US3926031A

US3926031A - Deburring device with oppositely acting deburring elements

Info

Publication number: US3926031A
Application number: US543271*A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hildaur L Neilsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1975-01-23
Filing date: 1975-01-23
Publication date: 1975-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 1992-12-16

Abstract

Opposite side portions of an edge of a workpiece of sheet material are peened to smoothness by two peening tools oppositely acting upon said side portions through coaction with a rotary hammer resiliently carried within a housing. A first one of said tools is vibratorily actuated directly by said hammer to peen one of said side edge portions while the other of said tools is actuated indirectly by said hammer through vibratory reaction of the latter to its direct actuation of the first tool which reaction is effective through said housing and a rigid stem of the housing which supports said other tool.

Description

United States Patent Neilsen 1 Dec. 16, 1975 948,029 H1964 United Kingdom 173/123 [76] Inventor: Hildaur L. Neilsen, 2 Juniper St., p w Lanham Metuchen, 08840 Assistant Examiner-Gene P. Crosby [22] Filed: Jan. 23, 1975 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Robert Henderson [211 App]. No.: 543,271

57 AB TRA T [52] US. Cl. 72/407; 29/90 A; 72/429; 1 s C I t Cl 2 72/452; Opposite side portions of an edge of a workpiece of [58 6 4 sheet material are peened to smoothness by two peen- 0 g/ ing tools oppositely acting upon said side portions through coaction with a rotary hammer resiliently car- [56] R f d ried within a housing. A first one of said tools is vieerences lte bratorily actuated directly by said hammer to peen UNITED STATES PATENTS one of said side edge portions while the other of said 1,040,424 10/1912 Salt 1. 173/123 tools is actuated indirectly by said hammer through 3,149,681 9/1964 Drew i. 173/97 vibratory reaction of the latter to its direct actuation .2 .01 8/1966 D e 173/9 of the first tool which reaction is effective through 1411594 11/1968 f 72/452 said housing and a rigid stem of the housing which 3.701087 12/1972 Neilson 72/429 pp Said other tool.

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,286,020 1/1962 France 1. 173/123 10 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures I ll I 38 I '1 j- 72 7 I y 4 46 N I 68 B y 76 J s 50 90 .'."'l o. I 19 92 U.S. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet10f2 3,926,031

FIG. 3

U.& Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 2 of2 3,926,031

FIG. 5

FIGA

DEBURRING DEVICE WITH OPPOSITELY ACTING DEBURRING ELEMENTS BACKGROUND OF THIS INVENTION The present invention is an outgrowth of the invention disclosed in my US. Pat. No. 3,707,087, dated Dec. 26, 1972, wherein an arrangement of a single peening tool or a side-by-side assembly of peening tools working in unison is vibrated by a rotating hammer element so that angularly opposed jaw surfaces of the tool arrangement serve to peen opposite sides of an edge (usually of punched or sheared sheet metal) to be deburred. In that patented arrangement, the device is adapted to function with respect to different thicknesses of different kinds of sheet material by selectively substituting different peening tools having jaw surfaces of different jaw'spacing or of different angularities. In the patented devices, some objectionable, yet tolerable vibration is communicated to the motor means for operating the rotary hammer element.

I have discovered, and provide by the present invention, a combination of components in a deburring device, which greatly reduces the mentioned objectionable vibration of the motor means. This invention also reduces the need for substituting different peening tools for deburring the edges of different kinds and thicknesses of sheet material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the present invention:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a first or preferred embodiment of this invention, shown in operating position with reference to a sheet metal edge being deburred.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the device, some portions thereof being shown in central axial section.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the parts shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an edge view of a set of oppositely acting peening tools as seen from the irregular line 44 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a view of the bottom of a rotary hammer element in the device as seen at the plane of line 55 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a spring washer used in resiliently holding the devices rotary hammer element in place in a housing of the device.

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view, substantially on the line 77 of FIG. 3, of an adjusting nut used to hold the peening tools of the device in adjusted relationship.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary, axial sectional view, approximately on the irregular line 88 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a set of peening tools of modified form, usable as components within this invention.

FIG. 10 is an elevational edge view of the peening tools illustrated in FIG. 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG.- 1, the device generally indicated at 20, is shown in relation to an edge a of a sheet metal strip B in position to remove burrs from said edge. The device is also shown in operational relationship to a suitable motor C which is provided for operating a hammering-peening mechanism in the device.

Referring also to FIGS. 2-8, the device comprises a rotary hammer 22 of which a stem 24 is adapted for tight engagement within a chuck d of the motor C. An enlarged lower end portion 26 of the hammer has, formed on its bottom, a generally flat, circular working surface with a continuous series of concentric frustospherical indentations 28.

The hammers lower end portion 26 extends coaxially within the housing 30, and is borne for turning therein within a needle bearing 32. This bearing, and the hammers portion 26, bottom upon an internal radial wall 34 of the housing. The bearing 32 and the hammer portion 26 are locked into the housing by flat washers 36a, 36b, a wavy-spring washer 37, and a snap ring 38 which, by its resilience, snaps into and is retained in an inner annular recess 40 formed near the upper end of the housing.

