US397724A - Chusetts - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) A 7 Sheets-Sheet l..

C. KELLOGG.

MAGHINBPOR ROLLING SEAMLESS TUBING.

No. 397,724. Patented Peb'. 12, 1889 l MWTT'IVIIIIIEIIEITW NUIIIIHIIIIIIIILIHHU im' (No Model.) rfz sheets-sheet 2'. C. KELLOGG.

MACHINE POR RULLING SEAMLESS TUBING.

Patented Feb. 124, 1889.

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o. KBLLoGfGI MACHINE POR ROLLING SBAMLBSS TUBING.

No. 397,724.l PatentedI'eb. 12, 1889.

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SS TUBING.

ented Feb. 12, 1889.

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Patented Feb. 12, 1889.

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G. KELLGGG. MACHINE IOR NOLLINI"I SEAMLNSS TUBING.

' No. 397,724. Patented Peb. I2, 1889.

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C. KELLOGG. Y MAGNINFJ POR NOLLINQ SBAMLESS TUBING. N0. 397,724. Patented Feb. 12,1889.

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AH: nITLEy'- UNrrnn STATES- PATENT Ormes,

CHARLES KELLOGG, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE KELLOGG SEAMLESS TUBE AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSA- C H U SETTS MACHINE FOR ROLLING SEAMLESS TUBING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,724, dated February 12, 1889.

Application filed December 24,1887. Serial No. 258,864. (Nomodel.)

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, CHARLns KELLOGG, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Buffalo, county of Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Rolling Seamless Tubing, Columns, &c., froml-Iollow Ingots, of which the following is a specilieaf tion.

In Letters Patent Nos. 278,340 and 325,938 of the United States, granted to me May 29, 1883, and September 8, 1885, respectively,l have shown and described machines for this purpose in which a pair of horizontal and a pair of vertical rolls are combined with a stationary mandrel, the article to be rolled being passed between the two pairs of rolls and over the mandrel. These machines, while advantageous in rolling some forms of pipe and. other tubular articles, have been found defective in rolling others, principally because of the fact that, as the article being rolled has to be passed back and forth several times between the rolls and over the mandrel to make the necessary reduction and produce the iinished article, considerable time is consumed in the operation, and as a result thereof the heated metal cools to such an extent as to render the rolling difficult in some cases, especially when the article is thin, and the finished product cannot in consequence be manufactured as cheaply as might be desired.

I have discovered that heated hollow ingots can be converted by rolling into seamless tubes, columns, and similar articles much more cheaply than by the method above described, by means of an organized machine composed of aser-ies of pairs of positivelydriven rolls and a tapered or conical mandrel extending through an d between the entire series of rolls, and held stationary in that position, whereby aheated hollow ingot can be reduced and elongated into a tubular article of the desired shape, size, and thickness of walls by a single pass through the rolls and over the conical or tapered mandrel. Furthermore, l have discovered that such articles can be manufactured much more rapidly by making the t-a `pered or conical mandrel immovable and arranging in connection with such mandrel supports or holders therefor, which permit of the heated ingot being passed over and onto the supported end of the mandrel without changing the relation of the mandrel to the rolls, whereby a number ot' ingots can be fed one after the other to the rolls, and every stage of the rolling operation canl be carried on simultaneously and continuously in the same machine.

The object of my invention is, lirsi, to pro` duce seamless tubes, columns, and other similar articles from hollow ingots by means of an organized machine consisting of a series of pairs of suitably-shaped rolls and of a tapered or conical mandrel `placed through and between the rolls and held stationary therein; second, to progressively roll and reduce a series of heated ingots into tubes or other hollow articles lin the same machine, so that the several stages of the operation, from the placing of the ingot in position to be fed to the rolls, the progressive rolling` and reducing of an ingot, and the delivery from between the rolls and off the mandrel of a completed tube, can be carried on simultaneously; third, in the product-ion of tubes, ttc., from heated iugots by means of an organized machine to prevent an uneven reduction of the walls of the tube; fourth, to support a tapered or conical mandrel between a series of pairs of rolls, so that a heated ingot can be placed in position for rolling without changing the position. of the mandrel; fifth, to provide means for operating independently the grips by which the mandrel is supported, and sixth, to provide means for cooling the mandrel without eX- posing the heated ingot to the cooling agent. These several objects are attained by means of devices or mechanism an d the arrangement thereof in an organized machine, which will now be described.

