US3924372A - Drop-out fire vent - Google Patents
Drop-out fire vent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3924372A US3924372A US452066A US45206674A US3924372A US 3924372 A US3924372 A US 3924372A US 452066 A US452066 A US 452066A US 45206674 A US45206674 A US 45206674A US 3924372 A US3924372 A US 3924372A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dome
- periphery
- vent
- flange
- outer periphery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
- E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
- F24F11/34—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by opening air passages
Definitions
- the inner dome has a diameter which is larger 540,821 6/1895 Smith 52/200 x n h n r iam r of the skylight well with the 1,379,359 /1921 Partzschefeld 52/200 X outer periphery of the inner dome resting on the curb- 2,182,852 12/1939 Mulford 52/200 X ing Of the skylight. 2,790,400 4/1957 Wasserman... 52/200 X 2,803,318 8/1957 Nickerson 49/7 15 Clalms, 4 Drawing Figures U.S. Patant Dec. 9 1975 Sheet 1 0f 2 3,924,372
- the present invention relates to a drop-out skylight construction and in particular to a drop-out skylight construction employing a plurality of domes and adapted for use with domes made of acrylic plastic.
- Fire venting skylights generally fall into two classifications.
- One type of fire venting skylight is the type in which the cover or dome mechanically springs open on the occasion of a fire.
- the dome or covering drops downwardly on the occasion of a fire.
- the latter type of skylights have certain advantages over those which mechanically open.
- drop-out skylights generally do not have moving parts and do not require any maintenance. In addition, they are not usually affected by snow loads or wind. While drop-out units have these and other advantages over the mechanically operated types that pivot outwardly, the drop-out units which have been designed to date have some serious limitations which have materially affected their acceptability especially by various underwriters.
- the outer dome preferably has a thickness greater than the inner dome is spaced from the inner dome except at its outer periphery which outer periphery is secured to the outer surface of the inner dome at a marginly spaced distance from the outer edge of the inner dome.
- the outer edge of the inner dome is supported on the skylight curbing with the outer dome periphery being secured against the outer surface of the inner dome.
- the present invention also provides an arrangement in which the skylight drop-out system may be used on a multiple dome configuration supported on a common frame in which the multiple sets of domes will drop out on the occurrence of excessive heat in much the same fashion as the single set of domed configurations.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the skylight embodying the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a fragementary cross-sectional elevation taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a multiple dome configuration
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a conventional body assembly 1 which preferably consists of a rectangular inner wall 2 and, where necessary, a parallel outer wall 3. The space between these walls 2 and 3 is closed by the bottom member 4. Wall 3 extends outwardly to form a securing and/or retaining flange 5 in a conventional fashion.
- a fiberglas insulation 6 is positioned within the space between the walls 2 and 3 and the top of this body assembly is covered by a curbing generally indicated at 7. In some cases the insulation is not used and only one upstanding wall is required.
- the curbing 7 which may be conventionally extruded includes an upwardly extending flange 8 on the inner side of the body assembly, outer flange l0 and horizontally extending flange 9 spanning and intermediate the inner flange 8 and outer flange 10.
- the flange 10 is provided with corner weep holes 11 just above the upper surface of flange 9.
- the lower edge of flange 10 extends downwardly in facing relation with outer wall 3.
- the upper end of flange 10 can be provided with a screw receiving shoulder 12 and an inwardly extending flange 13.
- the curbing 7 is formed of four segments mitered at the corners and secured suitably to the top of the body assembly to form a four-sided frameat the top of this assembly.
- the flanges 8, 9 and 10 form a condensation gutter for collecting condensate that may collect on the inside surface of the inner dome hereafter described.
- Dome 14 which typically may have a thickness of 0.090 inch and is preferably formed of a conventional acrylic material, normally used for skylight domes, has a periphery which extends into a horizontally extending flange 16 integral with thecurved inner portion of the dome.
- the horizontal flange has an outer edge which defines the outer edge of the dome.
- This flange 16 rests on and is secured to flange 13 by means hereafter described.
- the width of flange 16 is essentially co-extensive with the width of the flange l3.
