US3921409A - Support for the roof of an excavation - Google Patents

Support for the roof of an excavation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3921409A
US3921409A US547450A US54745075A US3921409A US 3921409 A US3921409 A US 3921409A US 547450 A US547450 A US 547450A US 54745075 A US54745075 A US 54745075A US 3921409 A US3921409 A US 3921409A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
support
shield
end cap
end portion
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US547450A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunter Blumenthal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/006—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor provided with essential hydraulic devices
    • E21D23/0078—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor provided with essential hydraulic devices with individual shifting devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/03—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor having protective means, e.g. shields, for preventing or impeding entry of loose material into the working space or support

Definitions

  • a base has one side facing towards and another side facing away from the face of an excavation.
  • a shield [211 App! 547450 has an end portion that is pivoted to the base in the region of the other side thereof. and it has another end [30] Foreign Application Priority Data portion that is closer to the one side.
  • An adjustable Fgb 15 1974 Germany IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII N 2407227 support engages the base and the shield for supporting the latter in upright position.
  • An end cap is pivotably [52] U5 CL H 61/45 D; 248/357 mounted on the other end portion of the shield. lnter- [5 H In.
  • the present invention relates to a support for the roof of an excavation, such as a mine or the like.
  • mine roof supports for the sake of convenience since this is where they are most widely used, with the understanding that the invention is not limited to such a use.
  • Such mine roof supports have a base which extends parallel to the elongation of the mine face and which has pivoted to it, at a side of the base facing away from the mine face, a shield that extends upwardly and in direction towards the mine face, being supported by a pit prop or the like.
  • the free upper end of the shield has pivoted to it an end cap which is to extend to the mine face, or at least to the close proximity thereof, so as to prevent break-in of rock and the like from the roof.
  • Such mine roof supports may be used individually, or a plurality of them may be arranged sideby-side along a mine face. While they have been basically found to be highly advantageous, they do have certain problems which have not yet been overcome by the prior art.
  • the shield and the end cap which is pivoted to its free upper end must be lowered, for which purpose the pit prop is retracted.
  • the portion of the end cap intermediate its pivot connection to the shield and the mine face i.e., the portion of the end cap that is located forwardly of the pivot connection, is usually longer than the portion of the end cap that is located rearwardly" of the pivot connection.
  • the debris which had previously dropped into the gap between the rear portion of the end cap and the shield is compressed between them and is squeezed.
  • the pressure that can be exerted by the pit prop usually amounts to several tons, and it is clear that therefore the debris will be strongly compressed and will be so firmly lodged in place that it can be removed only by resorting to mechanized equipment, such as pneumatic hammers or the like.
  • one feature of the invention resides in a support for the roof of an excavation which, briefly stated, comprises a base having one side facing towards, and another side facing away from. the face of an excavation.
  • a shield has one end portion pivoted to the base in the region of the other side, and another portion closer to the one side.
  • An adjustable support engages the base and the shield for supporting the shield in upright position.
  • An end cap is pivotally mounted on the other. end portion of the shield. Interdigitating portions are provided on the end cap and on the other end portion of the shield and remains in interdigitating engagement with one another in pivoted positions of the end cap relative to the other end portion so as to avoid the development of a gap between them in any of the pivoted positions.
  • FIG. 1 is a partly sectioned side view illustrating a support according to an embodiment of the invention:
  • FIG. 2 is a top-plan view of the support shown in FIG. 1, when the shield thereof is in retracted position,
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken on line IIIIII of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale
  • FIG. 4 is a partly sectioned view, also on an enlarged scale, showing a detail of FIG. I.
  • FIGS. 1-4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • FIGS. 1-4 it will be seen that in FIG. I I have illustrated a support according to the present invention wherein the shield thereof is shown in two positions, namely in the upright or erected position. and in the lowered or retracted position.
  • the support has a base I; and it should be understood that in these FIGS, the right-hand side of the base I will be facing away from and the left-hand side of the base I will be facing towards the mine face or other excavation face.
  • a shield 4 is connected for pivoting movement about the pivot 3. The shield extends towards the mine face (not shown) and secured to its free end.
  • a pit prop for example in form of a hydraulic cylinder and piston unit or the like. is identified with reference numeral 7 and is mounted on the base I and on the shield 4, so that it can support the shield in upright position or, when the pit prop 7 is retracted. permit the shield 4 to be lowered.
  • Two or more of these basic supports just described can be arranged in side-by-side relationship. In this case. the bases 1 and/or the shields 4 and- /or the end caps 6 may be connected with one another.
  • each of the supports can be provided with one or more of the pit props 7.
  • the base I of the support illustrated in the drawing has a base plate 8 which extends over its entire length and on which there are mounted vertical supporting plates 9 in the region of its lateral longitudinal edges.
  • the supporting plates 9 are reinforced by reinforcing members I0.
  • Supporting plates 9 extend upwardly in the region of the right-hand end portion 2 of the base so that the pivot 3 for the shield 4 can be mounted in them.
  • the shield itself is essentially of box'shaped configuration over the greater part of its length.