Figure l is an elevation of a machine embodying my invention, showing the end thereof .whence the article being rolled is delivered, with some of the' parts illustrated in section; Fig. 2, a plan view of such machine with some of the parts omitted and others shown in section; Fig. 3, a detail plan of the devices employed to support and hold the mandrel, the latter being illustrated partly in full and partly in broken lines; Fig. 4, an end elevation of such devices, the cylinder and piston for operating the gripper being shown in section; Figs. 5 and 6, detail views of the IOO gears for operating the rolls, Fig. 5 showing the train employed in connection with the horizontal series, and Fig. 6 the train employed in connection with the vertical series 5 Fig. 7, a horizontal section taken through t-he upper portion. of one of the grippers longitudinally of the mandrel and of a piece of tubing thereon, showing means for supplying water to the interior of the mandrel, and also the effect of the several pairs of rolls upon the article undergoing the rolling operation. Fig.

8, diagrams illustrating the various forms in cross-section given to the article by the several pairs of rolls as it passes through themachine. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view of grip D closed, and Fig. l0 a similar view of grip D' open. Fig. ll is a plan of the grips and brackets with kthe mandrel in position and held by one of the grips, the iirst two pairs of the series of rolls also being shown with the tapered portion of the mandrel between the rolls. Fig. 12 represents a sectional side elevation of the organized machine, showing the mandrel in position, and representing the operation of placing the ingot in the mandrel and feeding it to the rolls.

In all the figures like letters designate corresponding' parts.

A indicates the housing, which is or may be of any ordinary or preferred construction, and B B the rolls journaled therein, the same being arranged in pairs and so disposed as to bring them into alternate relation with the roll B placed in horizontal and the rolls B i placed in vertical positions. These rolls are each provided in its peripheral surface with a circumferential groove, I), which is of such shape in cross-section that when brought into relation with its companion or fellow roll the grooves in the two will together be of the form of the article to be rolled, and4 in order to cause the rolls of each pair to revolve positively together and in unison I connect their ends by means of gears h b2. 'lhe rolls are movable laterally for the purpose of placing the grooves in proper' relation to the mandrel,

and also with a view to their adjustment toward and from the mandrel, for the purpose of varying the .reduction ot' the article being rolled. To this end I lind it' convenient to mount their journals in movable bearings c c, which are arranged to slide in suitable guideways, (l d, formed in or upon'the housings A, and to effect the adjustment of such bearings by means of ad justing-screws e e, in the usual manner.

In the drawings I have not thought it necessary to illustrate the movable bearings for more than the upper journals of the vertical rolls; but it is to be understood that the bearings of the upper rolls of the horizontal series adjacent'I to the gears b', and in some instances all of the bearings for both the horizontal and vertical series, are made movable Vand adjustable in like manner to those specified. l

C is the mandrel, which is preferably, but

not necessarily, hollow, so that water can be circulated through it for cooling by means hereinafter described. The sides of the part of the mandrel that project between the rolls, and against which the tube is rolled and reduced, are'tapered, and thereby the-mandrel is given a conical form. The larger end corresponding to the base of the cone 'does not exceed the internal diameter of the ingot that is to be converted into a tube, while the opposite end is of less diameter than the internal diameter of the finished tube made from the ingot.

By reference to Fig. 7 it willbe seen that the peripheries of the grooves of the several pairs of rolls bear such a relation to the mandrel that a line drawn so as to connect the successive peripheries would be parallel to the adjacent tapering or inclined side of the mandrel. Thus the rolling and reduction of the ingot takes place between two inclined planes-one (the conical mandrel) being stationary and continuous, and the other, formed by the grooves in the rolls, being movable and not continuous. metal while passing through the machine is prevented from binding on the mandrel, and at the same time a perfect support for the walls of the tube at the several points where the reduction takes place is afforded. As the tubular ingot is reduced in diameter at the pass of each pair of rolls, and it also contracts from loss of heat, it 'follows that if the mandrel should be of the saine diameter as the internal diameter of the ingot at a point beyond the pass of one or more pairs of rolls the slightest contraction would cause the ingot to shrink against the mandrel, and, as.

the process consists in passing the ingot over the mandrel lengthwise, by such shrinkage it would become practically immovable, especially as the same effect would necessarily be produced at every pair of rolls between which the ingot passed. 'lo prevent such a result is the object I have in View in using a tapering or conical mandrel in connection with rolls placed at right angles to the axis of said mandrel. By this construction the mandrel is of less diameter than the ingot at every point ol' its length, except immediately at the biic of each pair of rolls, where the reduction takes place,so that when the ingot undergoing reduction passes the lbite of one pair of rolls the reduction in the diameter is suliicient to compensate for the contraction from loss ofheat. rlhusno binding of the ingot to the mandrel can take place, and the rolling and reduction can be performed with less power and more rapidity and safety, owing to the absence of resistance by the mandrel, and the liability of buckling the ingot between the rolls is entirely avoided.

