Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C55/00—Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C55/24—Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing more than three carboxyl groups

Definitions

• ETHANETETRACARBOXYLATE PERI-IYDRATES [75] Inventors: John N. Rapko, St. Louis; Marvin M. Crutchfield, Creve Coeur, both of Mo.
• ABSTRACT Ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrates represented by the formula wherein M is alkali metal or ammonium are useful as complexing agents and as sources of hydrogen peroxide.
• the compounds are particularly useful as ingredients of detergent formulations wherein they provide detergency building, bleaching, and disinfectant functionality.
• This invention relates to novel ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrates useful as complexing agents for various metal and alkaline earth metal ions (particularly ions such as calcium and magnesium which contribute to hardness of water) and which serve as sources of hydrogen peroxide to provide oxidizing, bleaching and disinfectant functionality.
• the compounds of this invention are ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrates whose structure, synthesis, and use will be understood from the following description of the preferred embodiments.
• the compounds of the present invention are represented by the formula iOOM iOOM H H H O (ZOOM OOM wherein M is alkali metal or ammonium.
• M alkali metal or ammonium.
• the compound wherein M is sodium is particularly preferred.
• the compounds of the present invention are conveniently prepared by reacting tetra alkali metal or ammonium ethane tetracarboxylate with aqueous hydrogen peroxide. Reaction conditions such as concentration, temperature, pressure, etc. do not appear to be critical.
• the reaction can conveniently be conducted using anhydrous or hydrated ethane tetracarboxylate and 30-50% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide at ambient temperature (about 25C.) and atmospheric pressure.
• Product is isolated by drying the mixture (preferably at ambient temperature).
• the ethane tetracarboxylate employed in the synthesis of the compound of the present invention is a well known material whose preparation is described in the literature.
• the ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrates of this invention are useful as agents for complexing metal and- /or alkaline earth metal ions in aqueous media.
• the amount of tetracarboxylate required to effectively complex the ions in a given system will depend, to some extent, on the particular polycarboxylate salt being used and the particular metal or alkaline earth metal ions in the aqueous media. Generally, complexing is more effective in basic solution. Optimum conditions and amounts of complexing agent can readily be determined by routine experimentation.
• the compounds of this invention are utilized in substantially the same manner as sodium perborate. Since the ethane carboxylate moiety associated with the hydrogen peroxide provides building functionality, the compound offers particular advantages as contrasted to perborates wherein the boron moiety is relatively inert with regard to detergency functionality.
• the ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrates are particularly useful as bleaching agents and as builders in detergent formulations.
• the use of the alkali metal salts, particularly the sodium salt, is preferred.
• the detergent formulations will contain at least 1% by weight and preferably at least 5% by weight of the ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrate of this invention. In order to obtain the maximum advantages, the use of from 5 to is particularly preferred. If the detergent formulation contains nitrogen containing compounds capable of forming N O adducts it may be desirable to limit the amount of perhydrate present in order to inhibit the formation of such adducts. Suitable quantities can be determined by routine testing.
• the ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrate compound can be the sole detergency builder of the formulation or can be utilized in combination with other detergency builders which may constitute from 0 to by weight of the total builders in the formulation.
• builders which can be employed in combination with the novel compounds of this invention include water soluble inorganic builder salts such as alkali metal polyphosphates, i.e., the tripolyphosphates and pyrophosphates, alkali metal carbonates, borates, bicarbonates and silicates and water soluble organic builders including amino polycarboxylic acids and salts such as alkali metal nitrilotriacetates, cycloalkane polycarboxylic acids and salts, ether polycarboxylates, alkyl polycarboxylates, epoxy polycarboxylates, tetrahydrofuran polycarboxylates such as 1,2,3,4 or 2,2,5,5 tetrahydrofuran tetracarboxylates, benzene polycarboxylates, oxidized starches, amino (trimethylene phosphonic acid) and its salts, diphosphonic acids and salts (e.g., methylene diphosphonic acid; l
• the detergent formulations will generally contain from 5 to 95% by weight total builder (although greater or lesser quantities may be employed if desired) which,
• ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrate compounds of this invention may be solely the ethane tetracarboxylate perhydrate compounds of this invention or mixtures of such compounds with other builders.
• the total amount of builder employed will be dependent on the intended use of the detergent formulation, other ingredients of the formulation, pH conditions and the like.
• general laundry powder formula tions will usually contain 20 to 60% builder; liquid dishwashing formulations 1 1 to 12% builder; machine dishwashing formulations 60 to 90% builder.
• Optimum levels of builder content as well as optimum mixtures of builders of this invention with other builders for various uses can be determined by routine tests in accordance with conventional detergent formulation practice.
• the detergent formulations will also contain a water soluble detergent surfactant. Any water soluble ani onic, nonionic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant can be employed.
