGNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007436 Cananga odorata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chavibetol Natural products COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1O NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000468081 Citrus bergamia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100035233 Furin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101001022148 Homo sapiens Furin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001128694 Homo sapiens Neuroendocrine convertase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000601394 Homo sapiens Neuroendocrine convertase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001072067 Homo sapiens Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000701936 Homo sapiens Signal peptidase complex subunit 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000828971 Homo sapiens Signal peptidase complex subunit 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000979222 Hydra vulgaris PC3-like endoprotease variant A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000979221 Hydra vulgaris PC3-like endoprotease variant B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019501 Lemon oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUAUILGSCPYJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Musk ambrette Chemical compound COC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1C(C)(C)C SUAUILGSCPYJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100032132 Neuroendocrine convertase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100037732 Neuroendocrine convertase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000019502 Orange oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010022052 Proprotein Convertase 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100036371 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036365 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100038946 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710180552 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038950 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710180647 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C(C)=C)=CC=C1O UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000303379 Styrax officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001361 Styrax officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000223014 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UAVFEMBKDRODDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vetiveryl acetate Chemical compound CC1CC(OC(C)=O)C=C(C)C2CC(=C(C)C)CC12 UAVFEMBKDRODDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEAKOKLFAJQWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr+2].NCCN Chemical compound [Cr+2].NCCN OEAKOKLFAJQWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001053 badasse Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010634 clove oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002217 eugenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001148 ferula galbaniflua oil terpeneless Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BXWQUXUDAGDUOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-humulene Natural products CC1=CCCC(C)(C)C=CC(=C)CCC1 BXWQUXUDAGDUOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QBNFBHXQESNSNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N humulene Natural products CC1=CC=CC(C)(C)CC=C(/C)CCC1 QBNFBHXQESNSNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000056931 lavandin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009606 lavandin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000171 lavandula angustifolia l. flower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010501 lemon oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool acetate Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)(C=C)OC(C)=O UWKAYLJWKGQEPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940067137 musk ketone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010502 orange oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005949 ozonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012437 perfumed product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SATCULPHIDQDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperonal Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 SATCULPHIDQDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001738 pogostemon cablin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006894 reductive elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010671 sandalwood oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010679 vetiver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/36—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal
- C07C29/38—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones
- C07C29/40—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing carbon-to-metal bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0042—Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing condensed hydrocarbon rings
- C11B9/0046—Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing condensed hydrocarbon rings containing only two condensed rings
- C11B9/0049—Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing condensed hydrocarbon rings containing only two condensed rings the condensed rings sharing two common C atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0069—Heterocyclic compounds
- C11B9/0073—Heterocyclic compounds containing only O or S as heteroatoms
- C11B9/0076—Heterocyclic compounds containing only O or S as heteroatoms the hetero rings containing less than six atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2602/00—Systems containing two condensed rings
- C07C2602/02—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having only two atoms in common
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of odorants.
- the present invention relates to caryophyllane derivatives. More particularly, the invention is concerned with caryophyllane derivatives and a process for the manufacture thereof. The invention is also concerned with odorant compositions containing said caryophyllane derivatives and with a method of imparting an odour to products by means of said derivatives.
- R 1 and R 2 together represent an oxo group and R 3 and R 4 together represent a C--C bond or R 1 represents a methyl group, R 2 and R 4 together represent an epoxide group and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom.
- this invention is concerned, in one of its aspects, with the novel 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one and the hitherto unknown 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide insofar as it is synthetically manufactured as well as with 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide in substantially pure form or in admixture with other odorants and/or solvents or carriers, with the exception of verbena oil.
- Caryophyllene occurs widely in nature in essential oils, primarily in clove oil (Eugenia caryophyllata) from which it can be isolated in admixture with about 10% humulene. Pure caryophyllene can readily be produced from commercial caryophyllene by column chromatography on Kieselgel.
- the hitherto unknown 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide of formula Ib has been found in small amounts in verbena oil from which it can be isolated in accordance with known methods, preferably by distillation and chromatography.
- 3,7-Caryophyllane epoxide of formula Ib itself has a woody, balsamic odour.
- 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide to many odorant compositions imparts thereto more depth and tenacity.
- it has a strong modifying action in combination with individual odorants (e.g. citral).
- This epoxide can accordingly be used, with advantage, for imparting a bouquet to citral and citral-like odorants such as occur, amongst others, in verbena oil.