In order to resist the strain put upon the mandrel and grippers during the rolling, I provide the brackets or standards H H ,which are arranged in close relation to the grippers IOO IIO

IIS

D D',respectively, and upon the side of them toward which the strain is applied, so that as the ingot or other article is being carried through the machine the grippers will be dra-wn against such brackets or standards, and the strain put upon the 4mandrel by it will therebybe resisted. These brackets or standards may be constructed in any approved l'orm that will insure the necessary strength, and are each provided with an aperture, n, through its upper end for the reception ot' the mandrel, which is of a diameter somewhatlarger than' the ingot or other article to be rolled, in order to permit of its being' passed therethrough. In the drawings I have shown these brackets or standards as provided with a hub, p, against which the grippers abut when strain is put upon the mandrel 5 but these are not deemed essential, and may be omitted, it" so desired.

r'lhe mandrel above described may be constructed either solid or hollow, as may be desired. IVhen the latter construction is employed, I Iind it ad visa-ble to provide means for cooling the same, and for this purpose I make use of devices for insuring` the circulation of water therein. Various combinations an d arrangements of parts may be adopted for the accomplishment of this result. I prefer, however, to avail myselt` of the devices illustrated in liig. 7, as being the most efficient aud convenient for this duty. In this construction a lIiexible or other suitable pipe or tube, q, extending from the main or other water-supply, communicates with a cylindrical recess, q', located in the inner face of one of the jaws of the grippers D'. Adjacent. to this recess, in the mandrel C, is formed a correspondugly-shaped orifice, q2, with which, when the gripper is grasping the mandrel, suoli recess registers, and within this orifice is secured the short tube or chamber g3, having projecting laterally from its inner end and extending` into the mandrel to a point near its forward extremity the pipe q'. Oppostte to the oriee q2, and preferably in rear of the same, is formed, through the side of the mandrel, a second orifice, qs, in which is also secured a short tube or chamber, Q6, the outer end of which registers with a correspondingly-shaped recess, qi, located in the other jaw of the gripper, which in turn communicates with a suitable tube or pipe, qs. By these means water admitted to the pipe or tube q will pass through the same and through the recess q', thence through the tube o1' chamber qi', thence through the pipe g", and be discharged within the mandrel at a point near its inner end. The water thus conveyed to the interior of the mandrel will, ai'tcr having' been discharged, `fiow back along thc same to the tube or chamber q, whence it will pass through such tube, thence through the recess ql, and thence through the pipe or tube qs, and thereby be conveyed-away from the machine. The de- Vices for conducting the water to and away from the mandrel being thus carried by the jaws of one of the grippers, will move toward faceof the mandrel the heated ingot may, in'

the operations of the machines, be passed on over one end of the same and the finished product off oveithe otherwithout interfering with such water-circulating devices.

In order to prevent the discharge of theA water carried. by the circulating devices upon the ingot when the same is being passed on over the mandrel, and when the gripper D is open, I provide the recess q', the tube or chamber g3, and the orifice g5 with suitable check-valves, 0'1"/1'2, respecthely, which are so arranged as to be automatically closed when the gripper is open, and thereby to out off the flow of water from both the inductionpipe q and :from the interior of the mandrel. The closing of the valve r is effected by the action of the water in passing over it; butin the case of the valves r' f/"f2 a light coiled spring, s, acting against each of said valves is required. To effect the opening' of these valves and the proper How of water when the ingot has been passed on over the end of the -mandrel andthe gripper being closed, the

valves 'r lr' are each `j u'ovided on its under or outer side with a stem, t, which is of such length that when the jaws of the gripper are closing upon the mandrel the stems of the valve will strike together, forcing such valves back away from their seats, and thereby opening them to the iow et water, which, having iilled the interior of the mandrel,wi1l force back against its spring s the valve fr and pass out through the same.

The mechanism for rotating the several pairs of horizontal and vertical rolls is shown in Figs. l, 2, 5, and 6, the same consisting of the trains of gearsI I'. the., and K K', &e., mounted upon the shafts L L', &c., and M M', dsc., respectively, which are carried in suitable bearings in the respective housings N and O. These gears, instead ofbein g of a diam-` eter to rotate all the rolls at the same surface velocity, are so proportioned as to drive them at progressive pair which rec i i s the ingots to the pair which discharges the finished product, the amount of increase in the velocity ot' each succeeding' pair being' sufficient to not only cause them to feed forward in a given time the same length ot the ingot as the preceding pair, but also the additional length ol' the saine occasioned bythe reduction therein iu passing' between them. i

The proportion olf the various gears comprising the two trains is best shown iu Figs. 5 and l5, in which l@ andM indicate the shafts for operating the first pai r of horizontal and vertical rolls, B and B', respectively, and LG v-increasing velocities from the IOO and M3 the shafts for operating th'e last pairs thereof, these several shafts being connected alternately by means of the sleeves or couplings P P to the upper roll of one pair and to the under roll of the next pair of the horizontal series, and to the left-hand roll of one pair and tothe right-hand roll of the next pair of the vertical series, and so on throughout each series.

