US396557A - Zerland - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

H 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. B. GMUR 8; 0. PLATZ. DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIO PURPOSES.

Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

N. PEIERS. PhuwLnho n her. Washmgfinn. D. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. GMUR & O. FLATZ.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIG PURPOSES. No. 396,557., Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

B. GMUR'& O. FLATZ.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIO PURPOSES. No. 396,557. Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

Zita/7720?;-

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

B. GMUR & 0. PLATZ. DYNAMO FOR TBLEGRAPHIO PURPOSES.

No. 396,557. Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcE.

BERTHOLI) GMUR, OF SCHAXIS, AND OTTO FLATZ, OF NIEDERI'RNEX, SWIT- ZERLAND, ASSIGNOBS OF ONE-HALF TO BRONISLAV DEISENBEBG, OF TRAVNIK, BOSNIA, AND JOSEPH GMI R, OF SCI'IANIS, SIVITZERLAXD.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIC PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,557, dated January 22, 1889.

Application filed June 9, 1888. Serial No, 276,564. No model.)

To (ZZZ whom it may concern: results, whereby the armature speed of the Be it known that we, BERTHOLD GM'UR, a dynamo will be constant, as well as its eleccitizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residtro-motive force.

ing at Schanis, in the Republic of Switzerland, By switching with a special switch the two 5 and OTTO FLATZ, a subject of the Emperor of shunt-coils of the field magnet in multiple Austria, residing at Niederurnen, in the Reare or in series it becomes easy to change the public of Switzerland, have invented certain electro-motive force of the dynamo nearly innew and useful Improvements in Generating stantly according to the resistance of the tele- Electric Currents for Telegraphic and Telegraph-circuitthat is to say, to get in this 10 phonic Purposes, (which has not been patway currents for local or line circuits. Be-

ented to ourselves or to others with our knowlsides this, the electro-motive force of the cur- 6o edge or consent in any country) of which the rent-generator may be changed by altering following is a specification. the working weight of the motor. Every case Our invention consists in the combination produces anew state of equilibrium answer- I 5 of a dynamo or magneto electric machine esing to a given steady tension at the poles of pecially designed and wound for this purthe dynamo. The apparatus having, therepose with a weight motor provided with a fore, in consequence of its construction a hoisting mechanism. The telegraph-operator steady speed of armature, needs no special is enabled by this contrivance to effect a conspeed-regulator and no extra resistance-coils 2o stant traction on the dynamo or magneto for the outside circuit. In consequence of the electric machine by his personal labor and relatively high resistance of the field-magnet without being hindered in his other duties, coils and their relatively small magnetizing and he can by these means generate an inpower in comparison with other shunt-dyexpensive, steady, and always ready current names, and in proportion to the electro-mo- 25 for telegraphic and telephonic purposes intive force of this dynamo, (for instance, the

stead of by using galvanic batteries. electro-motive force of this dynamo being The resistance of the shunt-coils which are about forty volts, the resistance of the shuntwound on the field-magnet of the dynamocircuit formed by the field-magnet coils will electric machine is about one-third to onebe about five hundred ohms.) the mostpart 0 fifteenth as much as the resistance of the outof the horseshoe of the field-magnet is made side circuit formed by the receiving appaof cast-iron, so as to always have sufficient 8o ratus (sounders, registers, relays, &c.) and remnant of magnetism, that the apparatus the telegraph-lines. In consequence the elecmay give current immediately and show in atrical energy needed by the outside circuit few seconds the proper speed and electro-mo 5 will be only a small portion of the whole meti e force. I

chanical work which the dynamo-electric ma- By the combination of our special weight- 8 5 chine has to transmit into electrical energy. motor with the currcnt-generator the rotation In consequence of this proportion of resistof the armature in always the same direction ance of dynamo-shunt and the outside ciris secured, and by further details of construc- 4o cuit the intensity of the current in the armation, set forth in the description hereinafter,

ture-wire is nearly independent from switchthe security of and ease in working the ap- 9o ing the outside circuit on or off by the teleparatus is guaranteed by the possibility of graph-key. Therefore the mechanical work immediately starting or stopping it.