• Suitable anionic surfactants include soaps such as the salts of fatty acids containing about 9 to 20 carbon atoms, e.g., salts of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow; alkyl benzene sulfonates-particularly linear alkyl benzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains from 10 to 16 carbon atoms; alcohol sulfates; ethoxylates alcohol sulfates; hydroxy alkyl sulfonates; alkyl sulfates and sulfonates monoglyceride sulfates; acid condensates of fatty acid chlorides with hydroxy alkyl sulfonates and the like.
• soaps such as the salts of fatty acids containing about 9 to 20 carbon atoms, e.g., salts of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow; alkyl benzene sulfonates-particularly linear alkyl benzene s
• nonionic surfactants include alkylene oxide (e.g., ethylene oxide) condensates of mono and polyhydroxy alcohols, alkyl phenols, fatty acid amides, and fatty amines; amine oxides; sugar derivatives such as sucrose monopalmitate; long chain tertiary phosphine oxides; dialkyl sulfoxides; fatty acid amides, (e.g., mono or diethanol amides of fatty acids containing 10 to 18 carbon atoms), and the like.
• alkylene oxide e.g., ethylene oxide
• fatty acid amides e.g., mono or diethanol amides of fatty acids containing 10 to 18 carbon atoms
• Suitable zwitterionic surfactants include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds such as 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) propane-l-sulfonate and 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N- hexadecylammonio)-2-hydroxy propane-l-sulfonate.
• amphoteric surfactants include betains, sulfobetains and fatty acid imidazole carboxylates and sulfonates.
• surfactants are by no means comprehensive and that numerous other surfactants are known to those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the choice and use of surfactants will be in accordance with well understood practices of detergent formulation. For example, anionic surfactants, particularly linear alkyl benzene sulfonate are preferred for use in general laundry formulations, whereas low foaming nonionic surfactants are preferred for use in machine dishwashing formulations.
• the quantity of surfactant employed in the detergent formulations will depend on the surfactant chosen and the end use of the formulation. In general, the formulations will contain from 5 to 50% surfactant by weight, although as much as 95% or more surfactant may be employed if desired. For example, general laundry powder formulations normally contain 5 to 50%, preferably to 25% surfactant; machine dishwashing formulations 0.5 to 5%; liquid dishwashing formulations 20 to 45%.
• the weight ratio of surfactant to builder will generally be in the range of from 1:12 to 2:1.
• detergent formulations may contain fillers such as so- EXAMPLE I
• Fillers such as so- EXAMPLE I
• Ten grams anhydrous tetrasodium-1,1,2,2-ethane tetracarboxylate are dissolved in 15 ml. of 50% aqueous hydrogen peroxide. The mixture is evaporated to yield a solid which is further dried over a desiccant at a temperature of about 25C.
• the resulting tetrasodium ethane1,1,2,2-tetracarboxylate perhydrate COONa COONa H CH n 0 OONa COONa is a crystalline material exhibiting the following Cu K-a X-ray diffraction pattern.
• EXAMPLE ll Detergent formulations are prepared containing about 17 parts linear sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate having an average molecular weight of about 230; 8.5 parts silicate having a 1:2 ratio of Na O:SiO 24.5 parts sodium sulfate and 50 parts tetra sodium ethanel,l,2,2-tetracarboxylate perhydrate. This composition is compared in cleaning effectiveness on polyester/cotton and cotton fabrics with an otherwise identical composition containing no tetra sodium ethane-1,1,2,2-tetracarboxylate perhydrate.
• Detergency performance of the formulations containing the builder as determined by measurement of the difference in reflectance of washed and unwashed samples averages twice that of the formulation containing no tetra sodium ethane- 1,1 ,2,2-tetracarboxylate perhydrate. Similar results are obtained with formulations containing 25 parts and 38 parts tetra sodium ethane-l,1,2,2-tetracarboxylate perhydrate.
• the formulations are also found to provide effective bleaching of the fabrics at wash temperatures above 90C. in absence of bleach activators and at lower temperatures (5060C.) if activators such as these previously referred to are employed.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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• 1974
  • 1974-07-15 US US488382A patent/US3929875A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1975
  • 1975-07-11 FR FR7521987A patent/FR2278682A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1975-07-11 NL NL7508303A patent/NL7508303A/xx unknown
  • 1975-07-14 IT IT25388/75A patent/IT1039254B/it active
  • 1975-07-14 ES ES439370A patent/ES439370A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1975-07-14 CA CA231,442A patent/CA1045153A/en not_active Expired
  • 1975-07-14 BE BE158260A patent/BE831325A/xx unknown
  • 1975-07-14 JP JP50085426A patent/JPS5133106A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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