  • the pit prop 7 which is here illustrated as a cylinder and piston unit having a cylinder 11 that engages the base I in the region thereof which is closer to the mine face.
  • Reference numerals 12 and 13 identify seats which are engaged by the pit prop 7 on the shield 4 and the base I, respectively. These seats are so configurated that the Iongitidinal axis of the pit prop 7 can assume different angular positions relative to the shield 4 and the base 1, depending upon the length of the pit prop 7, that is the extent to which it has been extended or retracted.
  • the free (left-hand) end portion of the shield 4 is configurated in the manner of a supporting arm.
  • two of the shields 4 are located adjacent one another and may be connected to one another by means of screws or the like so as to move in unison.
  • two of these supporting arms 14 project beyond the center portion 15 of the respective shield 4.
  • the arms 14 are convexly curved at their ends, and the vertical plane in direction towards the excavation face. In their end regions, the arms 4 carry the pivot connection for the end cap 6.
  • the latter has a portion 16 that projects towards the mine face and a portion 17 that projects away from the mine face.
  • the portion 17 is of comb-like construction. having a plurality of portions 18 which interdigitate with the arms I4.
  • each of the structures I9 has a configuration which corresponds approximately to the angular range 20 which is defined between the portion 17 of the cap 6 and the arms I4 when the shield 4 is raised to its maximum height (see FIG. I).
  • the structures 19 are essentially triangular and are closed at all sides. Also closed are the end faces 21 of the portions 18.
  • the end faces 21 of the portions I8 and the end faces 22 of the structures I9 are convexly curved in a vertical plane and in direction away from the mine face (compare FIG. I). and the lateral end faces 23 of the center portion 15 of the shield 4. which extend at right angles to the arms 14, are concavely curved in a configuration that mates with the convex curvature (compare FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • FIG. I shows that when the shield 4 is raised to its highest position. the structures 19 are still located within the cross-sectional area of the arms 14. i.e.. they continue to interdigitate with the arms 14 even in this position.
  • Gaps 24 exist between the arms 14 and the portions 18, and gaps 2S exist between the end faces 23 and the end faces 21 and 22.
  • elastically yieldable sealing strips 26 are provided which' are preferably of synthetic or natural rubber, or an appropriate synthetic elastomer. These sealing strips 26 are also shown in FIG. 3 and are secured to the undersides of the portions 18 and the structures 19 by means of screws or clamps which are well known in the art. They so project that they engage the respectively opposed surface and. when relative movement occurs. wipe over it in the manner of windshield wiper of an automotive vehicle. They thus provide an excellent sealing effect.
  • These strips 26 may be reinforced with metal strips 27, as illustrated.
  • the strips 26 may also be provided on the lateral surfaces of the arms 14 and/or the end faces 23.
  • FIG. 3 shows most clearly that the portions 18 which are adjacent to the longitudinal sides 28 of the end cap 6, have associated further sealing members 29 with them which rest on the portions l8 and have lateral member 28 that are biased by elastically yieldable spacer members 31.
  • These may for instance be in form of spring-biased pistons or the like. They serve to press the members 29 against cooperating side faces of the adjacent supports. when such supports are arrayed in side-by-side relationship. as illustrated in FIG. 2 for two of such supports.
  • the members 29 are also provided with portions facing away from the mine face and accommodated to the convex curvatures of the end faces 21 and 22.
  • FIG. 4 shows the region where the end cap 6 is pivoted to the arm 4; in particular, it illustrates a condition in which the shield 4 is so located that the end cap 6 no longer extends parallel to the underside of the roof, but is tilted forwardly and downwardly.
  • the structures 19 would not be sufficient to bridge the gap between the portion 17 and the arm 14, as is the case in FIG. 1.
  • Such situations occur only infrequently and not for prolonged periods of time; to be able to avoid the entry of debris into the portion of the gap 20 that is not protected by the structures I9 in such situations.
  • additional structures 32 analogous to the structures 19 may be provided which are temporarily sccured to the structures 19 below the latter. for instance by means of screws.
  • the structures 32 are also provided with scaling strips 26 provided on their undersides. unless the arms 14 and/or the end faces 23 are themselves provided with such sealing strips 26, in which case sealing strips need not be provided on the structures 32.
  • each arm 14 merge essentially continuously into the upper surfaces of the portion 17 via their convexly curved free ends. in each relative position of end cap 6 and shield 4. This provides an even more reliable assurancc against the entry. crushing and compacting of debris and assures that the debris will slip downwardly over the shield 4 and cannot interfere with the relative movements of end cap 6 and shield 4.
  • a support for the roof of an excavation comprising a base having one side facing towards. and another side facing away from. the face of an excavation; a shield having one end portion pivoted to said base in the region of said other side. and another end portion closer to said one side; and adjustable support engaging said base and said shield for supporting the shield in upright position; an end cap pivotably mounted on said other end portion of said shield; and interdigitating portions provided on said end cap and on said other end portion and remaining in interdigitating engagement with one another in pivoted positions of said end cap relative to said other end portion so as to avoid the development ofa gap between them in any of said pivoted positions.
  • each of said interdigitating portions on said other section has one of said structures mounted thereon.
  • sealing means comprises elastically yieldable sealing lips provided on at least one of said shield and end cap.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
US547450A 1974-02-15 1975-02-05 Support for the roof of an excavation Expired - Lifetime US3921409A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19742407227 DE2407227B1 (de) 1974-02-15 1974-02-15 Hangendkappen-Anordnung fuer Schildausbaugestelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3921409A true US3921409A (en) 1975-11-25