- obtained from the weight-motor being always In the accompanying drawings, which form 45 nearly the same, the outside circuit being part of this specification, Figure 1 represents switched on or off, and as the traction of the a sectional side elevation of the apparatus. 5 weight on the armature of the dynamo due Fig. 3 represents an end elevation, partly in to the construction of the motor being necessection. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparasarily always the same, a state of equilibrium tus. Fig. is a detail section along the shaft of the ratchet-wheels. Fig. 5.is a detail view of the brake mechanism. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the switch on the line 0 c, Fig. 7; and Fig. 7 is a plan view of part of the dynamo and switch.

A cast iron or other frame, a, is placed over the cut-out top of a table, t, or other suitable support. The shafts b c d of the dented wheels 1), b and U are journaled in suitable bearings in the f *ame a. The wheel Z2 gears into a pinion, c, on the armature-shaft of the dynamo, the wheel 11 gears into a pinion, 0 on the shaft Z), and the wheel 1) gears into a pinion, c, on the shaft 0. A chain-wheel, 7:, is fastened on the shaft d of the dented wheel 1) The shaft 6 supports most of the hoisting mechanism, as follows: Fastened on the shaft 6 is a chain-wheel, k, and also two ratchetwheels, 5 and .2' preferably on opposite sides of the chain-wheel 7t. Hung loosely on this shaft 6 is ahoisting-pulley,r,which is secured against lateral displacement by a steady ring, 0 on one side, and the ratchet-wheel 2' on the other side.

cc and 90 are two clicks, which. are in gear in the teeth of the ratchet-wheels z and .2 respectively. The pivot of the click cc, which is in gear with the ratchet-wheel z, is fastened to the frame a, (see Fig. 4,) and the pivot of the click 00 is fastened to the pulley r. The click 00 is pressed against the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 5 by a spring, 05 secured to the pulley r.

The mechanism 1/ b 12 &c., is put in motion by a weight, f, preferably consisting of several removable plates. The weight f hangs by the pulley 1", carried thereby in a loop of the endless chain on, which chain is laid over the chain-wheel k and over pulleys r 0' and hung in the frame over a pulley, r carried by aweight, f, over the chain-wheel Ac on the shaft 6 and over the pulley r. The chain is kept. straight by the small counter-weight f, that carries the pulley n is a. chain that serves for hoisting the weight f. Said chain is connected at one end to the pedal Z. It passes thence over the leading pulley r hung in the frame and over the hoisting-pulley 0', to which it is fastened. It thenproceeds to a spring, 5, to which at n the other end of the chain is connected. The opposite end of the spring 8 is linked in a fixture, n joining the table-legs. A stop, a, limits the upward movement of the weight f. The iron frame (L also supports the currentgenerator.

In the foregoing description and accompanying drawings it is shown how the effect of the weight-motor isconveyed to the armature of the dynamo by means of toothed wheels. If preferred, the transmission of the effect of the weight-motor to the dynamo may be made by means of pulleys and belts, or by frictionwheels, in place of the toothed wheels.

The current-generator is a so-called shuntdynamo with a drum-armature. The iron cores E of the field-magnet are wound with shunt-coils E and the pillow-block A is screwed on the cast-iron bed-plate G of the dynamo. The bed -plate therefore joins both magnetcores and completes the magnetical horseshoe. A bearing, B, is cast in the bed plate. The shaft 0 of the armature lies in the bearings A and ll and the armature is almost completely inclosed by the 'pole-pieces ofv the field-magnet. The pins of the brushholders are fixed and isolated on a frame, C, which is movable around the shaft of the armature. The brush-frame is pressed to a disk cast to the bearing B by two flat springs, V. The brushes D may be pressed to the collector in any suitable well-known manner. Two wires or cables, d", join the brush-pins with two contact-pieces of the switcher U.

The brushes preferably consist each of two cylindrical bundles of thin copper wires held together by a German-silver binding-piece. On the free end of the armature or drum shaft 0 outside the pillow-block A, are fixed the pinion c and a brake-disk, B. The currentswitcher U is screwed on the pole-pieces of the field-magnet E and consists of four contact-pieces, 1 2 3 fixed on a little board. Said contact-pieces are adapted to be joined by a movable cross or switch, F, consisting of two copper or other bars, F and F isolated from each other by the insulator F which cross or switch F makes contacts with 1, 2,. and 4 by its own elasticity. One of the bars of the switch F is provided with a handle, f The contact-pieces 1 and 3 are connected with the cables (1, coming from the brush-holders, and also with wires (Z (1, coming from the outside circuitnamely, the one from the ground and the other from the telegraph-line.