- Flanges 13 and 16 terminate outwardly of flange 8 so that condensation forming on the under surface dome 14 will run down the inner surface of the dome and drip into the condensation gutter formed by flanges 8, 9 and 10 and thence outwardly through the weep hole 11.
- the outer dome 15 Positioned above the inner dome 14 is the outer dome 15 which may be thicker than the inner dome 14 and may, for example, have a thickness on the order of 0.125 inch. However, because the outer dome is generally cooler than the inner dome the outer dome does not have to be thicker than the inner dome.
- the inner and outer domes are spaced apart from each other thereby defining an air space 18. The domes, however, engage one another at the periphery of the outer dome 15 which terminates at its periphery in a horizontal outwardly extending flange 19 which is contiguous with the curved portion of the dome 15.
- the domes 14 and 15 preferably contact one another at essentially a point contact 20 defined by the intersection of the curved outer surface of dome 14 and the inner edge of flange 19.
- the outer dome 15 has an outer maximum diameter which is less than the outer maximum diameter of dome l4 and the line of engagement, shown at point 20 in FIG. 2, between the two domes is spaced inwardly from the outer periphery of dome 14.
- the outer dome 15 is secured at its periphery against dome 14 by the the retainer 22.
- the retainer 22 comprises an angle member including horizontal flange 23 and vertical flange 24.
- Vertical flange 24 is provided with a series of holes aligned with shoulder 12.
- a series of screws 25 extend through the flange 24 and are secured in shoulder 12 thereby securing the retainer 22 to the curbing 7.
- the horizontal flange 23 has two depending tabs 27 and 28 spaced parallel to one another with flange 27 extending downwardly into pressing engagement with a gasket 29 in turn resting on and extending co-extensively with flange 19.
- Flange 28 is spaced from the outer edge of flange 19 and is disposed close to the outer edge of flange 19 so as to limit the downward movement of dome 15. Excessive movement of dome 15 will cause the edge of flange 19 to interengage and be retained by flange 28.
- a block 30 integral with the undersurface of flange 19 is provided with a hole through which a braided steel cable 31 extends. The braided steel cable is looped and secured by clamp 32 to this block 30 at one end and at the other end is secured by a clamp 33 and looped about one of the screws 25.
- the inner dome In the operation of this unit on the occurrence of a fire heat rises and starts to soften the inner dome 14.
- the dome will ordinarily soften at its upper center portion first. Because of the air space 18 between the domes 14 and 15 the softening takes place rapidly and well within the 5 minute time limit referred to above.
- the outer dome acts as a heat retaining member insulating the inner dome from the effects of outside weather conditions thus permitting rapid softening. As the inner dome softens and begins to sag it will start to move downwardly and ultimately fall through the well 37. The dome softens sufficiently so that the outer periphery and flange of the inner dome will pull over the flange 8 and will not be caught on it. For this reason the distance between the inner edge of flanges 13 and 16,
- the inner dome and the inner flange 8 should be minimized while still permitting sufficient space for the collection of condensation.
- the outer dome which may be heavier and is cooler normally retains its shape and is not deformed. Because the outer diameter of outer dome 15 is smaller than the dimesion of the inner body wall 2, the dome 15 drops down through the well. To prevent the dome 15 from inadvertently flying or falling downwardly to floor level to possibly injure a fireman or other person below, the cable 31 holds the dome 15 inside the well.
- a fire venting skylight for relatively large skylight opening employs multiple sets of domes. In this arrangement there is generally shown one set of domes 40 and an adjacent set 41. These sets of domes 40 and 41 are secured by means described in connection with FIG. 1 along three sides.
- a retainer 44 having a horizontal upper flange 45 is secured to a vertical flange 46 in turn secured at its lower end to a horizontal lower flange 47 that terminates at opposite ends in upwardly extending flanges 48 and 49 that form respectively gutters 50 and 51.
- the flange 45 may be secured symmetrically to flange 46 by a series of screws 52.
- Flange 45 on each end is provided with inner downwardly extending lips 53 and outer downwardly extending lips 54. Lips 54 engage gaskets 55 that are coextensive with the flanges 19 of the outer dome and secure this flange against the inner dome 14.