Family

ID=5907477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US547450A Expired - Lifetime US3921409A (en) 1974-02-15 1975-02-05 Support for the roof of an excavation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3921409A (de)
DE (1) DE2407227B1 (de)
ES (1) ES434740A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1485902A (de)
PL (1) PL92966B1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983710A (en) * 1974-10-31 1976-10-05 Rheinstahl Ag Device for sealing a roof of an excavation
US4012914A (en) * 1975-04-22 1977-03-22 Klockner-Werke Ag Mine roof support
US4027489A (en) * 1975-04-17 1977-06-07 Dowty Mining Equipment Limited Mine roof support
US4080794A (en) * 1976-05-21 1978-03-28 Bochumer Eisenhutte Heintzmann Gmbh & Co. Arrangement for supporting roofs of underground excavations
US4102140A (en) * 1975-07-19 1978-07-25 Gullick Dobson Limited Self-advancing mine roof supports
US5033913A (en) * 1989-12-23 1991-07-23 Meco Mining Equipment Limited Mine roof support
US10774642B1 (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-09-15 Liaoning University Hydraulic support unit and hydraulic support for anti-rock burst roadway

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE672415A (de) * 1964-11-17 1966-03-16
CA832741A (en) * 1970-01-27 Vasilievich Martynov Boris Mechanized hydraulic timbering
CA839498A (en) * 1970-04-21 Evgenievich Yazvitsky Pavel Mine roof support assembly

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL279454A (de) * 1961-06-09
HU162717B (de) * 1971-03-05 1973-04-28

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA832741A (en) * 1970-01-27 Vasilievich Martynov Boris Mechanized hydraulic timbering
CA839498A (en) * 1970-04-21 Evgenievich Yazvitsky Pavel Mine roof support assembly
BE672415A (de) * 1964-11-17 1966-03-16

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983710A (en) * 1974-10-31 1976-10-05 Rheinstahl Ag Device for sealing a roof of an excavation
US4027489A (en) * 1975-04-17 1977-06-07 Dowty Mining Equipment Limited Mine roof support
US4012914A (en) * 1975-04-22 1977-03-22 Klockner-Werke Ag Mine roof support
US4102140A (en) * 1975-07-19 1978-07-25 Gullick Dobson Limited Self-advancing mine roof supports
US4080794A (en) * 1976-05-21 1978-03-28 Bochumer Eisenhutte Heintzmann Gmbh & Co. Arrangement for supporting roofs of underground excavations
US5033913A (en) * 1989-12-23 1991-07-23 Meco Mining Equipment Limited Mine roof support
US10774642B1 (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-09-15 Liaoning University Hydraulic support unit and hydraulic support for anti-rock burst roadway

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1485902A (en) 1977-09-14
PL92966B1 (de) 1977-04-30
ES434740A1 (es) 1976-12-16
DE2407227B1 (de) 1975-06-05

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