US3921703A - Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting - Google Patents

Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3921703A
US3921703A US367792A US36779273A US3921703A US 3921703 A US3921703 A US 3921703A US 367792 A US367792 A US 367792A US 36779273 A US36779273 A US 36779273A US 3921703 A US3921703 A US 3921703A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mold
section
billet
slag
cross
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Expired - Lifetime
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US367792A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ludwig Eugen Rohde
Erich Zimmermann
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Rheinstahl Huettenwerke AG
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Rheinstahl Huettenwerke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/049—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting

Definitions

  • a water-cooled sliding mold for the electro slag remelting of a billet with a slag layer covering the billet is made of a relatively large cross section tubular member which includes an upper part having substantially smooth constant cross section, a middle part having a substantially smooth downwardly diminishing cross section and a lower part having an irregular cross section which includes inwardly extending portions at spaced locations around the periphery which extend below the smallest cross section of the middle part.
  • the construction is such that the slag becomes separated from the metal at the beginning of the inwardly extending portion of the lower part of the mold.
  • the lower part advantageously includes a wavelike formation which projects into the mold interior which act to crush the slag shell and the slag fragments fall down off the mold.
  • the cooling of the billet and the removal of the slag particles is also improved by circulating a cooling medium in the lower part of the mold.
  • This invention relates, in general, to the construction of molds and, in particular to a new and useful watercooled sliding mold with a large cross section for the electro slag remelting of a billet with a slag layer covering the billet and which includes a mold having a lower portion with inwardly extending parts at spaced locations around the interior circumference which extend inwardly below the smallest cross section of the remaining portion of the mold and provide a means for removing the slag fragments from the metal being formed and for facilitating the cooling of the metal from the mold.
  • the gap widths produced between the mold and the slag jacket as well as between the slag and the billet are relatively small.
  • the billet diameters exceed 2000 mm gaps of considerable width appear which, as experience shows, is in the range of from to mm.
  • the width of the gap between the slag jacket and the billet may be such that when the still molten billet sump happens to break through the solidified skin of the billet, the metal cannot be stopped and the sump flows out.
  • billet diameters of about '3000 mm some to 40 tons of molten metal may thus run out of the billet being formed.
  • the billetand the surrounding slag layer are remelted and solidify on their periphery.
  • the wall of the mold follows the shape of the slag layer which is contracted by cooling and also acts as a support for the slag and the billet skin still applied thereto.
  • the lower part with the irregular cross section which is located in the zone where the slag layer begins to separate from the billet skin, crushes the slag cover by means of inwardly projecting portions of its cross section so that the fragments of the slag layer fall down off the mold. Owing to the fact that in its lower portion the billet surface is separated from the slag layer, its cooling is increased and there is no danger of the skin being melted by still molten inner parts of the billet. The rapid and definite cooling in this zone reduces the depth of the sump and improves the quality of the billet structure with respect to liquation.
  • a mold having a circular cross section and a lower part which has a wave-shaped interior surface and is slightly conical and wherein the wave crest lines are in contact with the billet surface which, owing to its thermal shrinkage, is also slightly conical.
  • This shape of the mold can easily be manufactured. It assures a good cooling of the lower part of the billet and the smooth surface of the almost vertically extending channels formed between the wave portions, both of which extend substantially axially of the mold. The vertically extending channels assure the falling down and removal of the crushed slag. It is also possible to provide additional knubs and/or slag breakers in the zone of the slag crushing, ie at the upper end of the lower part of the mold.
  • a large flexibility in respect to cooling conditions is obtained by providing a separate cooling system for the lower part of the mold. It is also advantageous to make the lower part of the mold, which is particularly exposed to strain by the crushing and guiding of the slag of a wear-resistant material such as hematite.
  • a simple robust and easily exchangeable construction of the lower part is a single wall structure without a cooling system because the lower part of the mold comprises the vertically extending passages formed between inwardly extending wave portions. Air or perhaps a cooling or protective agent may be blown against the billet surface, so that the cooling may be controlled in the removable of the slag promoted.
  • the features of the invention may be applied to the casting of all sorts of large billets which are manufactured in the electro slag remelting process such as cylindrical, rectangular, polygonal and similar shapes in particular.
  • the conicity of the middle part which must be adapted to the contracting and solidifying slag jacket, depends on the composition of the slag, the speed of the remelting operation in the advance of the billet and the temperatures. It may be determined by simple operational tests.