As thus constructed, the operation of the machine is as follows: The ingot having been properly heated, the gripper D is opened and the ingot passed on over the rear end of the mandrel and through the bracket or standard H. The gripper D is then closed and the gripper D opened and the ingot carried forward through the bracket or standard H and into the bite of the lirst pair of vertical rolls. The gripper Dl is then closed, the machine started by applying power to .any one of the horizontal and vertical shafts, and the ingot will be carried through between the several pairs of rolls and delivered by the last pair thereof as a finished pipe or other article.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the ingot and various forms given to it by the several pairs of rolls as it passes through the machine. At l0 is illustrated the ingot as it enters the machine, at ll as it appears after passing the first pair of rolls, at l2 after passing the second pair of rolls, and so on to 16, where the iinished pipe is portrayed as it leaves the machine, the several pairs of rolls as it passes between them serving to reduce not only the thickness of its walls, but also the diameter of its bore.

lVhile I have in the foregoing disclosed the best means contemplated by me for carrying my invention into practice, Iwish it distinctly understood that I do not limit myself strictly thereto, as it is obvious that the same maybe modified in various ways without departing from the spirit thereof-as, for instance, instead of employing eight pairs of rolls, as shown herein, I may make use of a greater or less number of pairs, and instead of so disposing t-he rolls as to bring them into hori- Yzontal and vertical series I may arrange them in such a manner as to bring the axes of both series in planes oblique to the horizon, it being only essential that the axes of the two series be placed in planes which are substantially at right angles to each other.

Having thus described my invention and one way in which it is or maybe carriedinto effect, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s

l'. In an organized machine for rolling seamless tubes and similar articles, the combination, with a series of pairs of rolls arranged for progressively rolling an ingot into a tube or similar article, of the stationary tapering or conical mandrel projected between said rolls, and suitable supports for said mandrel, Substantially as speciied.

2. In an organized machine for rolling seamless tubes and similar articles, the combination, with the grooved rolls of said machine, of the tapering or conical mandrel projected between said rolls and centered in the grooves thereof, and suitable supports for the said mandrel, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a series of pairs of positively-driven rolls provided with suitable grooves and arranged for progressively rolling an ingot into a tube or similar article, of a tapering or conical mandrel projected between and centered in grooves in the said r.lls, and suitable grips or holders that grasp the mandrel at' several points and are susceptible of being separately released from the mandrel to permit an ingot to be passed ontothe mandrel and thence to and through the rolls without removing the mandrel from the machine, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with a mandrel of a rolling-machine, of grippers for grasping and supporting the same, a cylinder and piston for operating each of said grippers, suitable pipes and valves for conducting the operating agent to and away from said cylinder and controlling its movements, and brackets or standards for operating in connection wit-h said grippers, substantially as described.

5. A gripper for grasping the end of the mandrel of a rolling-machine, consisting of two levers pivoted together near their middles and provided in their upper ends with .recesses of the same shape as the mandrel, combined with a steam-cylinder, a piston fitted to operate therein, suitable pipes and regulating devices for controlling the ow of steam or other actuating agent to and from said cylinder, and connecting devices between the lower ends of the levers composing the gripper and the piston, substantially as described.

G. The combination, with ahollow mandrel and a gripper for grasping the same, of de: vices carried by said gripper for conducting water to and away from the mandrel when said mandrel is grasped by the gripper, and mechanism for cutting off the supply of water and' preventing the escape of the same from said supply or from the interior of the mandrel wheli'the gripper is released from the mandrel, substantially as described. 7. The gripper D, consisting of the two le vers f f, pivoted together near their centers and provided in their upper ends with recesses t' t and q cf, combined with their hollow mandrel C, provided with the orifices q2 g5, tubes qi Q6, pipes q Q4 g8, the valves r r, r2, springs s, and means for opening and closing the grippers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereun to set my hand this 23d day of December, 1887.

CHARLES KELLOGG.

IVitnesses:

LoUIs SPADER, JAMES B. LARKIN.

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