- the lip 53 has a similar function to the flange 28 shown in FIG. 2.
- the retainer and associated condensation gutters illustrated in FIG. 4 are the same as those shown in FIG. 2 and extend about three sides of the dome sets 40 and 41.
- the adjacent gutters 50 and 51 and retainer 44 provide for condensation collection intermediate the dome sets and a common retainer for the two dome sets at the junction therebetween.
- the unit described in FIGS. 3 and 4 functions in essentially the same fashion as that described in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- a drop-out fire vent for a building comprising;
- said lower dome having a periphery extending outwardly of the inner periphery of said supporting means
- said upper dome being smaller than said lower dome and having its periphery terminating inwardly of the inner periphery of said supporting means to thereby expose a peripheral area of the lower dome that is not covered by the upper dome and that extends between the spaced peripheries of the domes,
- said retainer means includes means for holding the outer periphery of said upper dome, said holding means contained in said enclosure.
- vent of claim 5 including sealing means disposed intermediate the outer periphery of said upper dome and said securing means.
- said retainer means further includes a second flange integral with the first flange, said flanges together coupling between the outer periphery of said upper dome and said well, and means for holding the outer periphery of said upper dome to limit its passing through said well.
- flanges form an L-shaped member and further including a gasket fitting between one end of the L-shaped member and a flange defining the outer periphery of said upper dome.
- a drop-out fire vent for a building comprising;
- said other dome having a periphery extending outwardly of the inner periphery of said supporting means
- said one dome being smaller than said other dome and having its periphery terminating inwardly of the inner periphery of said supporting means
- said one dome being smaller than the inner periphery formed by said enclosing well walls so as to permit said one dome to pass into said well upon collapse of said other dome,
- said securing means including means for holding the outer periphery of said one dome, said holding means being contained in said closure,
- said holding means includes a strap secured at one end to a flange defining the outer periphery of said one dome.
- vent of claim 13 wherein said enclosure is defined at least in part by a two sided member having a lower end supported by the well walls.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US452066A US3924372A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1974-03-18 | Drop-out fire vent |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29197872A | 1972-09-25 | 1972-09-25 | |
US452066A US3924372A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1974-03-18 | Drop-out fire vent |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3924372A true US3924372A (en) | 1975-12-09 |
Family
ID=26967084
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US452066A Expired - Lifetime US3924372A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1974-03-18 | Drop-out fire vent |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3924372A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4190987A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1980-03-04 | Rca Corporation | Double dome heat and smoke vent structure |
US4307549A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-12-29 | Rca Corporation | Skylight cover |
FR2568918A1 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1986-02-14 | Eberspaecher J | HEAT EXTRACTION DEVICE FOR BUILDINGS |
US4916872A (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1990-04-17 | Young Edgar C | Light well |
US5213542A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-05-25 | Kelly Thomas L | Insulated heat activated ventilator |
FR2904344A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-01 | Franck Cronier | Skylight frame for e.g. smoke vent, has sash, whose inner flange oriented inwards extends around edifice opening and is connected to raised wall, which peripherally surrounds external surface of support frame e.g. support curb |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US540821A (en) * | 1895-06-11 | Skylight or analogous structure | ||
US1379359A (en) * | 1918-12-13 | 1921-05-24 | Jr Louis Partzschefeld | Puttyless steel skylight |
US2182852A (en) * | 1936-01-31 | 1939-12-12 | Mulford Logan Willard | Glass-roof roof light and the like |
US2790400A (en) * | 1952-12-26 | 1957-04-30 | Wasserman Max | Skylight dome construction |
US2803318A (en) * | 1955-05-05 | 1957-08-20 | Factory Mutual Res Corp | Heat-responsive closure for automatically venting a housing when overheated |