Impact transmitting means in the form of hard steel balls 42 are somewhat loosely disposed within separate openings 44 which are formed in the housings wall 34 and are in axial alignment with the series of indentations 28. The openings 44 communicate with a slot 46 which extends centrally in the housing 30 and opens at the latters lower end. The slot 46 is narrower than the diameters of the balls 42, thereby providing shoulders 48 at the lower ends of the openings 44 to retain the balls against dislodgment therefrom.

A sturdy stem 50, more or less like a non-headed bolt, has a reduced upper end 52 which fits tightly into a downwardly opening bore 54 formed in the lower portions of the housing 30 which define the slot 46, between which lower portions the bore 54 is centrally located toward one side of said slot. The stem 50 is pinned firmly within the bore 54 by a pin 56 extending tightly through holes 58 in the housing 30 and a matching hole 60 in the stems upper end 52.

The stem 50 is formed with a longitudinal side channel 62 having parallel, side walls and being of the same width as the slot 46 into which the upper end portion of said channel opens, enabling said channel and slot to accommodate a peening tool assembly as hereinafter explained. The lower end of the stem 50 is threaded as at 64 to receive an adjusting nut 66 thereon for a purpose also hereinafter explained.

The peening tool assembly of FIGS. 1-8 consists of an upper tool member 68 and a lower tool member 70, both of flat tool steel and preferably of the shapes best illustrated in FIG. 3. The thicknesses of these two tool members are slightly less than the width of the stems channel 62 and the housings slot 46 to enable said tool members to slide freely, one above the other, within said channel and slot while, nevertheless, being held against material cocking therein. The approximate vertical relationship of the two tool members, during operation, is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

The upper tool member 68 is held slidably in place in the slot 46 and the channel 62 by a reversely bent end portion 72 of a steadying rod or handle 74 which extends with an accurate fit within a transverse bore 76 in the housing 30 and with a loose fit within an oval opening 78 in the tool member 68; the larger diameter of the opening 78 extending in approximate parallelism with reference to the axes of the rotary hammer 22, the housing 30, and the latters stem 50. The rod portion 72 is held in place within the housing 30 by a cotter pin 80.

The lower tool member is held slidably in place in the channel 62 by an arcuate detent spring 82 of steel spring wire disposed in said channel with its ends and 3v adjacent portions within a recess 84 formed in the outer edge of a tail'portion 85 of the tool member 70, and with a bowed central portion of said springin firm engagement with the threads of the nut 66.

The nut 66is adjustable to enable its upper end to bear'upon the under side of a shoulder 86 of the tool member 70 to limit the latter to any selected lower position, with reference to the upper tool member 68, that may be desirable in deburring a particular piece of material being processed.

As it is important that an established desired adjustment of the nut 66 be held against change, a circular series of axially extending grooves 88 are cut across the nuts thread so that the bow portion of spring 82 may seat within the nearest of the grooves 88 to prevent turning of the nut from its adjusted position.

The lower adjacent side and edge areas of the two

tool members

68 and 70 are oppositely beveled as at 680 and 700 (FIG. 4) to permit partial overlapping of said tool members in some adjusted relative conditions thereof. Said tool members, also, are shaped to form

jaws

90 and 92 between which an edge of a workpiece in the form of ametal strip B may be held for deburring as may best be understood from FIGS. 1 and 2. The actual deburring is effected at

edge peening areas

94 and 96 of the tool members which areas may be more or less curvilinear as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, or those areas may be angular, depending on whether the edge to be deburred is to be rounded or angular after deburring. Not only may the

areas

94 and 96 of the two tools be in rounded or angular shape, but the sides of said areas may be somewhat rounded to avoid presenting any sharp, possibly nicking edges of the tool metal to the strip edge being deburred.

OPERATION OF THE SUBJECT DEBURRING DEVICE -With the hammer 22 being turned at high speed by the motor C and the device as a whole being held against rotation by manual holding of the handle 74, the strip B is urged forcefully between the

jaws

90 and 92 and against the

peening areas

94 and 96 of the two tool members; or those mentioned portions of the device may be urged forcefully against the strip while the latter is being moved lengthwisely relatively to the deburring device, between said jaws. This causes the upper tool member 68 to vibrate axially due to the engagement of its upper end with the balls 42 which are subjected to rapid impact by intermittent seating within the indentations 28 at the lower end of the rotating hammer 22. The rapid vibration of the tool member-68 causes its edge peening area 94 to peen the upper edge portion of the strip B being moved therebetween, thereby deburring said upper edge portion.

As thus far explained, the lower tool member 70 is serving as an anvil with its edge peening area 96 supporting the strip B at its lower edge portion, and thereby having an indirect deburring effect on said lower edge portion of the strip through reaction to the described rapid vibration of the upper tool member 68.

In some instances, such indirect deburring action on a lower edge portion may not be entirely adequate; but the disclosed preferred embodiment includes a feature which very considerably improves and yields excellent over all deburring results, to wit: the wavy-spring washer 37.