- odorant compositions such as perfumes or for perfuming technical or cosmetic products of all kinds such as, for example, solid or liquid detergents, synthetic washing agents, aerosols, soaps, lotions, creams etc.
- the content of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide in odorant compositions or in perfumed products can vary within wide limits.
- perfume compositions it can be present in an amount of between about 0.01 and 20 wt %, preferably between 2 and 10 wt %, and in finished products such as soaps, lotions, creams it can preferably be present in an amount of between 0.01 and 0.5 wt %.
- 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of formula Ia likewise possesses particular fragrance qualities. It possesses a woody, somewhat earthy fragrance partially reminiscent of sandal or vetiver.
- 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one to odorant compositions imparts thereto a warmer and fuller odour.
- 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one blends especially well with woody smelling compositions and essential oils. It can accordingly be used as an odorant in the perfume industry; for example for the manufacture of, or for modifying the odour of, odorant compositions such as perfumes, perfume bases etc, by the addition of olfactory perceptible amounts (e.g.
- 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one can also be used for the perfuming of technical and cosmetic products of all kinds; for example solid and liquid detergents, synthetic washing agents, aerosols, soaps, creams, lotions etc in concentrations of, for example, about 0.02-0.1 wt %.
- the reductive elimination of the 6,7-epoxy group of 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of formula III according to embodiment (a) of the process can be carried out in a manner known per se; for example, by treatment with a chromium (II)-ethylenediamine complex [I. K. Kochi et al., Tetrahedron 24, 3503 (1968)] or by means of weakly coppered zinc in boiling ethanol [S. M. Kupchan and M. Marnyama, J. Org. Chem. 36, 1187 (1971)].
- a chromium (II)-ethylenediamine complex I. K. Kochi et al., Tetrahedron 24, 3503 (1968)
- weakly coppered zinc in boiling ethanol S. M. Kupchan and M. Marnyama, J. Org. Chem. 36, 1187 (1971)].
- the cyclization of caryophyll-6-en-3-ol according to embodiment (b) of the process can also be carried out in a manner known per se by treatment with an acid catalyst such as an inorganic acid, a Lewis acid or an organic sulphonic acid (e.g. p-toluenesulphonic acid, boron trifluoride etherate or a 1:1 mixture of boron trifluoride and phosphoric acid) in one of the usual inert organic solvents such as dioxane, diethyl ether, benzene, toluene etc.
- the treatment can be carried out within a wide temperature range, preferably at between 0°C and the reflux temperature of the mixture.
- 6,7-epoxycaryophyllene of formula V into 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of formula III can be carried out, for example, by ozonolysis of the exocyclic double-bond or by oxidation with permanganate, while the selective epoxidation of the endocyclic double-bond of caryophyllene can be carried out by means of a peracid (e.g. peracetic acid) in a suitable solvent (e.g. methylene chloride) and in the presence of sodium acetate.
- a peracid e.g. peracetic acid
- a suitable solvent e.g. methylene chloride
- 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of formula Ia can be converted by reaction with a GRIGNARD compound of the formula H 3 C--Mg--Hal (in which Hal stands for a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom) in a known manner into caryophyll-6-en-3-ol of formula IV which is used as the starting material for embodiment (b) of the process.
- a GRIGNARD compound of the formula H 3 C--Mg--Hal in which Hal stands for a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom
- IR: ⁇ max 2930, 2858, 1695, 1450, 1381, 1369, 1351, 1331, 1279, 1225, 1160, 1113, 1090, 1059, 1018, 990 and 811 cm.sup. -1 .
- the compound has a woody, slightly camphoraceous odour reminiscent of sandal, vetiver and cedar.
- IR: ⁇ max 2930, 2860, 1460, 1370, 1281, 1231, 1210, 1180, 1117, 1099, 1075, 1058, 989, 969, 900, 840 and 815 cm.sup. -1 .
- the starting material can be prepared as follows:
- IR: ⁇ max 3490, 2920, 2856, 1670, 1450, 1380, 1366, 1280, 1274, 1199, 1105, 1080, 1052, 990, 939, 890, 871, 855, 820 and 800 cm.sup. -1 .
- the compound has a woody, earthy, patchouli-type odour.
- the composition has a pronounced woody-spicy character and is suitable for the perfuming of male cosmetics.
- composition has a fantasy-floral note which is especially suitable for the perfuming of soap.
- the composition is given more tenacity and depth.
- the base acts somewhat woody and warmer.