US2842073A (en) * | 1954-09-29 | 1958-07-08 | Sanford K Huston | Skylight |
US3005291A (en) * | 1958-10-03 | 1961-10-24 | Lawrence C Huber | Skylight construction |
US3127699A (en) * | 1959-04-27 | 1964-04-07 | American Cyanamid Co | Self flashing skylight unit |
US3417527A (en) * | 1967-01-12 | 1968-12-24 | Brunswick Corp | Skylight dome |
US3731442A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1973-05-08 | Plasteco Inc | Heat and smoke vent |
-
1974
- 1974-03-18 US US452066A patent/US3924372A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US540821A (en) * | 1895-06-11 | Skylight or analogous structure | ||
US1379359A (en) * | 1918-12-13 | 1921-05-24 | Jr Louis Partzschefeld | Puttyless steel skylight |
US2182852A (en) * | 1936-01-31 | 1939-12-12 | Mulford Logan Willard | Glass-roof roof light and the like |
US2790400A (en) * | 1952-12-26 | 1957-04-30 | Wasserman Max | Skylight dome construction |
US2842073A (en) * | 1954-09-29 | 1958-07-08 | Sanford K Huston | Skylight |
US2803318A (en) * | 1955-05-05 | 1957-08-20 | Factory Mutual Res Corp | Heat-responsive closure for automatically venting a housing when overheated |
US3005291A (en) * | 1958-10-03 | 1961-10-24 | Lawrence C Huber | Skylight construction |
US3127699A (en) * | 1959-04-27 | 1964-04-07 | American Cyanamid Co | Self flashing skylight unit |
US3417527A (en) * | 1967-01-12 | 1968-12-24 | Brunswick Corp | Skylight dome |
US3731442A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1973-05-08 | Plasteco Inc | Heat and smoke vent |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4190987A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1980-03-04 | Rca Corporation | Double dome heat and smoke vent structure |
US4307549A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-12-29 | Rca Corporation | Skylight cover |
FR2568918A1 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1986-02-14 | Eberspaecher J | HEAT EXTRACTION DEVICE FOR BUILDINGS |
US4916872A (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1990-04-17 | Young Edgar C | Light well |
US5213542A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-05-25 | Kelly Thomas L | Insulated heat activated ventilator |
FR2904344A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-01 | Franck Cronier | Skylight frame for e.g. smoke vent, has sash, whose inner flange oriented inwards extends around edifice opening and is connected to raised wall, which peripherally surrounds external surface of support frame e.g. support curb |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SAWCO, INC., P.O. BOX 351, SANFORD, MAINE 04073 A Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WASCO PRODUCTS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0763 Effective date: 19830630 Owner name: CASCO BANK & TRUST COMPANY, ONE MONUMENT SQUARE, P Free format text: AS COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR LOANS RECITED, ASSIGNOR ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTREST, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0769 Effective date: 19830630 Owner name: WASCO PRODUCTS, INC., P.O. BOX 351, SANFORD, MAINE Free format text: AS COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR LOANS RECITED, ASSIGNOR DOES HEREBY ASSIGN THE ENTIRE INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0776 Effective date: 19830630 Owner name: SAWCO, INC., A CORP., MAINE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WASCO PRODUCTS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0763 Effective date: 19830630 Owner name: CASCO BANK & TRUST COMPANY, A MAINE BANKING INSTIT Free format text: AS COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR LOANS RECITED, ASSIGNOR ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTREST, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0769 Effective date: 19830630 Owner name: WASCO PRODUCTS, INC., A MAINE CORP., MAINE Free format text: AS COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR LOANS RECITED, ASSIGNOR DOES HEREBY ASSIGN THE ENTIRE INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004195/0776 Effective date: 19830630 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WASCO PRODUCTS, INC., P. O. BOX 351 SANFORD, MAINE Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:C.G.M., INC., A CORP OF MAINE;REEL/FRAME:004531/0231 Effective date: 19851105 Owner name: WASCO PRODUCTS, INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004531/0225 Effective date: 19830810 Owner name: CASCO BANK & TRUST COMPANY, ONE MONUMENT SQUARE, P Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:SAWCO, INC., A CORP OF MAINE;REEL/FRAME:004531/0241 Effective date: 19851029 Owner name: C.G.M., INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:WASCO PRODUCTS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004531/0227 Effective date: 19860630 |
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