The spring washer 37 serves to provide a resilient support of the housing 30 upon a flat, upper annular surface 98 of the lower portion 26 of the rotary hammer 22, as may best be understood by reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. As a result of the mentioned resilient support arrangement, the hammer is enabled to pursue a pronounced vibratory reaction to its already described vibratory operation of the upper tool member 68. The thus engendered vibratory reaction is transmitted by the hammer 22 to the housing 30 and thence, through the latters rigid stem 50 to the lower tool member to positively cause the latter to peen and deburr the bottom area of the edge a being deburred by the device.

Thus, it will be understood that, with the device of this invention, the edge portions at both sides of a workpiece being processed are positively peened separately to be effectively deburred. If the device is used with a machine tool such as, for example, a drill press, the handle 74 may be positioned into engagement with some fixed part of the machine tool, to prevent the housing 30 from turning.

THE TOOL MEMBERS OF FIGS. 9 and 10.

The tool members of FIGS. 9 and 10 comprise an upper member 168 and a lower member 170. The upper member is formed with a recess 168a into which a tongue 1700 of the lower member slidably extends. These tool members may serve as substitutes for the

tool members

68 and 70 of the first embodiment. They are similarly slidably disposed in the channel 62 of stem 50, member 168 being held in place in the device by the end portion 72 of the handle rod 74, and member being held in place in said channel by the arcuate spring detent 82 and the nut 66.

The recess and tongue arrangement 168a, 170a functions, like the

bevels

68a and 70a of

tool members

68, 70 to permit close adjustment of the two tool members relatively to each other by adjustment of the nut 66. Also, like said bevels, the recess and tongue arrangement permits relative vibratory movement of the two related tool members toward and from each other.

The recess and tongue arrangement, additionally, enables the lower end of the tool member 168 to be held firmly in the channel 62 of stem 50 by reason of the engagement, in the recess 1680, of the tongue 170a of the lower tool member which, itself, is firmly held in said channel by the spring 82 and nut 66. Curved and round

edges peening areas

172 and 174 of the

tool members

168 and 170 are shown differently curved than peening

areas

94 and 96 of the first embodiment to emphasize the fact that variously shaped peening areas of the peening tools may be employed within this invention.

I claim:

1. A deburring device for smoothing edges of sheet material, comprising a housing, intermittently impacting hammer means supported within said housing, means for rapidly operating said hammer means, a first peening tool member loosely connected to said housing and coacting with said hammer means to be vibratorily actuated thereby to engage and deburr an edge of a related workpiece of sheet material, an extension stem rigidly integral with said housing, extending alongside said tool member in parallelism to the direction of vibratory movement of the latter, and a second peening tool member carried on said stem in position to support said workpiece in line with and against said vibratory movement of said first tool member.

2. A deburring device according to claim 1, said hammer means comprising a rotary hammer supported for rotation within said housing.

3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said rotary hammer having an interrupted-circular working surface, and the device further including impact transmitting means coacting with said working surface and with said first tool member to forcibly impel the latter intermittently against an edge of said workpiece to be deburred.

4. A deburring device according to claim 3, said working surface having a continuous, concentric circular series of frusto-spherical indentations therein, and said impact transmitting means comprising a ball retained in position to successively coact with said indentations during rotation of said hammer to repeatedly engage said first tool member to vibrate the latter against an edge of said workpiece.

5. A deburring device according to claim 3, further including a wavy spring, cushioning the support of the hammer means within the housing, said spring being disposed between the housing and an annular surface of the hammer means opposite to the latters said working surface.

6. A deburring device according to claim 1, said hammer and housing deriving vibratory movement in reaction to the hammers said actuation of said first tool member, and said extension stem of the housing coacting with said second tool member to cause the latter to vibrate against the edge of said workpiece oppositely to said first tool member whereby to cause the two tool members to peen opposite sides of the edge of the workpiece.

7. A deburring device according to claim 6, said extension stem having a threaded portion distal from said housing, and the device including an adjusting nut on said threaded portion in adjusting engagement with said second tool member whereby to adjust the operating relationship of the two peening tool members.

8. A deburring device according to claim 7, said second tool member being slidable within an axially extending channel in said extension stem and having a tail portion extending within said nut, and a shoulder of said second tool member being in adjusting engagement with an end surface of the nut.

9. A deburring device according to claim 8, further including a detent spring in said nut in resilient engagement with said tail portion and with an internal thread of the nut, whereby to oppose undesired turning of the latter from an adjusted position.

10. A deburring device according to claim 9, axially extending grooves being formed crosswisely in a female thread in the nut, and a portion of said detent spring being selectively engagable with any one of said grooves to provide added opposition to such undesired turning of the nut.

Claims

5. A deburring device according to claim 3, further including a wavy spring, cushioning the support of the hammer means within the housing, said spring being disposed between the housing and an annular surface of the hammer means opposite to the latter''s said working surface.

6. A deburring device according to claim 1, said hammer and housing deriving vibratory movement in reaction to the hammer''s said actuation of said first tool member, and said extension stem of the housing coacting with said second tool member to cause the latter to vibrate against the edge of said workpiece oppositely to said first tool member whereby to cause the two tool members to peen opposite sides of the edge of the workpiece.