Abstract
Novel caryophyllane derivatives, a process for their manufacture and odorant compositions containing the novel compounds are disclosed.
Description
This invention relates to the field of odorants.
The present invention relates to caryophyllane derivatives. More particularly, the invention is concerned with caryophyllane derivatives and a process for the manufacture thereof. The invention is also concerned with odorant compositions containing said caryophyllane derivatives and with a method of imparting an odour to products by means of said derivatives.
The caryophyllane derivatives with which the present invention is concerned have the following general formula ##SPC1##
Wherein R1 and R2 together represent an oxo group and R3 and R4 together represent a C--C bond or R1 represents a methyl group, R2 and R4 together represent an epoxide group and R3 represents a hydrogen atom.
It will be appreciated that formula I hereinbefore embraces 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of the formula ##SPC2##
And 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide of the formula ##SPC3##
Thus, this invention is concerned, in one of its aspects, with the novel 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one and the hitherto unknown 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide insofar as it is synthetically manufactured as well as with 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide in substantially pure form or in admixture with other odorants and/or solvents or carriers, with the exception of verbena oil.
The fundamental substance from which the compounds of formula I are derived is caryophyllene of the formula ##SPC4##
Caryophyllene occurs widely in nature in essential oils, primarily in clove oil (Eugenia caryophyllata) from which it can be isolated in admixture with about 10% humulene. Pure caryophyllene can readily be produced from commercial caryophyllene by column chromatography on Kieselgel.
The hitherto unknown 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide of formula Ib has been found in small amounts in verbena oil from which it can be isolated in accordance with known methods, preferably by distillation and chromatography.
Natural verbena oil is obtained by steam distillation from Lippia citriodora Kunth. (= Verbena triphylla l'Herit = Aloysia citriodora Ort.) which is indigenous to South America and which is principally cultivated there. Natural verbena oil is very valuable in the perfume industry because of its fine lemon-like odour with a balsamic foundation. It is, however, very expensive and relatively difficult to obtain commercially, this being related to the special climatic conditions which are a prerequisite for the cultivation of the plants. On the other hand, verbena oil with a favourable price structure can be widely used in all fields of the perfume industry, especially in eaux de Cologne.
3,7-Caryophyllane epoxide of formula Ib itself has a woody, balsamic odour. As has been found, the addition of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide to many odorant compositions imparts thereto more depth and tenacity. Also, it has a strong modifying action in combination with individual odorants (e.g. citral). This epoxide can accordingly be used, with advantage, for imparting a bouquet to citral and citral-like odorants such as occur, amongst others, in verbena oil. It can, moreover, be quite generally used as an odorant for the manufacture of odorant compositions such as perfumes or for perfuming technical or cosmetic products of all kinds such as, for example, solid or liquid detergents, synthetic washing agents, aerosols, soaps, lotions, creams etc.
The content of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide in odorant compositions or in perfumed products can vary within wide limits. In perfume compositions it can be present in an amount of between about 0.01 and 20 wt %, preferably between 2 and 10 wt %, and in finished products such as soaps, lotions, creams it can preferably be present in an amount of between 0.01 and 0.5 wt %.
12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of formula Ia likewise possesses particular fragrance qualities. It possesses a woody, somewhat earthy fragrance partially reminiscent of sandal or vetiver. The addition of 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one to odorant compositions imparts thereto a warmer and fuller odour. 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one blends especially well with woody smelling compositions and essential oils. It can accordingly be used as an odorant in the perfume industry; for example for the manufacture of, or for modifying the odour of, odorant compositions such as perfumes, perfume bases etc, by the addition of olfactory perceptible amounts (e.g. 0.1 -10 wt %) to mixtures of known odorants. One of a wide field of application is, for example, the manufacture of chypre type odorant compositions. 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one can also be used for the perfuming of technical and cosmetic products of all kinds; for example solid and liquid detergents, synthetic washing agents, aerosols, soaps, creams, lotions etc in concentrations of, for example, about 0.02-0.1 wt %.
According to the process provided by the present invention, the caryophyllane derivatives of formula I hereinbefore are manufactured by
a. reductively eliminating the 6,7-epoxy group of a 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of the formula ##SPC5##
to give 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of formula Ia hereinbefore, or
b. cyclizing caryophyll-6-en-3-ol of the formula ##SPC6##
with the formation of a 3,7-epoxy group to give 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide of formula Ib hereinbefore.