The two inner terminals of the shunt-coils of the field-magnet are joined to the contactpieces 1 and 3, while the other terminals of these shunt-coils are joined to the contactpieces 2 and 4c. lVhen the handle f of the cross or switch lever F is moved to the left,

it makes contact between the pieces 2 and 4,

whereby the shunt-coils of the field-magnet are switchedin series. If the cross-lever F is moved to the right, the contact-pieces 1 and 4 will be joined as well as 2 and 3, and so the shunt-coils of the field-magnet will be switched in multiple are. If the lever stands in the central position, as shown in the drawings, the two ends of the outside circuit will be joined directly and the coils of the dynamo' machine switched off from the outside circuit, and therefore protected against lightning.

The brake is constructed as follows; A small iron bar, N, that lies in a bearing in the cast-iron bed-plate G of the dynamo-machine, is provided with a handle, L, at one end, and at its other end with an elastic tongue, N. On the iron bar N is a pin, 1 which limits the turning of said bar to an angle of, say, ninety degrees. The elastic tongue Nis so applied that by turning the brake off it conveys to the armature a turning motion in the direction of rotation, resulting'also' of the table may be guaranteed by a joining iron bar, q,which serves also as an axis to the pedal Z of the hoisting mechanism.

If the apparatus is to be put in use for a telegraphic correspondence, the operator disengages the brake by turning the lever L to the left, and therewith conveys a powerful turning motion to the armature in the direction of the weight-traction. The effect of the weightmotor produces the normal speed needed by the current-generator shaft 0 in a few seconds. It the normal speed is wanted in even less time, it suffices to increase the 2 pressure on the pedal, whereby the weightpulley r is stopped in its upgoing course by r the stopu and an accelerated rotation on the armature is effected. As soon as the dynamo has reached its normal velocity, the electrical current is ready for use for correspondence. At certain intervals the big weight must be lifted by pressure on the pedal. The downward motion of the pedal Z gives to the pulley '2' a turning motion to the right. The ratchetwheels .2 and .2 and the chain-wheel 7r. being fastened on the shaft 6, and the click a2, being in gear with the ratchet-wheel .2 the shaft 6, carrying the chain-wheel k, must follow the turning motion of the pulley r to the right, whereby the weight f is lifted. At the raising of the foot and the return of the pedal effected by the spring 8 drawing on the chain a the pulley r and the click come back to their former places. The click 1 ,fastened to the frame a, prevents the return of the two ratchet-wheels and the chain-wheel is. hen

the correspondence is ended, the brake-lever is to be turned to the right, the brake-disk enters between the elastic tongue N of the brake, and the whole mechanism is stopped by friction.

If a high electro-motive force for a line-circuit is wanted from the dynamo, the lever F of the switcher U should be turned to the i left, whereby the magnetizing-shunt of the dynamo is formed by the two coils of the tield- If a low electrol magnet switched in series. motive force is wanted to act between relay and sounder or register, the switcher F must be turned to the right, whereby the two coils E of the field-magnet are switched in multiple are, giving a shunt of one-fourth the resistance in the former case. Immediately the speed of the mechanism will be brought down and the current-generator will give the de sired electron1otive force for the local circuit.

During tlninder-storms the switch-lever F must stand in the middle. The dynamo is then switched off from the outside circuit. If the operator wants for his correspondence a higher or lower electro-motive force, this l can also be effected by increasing or decreasing the working-weight j, which change of weight can be made quite easily.

In usingamagneto-electric machine in combination with this weight-motor the most part of the armature-eurrent is to be consumed in a steady or changeable resistance base of about one-third to one-fifteenth as much resistance as that of the respective outside circuit. The poles of the resistance-coil should 5 be in contact with the poles of the magnetoelectric machine. There results by the above arrangement of using magneto-electric machines in combination with our weight-motor .a state of equilibrium with constant speed i and constant electro-motive force which is independent from switching the outside circuit 3 on or off, as has been described for dynamoelectrical machines.