  • the formation of the lower portion of the mold must be such that the inwardly extending portions are sized to take into account the shrinkage of the billet and the size of the passages to facilitate the falling slag fragment removal.
  • a water-cooled sliding mold particularly for the electro slag remelting of relatively large diameter billets with a slag layer covering the billet, which comprises a tubular mold having an upper part with a substantially constant smooth cross section and middle part with a substantially smooth downwardly diminishing cross section and a lower part having an irregular cross section which includes inwardly extending portions disposed around the interior circumference below the smallest cross section of the middle part.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a water-cooled sliding mold which is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a cross sectional view of a water-cooled sliding mold with a remelting electrode and a remelted billet and constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • the invention in particular, comprises a tubular mold generally designated 50 for the electro slag remelting of large diameter billets with a slag layer covering the billet during the operation.
  • the water-cooled sliding mold is used for remelting a billet 1 in an electro slag process with a covering slag layer 2.
  • the water-cooled mold 50 comprises an upper portion or part 3 having a constant smooth cross section, a middle part 4 having a smooth downwardly diminishing cross section and a lower part 5 having an irregular cross section.
  • the cross section of the lower part 5 is reduced at spaced locations around its inner circumference by wave-like projections 6 which extend inwardly beyond the smallest diameter of the middle part 4.
  • the wave-like formations 6 form undulations which extend approximately in an axial direction of the mold and they form spaces. therebetween.
  • the upper mold part 3 and the middle mold part 4 are provided with a common water-cooling system which comprises a double wall cooling jacket defining a cooling space 52 for the circulation of a cooling medium which is circulated through an inlet 7 and out,
  • the slag is drawn off as a shell along with the billet 1.
  • Both the slag shell andthe billet shrink down during the solidification.
  • the inner wall of the middle part 4 of the mold is adapted tothis shrinkage.
  • the slag shell 2 becomes separated from the billetl at the location 14.
  • the wave-like projections 6 which extend inwardly from the lower part 5 to the billet skin and they crush the slag shell and the slag fragments 15 fall downwardly off the mold.
  • the cooling of the billet and the removal of the slag particles 15 may be improved by introducing a compressed air/water mixture through the connnections 11 and 12.
  • a water-cooled sliding mold according to claim 1, wherein the diminution of the cross section of said middle part is at most equal to the shrinkage of the slag layer.
  • a water-cooled sliding mold according to claim 1, wherein said inwardly projecting portions of said lower part extend up to a contact with the billet skin.
  • a water-cooled mold according to claim 1, wherein said mold has a circular cross section and its lower part is provided with undulations which are approximately parallel to the mold axis, the crest lines of the undulations contacting the slightly conical billet along the generating lines thereof.
  • a water-cooled mold according to claim 1, wherein said lower part includes a separate cooling sys- 6 wherein said lower part includes an outer jacket with said projections extending inwardly from said jacket and including a connection extending from the exterior of said outer jacket into the space between said projections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US367792A 1972-06-15 1973-06-07 Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting Expired - Lifetime US3921703A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2229197A DE2229197A1 (de) 1972-06-15 1972-06-15 Wassergekuehlte gleitkokille

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3921703A true US3921703A (en) 1975-11-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US367792A Expired - Lifetime US3921703A (en) 1972-06-15 1973-06-07 Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting

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US (1) US3921703A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5062815A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DD (1) DD104215A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE2229197A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1437360A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4150714A (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-04-24 General Motors Corporation Lead casting seal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3507968A (en) * 1968-09-26 1970-04-21 Arcos Corp Electroslag melting apparatus
US3683997A (en) * 1971-06-09 1972-08-15 Metsubishi Jukogyo Kk Electroslag remelting process
US3752215A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-08-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3507968A (en) * 1968-09-26 1970-04-21 Arcos Corp Electroslag melting apparatus
US3752215A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-08-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies
US3683997A (en) * 1971-06-09 1972-08-15 Metsubishi Jukogyo Kk Electroslag remelting process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4150714A (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-04-24 General Motors Corporation Lead casting seal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1437360A (en) 1976-05-26
DE2229197A1 (de) 1974-01-03
DD104215A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1974-03-05
JPS5062815A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1975-05-29

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