The reductive elimination of the 6,7-epoxy group of 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of formula III according to embodiment (a) of the process can be carried out in a manner known per se; for example, by treatment with a chromium (II)-ethylenediamine complex [I. K. Kochi et al., Tetrahedron 24, 3503 (1968)] or by means of weakly coppered zinc in boiling ethanol [S. M. Kupchan and M. Marnyama, J. Org. Chem. 36, 1187 (1971)].
The cyclization of caryophyll-6-en-3-ol according to embodiment (b) of the process can also be carried out in a manner known per se by treatment with an acid catalyst such as an inorganic acid, a Lewis acid or an organic sulphonic acid (e.g. p-toluenesulphonic acid, boron trifluoride etherate or a 1:1 mixture of boron trifluoride and phosphoric acid) in one of the usual inert organic solvents such as dioxane, diethyl ether, benzene, toluene etc. The treatment can be carried out within a wide temperature range, preferably at between 0°C and the reflux temperature of the mixture.
The working up of the mixture and the isolation and purification of the 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide can be carried out according to known methods. Chromatography on Kieselgel is an especially suitable purification method.
The preparation of 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of formula III from caryophyllene of formula II can be carried out in a manner known per se via 6,7-epoxycaryophyllene of the formula ##SPC7##
The conversion of 6,7-epoxycaryophyllene of formula V into 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one of formula III can be carried out, for example, by ozonolysis of the exocyclic double-bond or by oxidation with permanganate, while the selective epoxidation of the endocyclic double-bond of caryophyllene can be carried out by means of a peracid (e.g. peracetic acid) in a suitable solvent (e.g. methylene chloride) and in the presence of sodium acetate.
12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one of formula Ia can be converted by reaction with a GRIGNARD compound of the formula H3 C--Mg--Hal (in which Hal stands for a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom) in a known manner into caryophyll-6-en-3-ol of formula IV which is used as the starting material for embodiment (b) of the process.
The following Examples illustrate the process provided by the invention:
A mixture of 2.22 g of 6,7-epoxy-12-norcaryophyllan-3-one [(Kobuson), see Chem. Pharm. Bull. 17, 1390 (1969)], 88 g of weakly coppered zinc [R. D. Smith and H. B. Simmens, Org. Syn. 41, 72 (1961)] and 400 ml of ethanol is heated under reflux for 35 hours. After cooling the mixture, the precipitate is filtered off and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography of the crude product on Kieselgel yields 1.7 g of pure 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one. IR: νmax = 2930, 2858, 1695, 1450, 1381, 1369, 1351, 1331, 1279, 1225, 1160, 1113, 1090, 1059, 1018, 990 and 811 cm.sup.-1. The compound has a woody, slightly camphoraceous odour reminiscent of sandal, vetiver and cedar.
A solution of 1.11 g of caryophyll-6-en-3-ol and 0.1 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid in 20 ml of benzene is stirred for 30 minutes at a temperature of 5°C. The mixture is then diluted with twice the amount of benzene, washed with soda solution and water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography of the resulting crude product on Kieselgel yields 0.35 g (31.5%) of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide and 0.6 g of hydrocarbon compounds. The epoxide has a woody, balsamic odour. IR: νmax = 2930, 2860, 1460, 1370, 1281, 1231, 1210, 1180, 1117, 1099, 1075, 1058, 989, 969, 900, 840 and 815 cm.sup.-1.
A mixture of 1.11 g of caryophyll-6-en-3-ol, 0.2 g of boron trifluoride ethyl etherate and 20 ml of ether is heated under reflux for 50 minutes. The mixture is then mixed with twice the amount of ether, washed with soda solution and water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography of the resulting crude product on Kieselgel yields 0.1 g (9%) of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide and 0.7 g of hydrocarbon compounds.
The starting material can be prepared as follows:
To a Grignard reagent prepared from 0.48 g of magnesium and 2.8 g of methyl iodide is added dropwise in the course of 5 minutes a solution of 3 g of 12-norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one in 15 ml of ether. After 15 minutes, the mixture is carefully treated, with ice cooling, with a concentrated ammonium chloride solution and then extracted with ether. The ethereal phase is washed with water, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated. Bulb-tube distillation of the residue yields 3.05 g (94% of theory) of pure caryophyll-6-en-3-ol. IR: νmax = 3490, 2920, 2856, 1670, 1450, 1380, 1366, 1280, 1274, 1199, 1105, 1080, 1052, 990, 939, 890, 871, 855, 820 and 800 cm.sup.-1. The compound has a woody, earthy, patchouli-type odour.