The new practical elfects and advantages of our invention consist First. In the possibility of using dynamo- 3 electric currents for telegraphic and telel phonic purposes, so that the galvanic batteries now in use can be dispensed with for large and small stations without need of other 1 power than the small physical effort of the 1 telegraph-operator. This is attained by our 1 peculiar construction of the dynamo in combination with the described weight-motor, wherewith an ever and evei vwhere ready and inexpensive electric source for all telegraphic work is given. l Second. In the mssibility of using this j electrical source for all respective distances t'or line-circuits, and also for local circuits, having only, when adjusting the apparatus gfor another distance, to turn the dynamoswitcher or to change the amount of the drivfing-weight, there being no need of putting i any extra resistances in the outside circuit. Third. In always having the same current I in the outside circuit, resulting from the conistant electrical tension at the poles of the l dynamo or magneto electric machine, and for this reason the injurious and time-consuming adjustments of the receiving apparatus are 1 overcome. 1 Fourth. In the very small amount of space needed for the whole apparatus. l Fifth. In the simplicity of all the details of the apparatus, which apparatus possesses at the same time the necessary stability, being easily transported, worked, and stopped.

Having now described our invention, what we claim is- 1. A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing a chain-wheel, 71', an endless chain, at, having two loops, one of said i loops engaging the wheel 7;, a weight, f, carryjing a roller, r, that is placed in one of the loops of the chain 272, and chain-wheel 7r, for the chain m, ratchet 2 rigid with said wheel k, and pulley '1', having a pawl, 00 to engage the ratchet-wheel F2 and a treadle, 7, con

nected by a chain, 'n,to the pulley 1, combined with a dynamo or magneto electric machine,

all arranged and operating substantially as herein shown and described.

2. A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing a chaii'i-wheel, Ir, an endless chain, on, having two loops, one of said loops engaging the wheel Ir, a weight, f, carrying a roller, r, that is placed in one of the loops of the chain m, and chain-wheel It, for the chain m, ratchet 2 rigid with said wheel 71), and pulley '7, having a pawl, .90 to engage the ratchet-wheel 2 and a treadle, Z, connected by a chain, 91, to the pulley 1*, combined with a dynamo-electric machine provided with a field-magnet made of a metallic conductor for retaining magnetism, said field-magnet bei ing wound with shunt-coils of high resistance and magnetized with small current-power, whereby the dynamo will give quick and certain currents with the speed obtained from said weight-motor, substantially as described.

A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing a chain-wheel, 7;, an endless chain, vn, having two loops, one of said loops engaging the wheel 75, aweight,f, carrying a roller, 2", that is placed in one of the loops of the chain on, and chain-wheel La, for the chain in, ratchet 5' rigid with said wheel 70, and pulley '2, having a pawl, 13 to engage the ratchet wheel .2 and a treadle, 1, connected by a chain, 91, to the pulley '2', combined with a dynamo-electric machine having a fieldmagnet consisting of a cast-iron bed-plate, two l iron cores secured to said bed-plate, said cores being wound with shunt-coils of high resist ance that are magnetized with small currentpower, all arranged and operating substantially as herein shown and described.

4. A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing a chain-wheel, 7c, an endless chain, m, having two loops, one of said loops engaging the wheel k, a weight, f, car ying a roller, 0 that is placed in one of the loops of the chain on, and chain-wheel k, for the chain in, ratchet .2 rigid with said wheel 76', and pulley 0', having a pawl, .12 to engage the ratchet-wheel 2 and a treadle, Z, connected by a chain, 21, to the pulley 1*, combined with a dynamo-electric machine hayin g a fieldinagnet that is wound with shunt-coils of about one-third to one-fifteenth as much resistance as that of the respective outside circuit, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. In a dynamo-machine, the cores E, having shun t-coils E E, combined with the switch U, having contact-pieces 1, 2, 3, and l, that are connected to the shunt-coils and brushes, as described, and with the cross-switch F, that is adapted to engage two or more of the contact-pieces 1 2 3 4 at a time, whereby the field-magnet may be switched into series or multiple arc, and whereby the coils of the dynamo may be cut off from the outside circuit to protect the dynamo from lightning, sub stantially as described.

(1. In a dynamo or magneto electrical ma chine for telegraphic or telephonic purposes, the armature-shaft c and the disk B, carried by said shaft, combined with the brake consisting of the bar N, handle L, and elastic tongue N, all arranged substantially as herein shown and described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BERTHOLD GMUR, OTTO FLATZ.

\Yitnesses:

EMIL BLUM, WILLIAM SCHNEIDER.

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