The following Examples illustrate typical odorant compositions provided by this invention:
______________________________________ Parts by weight ______________________________________ γ-Methylionone 100 Lavandin 22/24 100 Isomethylionone 80 Amyl salicylate 50 Eugenol 50 Linalyl acetate 50 Galbanum oil 10%* 40 Iris resinoid 40 Methylnonylacetaldehyde 10%* 40 2-Heptylcyclopentanone 10%* 40 Petitgrain oil Paraguay 40 Vetiveryl acetate 40 Sauge sclaree 20 Orange oil Ital. 30 Bergamotte oil Reggio 30 Lemon oil Ital. 10 Terpineol 30 Geranium oil Bourbon 20 Musk ketone 20 Vetiver oil Bourbon 15 Ylang-Ylang oil 15 12-Norcaryophyll-6-en-3-one 50 Sandalwood oil 30 Heliotropin 30 Coumarin 30 1000 ______________________________________ *in phthalic acid diethyl ester
The composition has a pronounced woody-spicy character and is suitable for the perfuming of male cosmetics.
______________________________________ Parts by weight ______________________________________ Cinnamon aldehyde 100 Lavender oil 100 Geranium oil Bourbon 100 Sandela Givaudan 100 Baccartol Givaudan 60 Terpineol 80 para-Tertiary butyl-cyclohexyl acetate 50 Amylsalicylate 50 Phenylethyl alcohol 50 α-Methylionone 50 Coumarin 30 Musk ambrette 30 Resinoid storax 50 Petitgrain oil Paraguay 50 Patchouli oil 20 1,1,4,4-Tetramethyl-6-ethyl-7- acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene 30 3,7-Carophyllane epoxide 50 1000 ______________________________________
The foregoing composition has a fantasy-floral note which is especially suitable for the perfuming of soap.
By the addition of 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide, the composition is given more tenacity and depth. The base acts somewhat woody and warmer.
Claims (1)
1. Substantially pure 3,7-caryophyllane epoxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH10843/72 | 1972-07-19 | ||
CH1084372A CH579086A5 (en) | 1972-07-19 | 1972-07-19 | Caryophyllene derivs - useful as perfume ingredients |
CH1084472A CH567418A5 (en) | 1972-07-19 | 1972-07-19 | Caryophyllene derivs - useful as perfume ingredients |
CH10844/72 | 1972-07-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3978089A true US3978089A (en) | 1976-08-31 |
Family
ID=25707353
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/378,478 Expired - Lifetime US3978089A (en) | 1972-07-19 | 1973-07-12 | Caryophyllane epoxide |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3978089A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4951256A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2335046A1 (en) |
FR (2) | FR2194678B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1377355A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7309554A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060115256A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-01 | Pentax Corporation | Imaging device having an optical image stabilizer |
US20110028542A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2011-02-03 | Jean Legault | Compositions for prevention or treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome and uses thereof |
-
1973
- 1973-07-09 NL NL7309554A patent/NL7309554A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-07-10 DE DE19732335046 patent/DE2335046A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-07-12 US US05/378,478 patent/US3978089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-07-17 FR FR7326098A patent/FR2194678B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-07-18 JP JP48082570A patent/JPS4951256A/ja active Pending
- 1973-07-18 GB GB3412273A patent/GB1377355A/en not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-01-03 FR FR7400116A patent/FR2205512B1/fr not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
naves et al., Chem. Abstracts, vol. 55, entry 11766e (1961). |
naves et al., Chem. Abstracts, vol. 55, entry 11766e (1961). * |
Nigam et al., Chem. Abstracts, vol. 62, entry 14731e at f (1965). * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060115256A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-01 | Pentax Corporation | Imaging device having an optical image stabilizer |
US20110028542A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2011-02-03 | Jean Legault | Compositions for prevention or treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome and uses thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2194678B1 (en) | 1978-02-17 |
GB1377355A (en) | 1974-12-11 |
NL7309554A (en) | 1974-01-22 |
DE2335046A1 (en) | 1974-01-31 |
JPS4951256A (en) | 1974-05-18 |
FR2205512B1 (en) | 1976-11-26 |
FR2205512A1 (en) | 1974-05-31 |
FR2194678A1 (en) | 1974-03-01 |
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