US392014A

US392014A - despeissis

Info

Publication number: US392014A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 1905-10-30

Description

(No Model.) 4- Sheets-Sheet 1.4

M. A. DESPEISSIS.

DRAFT REGULATOR;

No. 392,014. L. Patented 001;. so, 1888.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2- M. A. DESPEISSIS.

DRAFT REGULATOR.

No. 392,014. Patented Oct. 30, 1888.

(NoModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet a. M. A. DESPEISSIS.

DRAFT REGULATOR.

No. 392,014 Patented Oct. 30, 1888.

Fly: 4. 12 a.

0% i245. y 7. M/ew/M '(NoModeL) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

M. A. DESPEISSIS.

v 'DRAFT REGULATOR. No. 392,014. Patented Oct. 30, 1888;

NITE TATES Pnrnnr tries.

MARIE AUGUSTIN DESPEISSIS, OF ST. KILDA, VICTORIA.

DRAFFREGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,014, dated ()ctober 3t), 1888.

Application filed September 15, 1887. Serial No. 249,795.

(No model.) Patented in Victoria November 16, 1886, No. 4,813,- in

England February 25, 1887, No. 2,987; in New Zealand March 11, 1887, No. 2,254; in New South \Valos August 2, 1887, No. 16; in France October 13, 1887, and in Queensland December 16, 1387, No. 316.

To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARIE AUGUSTIN DE- srEIssIs, a French citizen, residing at Barkly Street, St. Kilda, in the British Colon y of Victoria, have invented Improved Means for Creating an Even and Regular Draft through the Tubes or Flues of Steam-Boilers, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, dated February 25, 1887, No. 2,987; in France, dated October 13, 1887, but unnumbered; in Victoria, dated November 16, 1886, No. 4,813; in New Zealand, dated March 11., 1887, No. 2,254; in New South WVales, dated August 2, 1887, No. 16, and in Queensland, dated December 16, 1887, No. 316,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide means for creating an even and regular draft through the tubes of steam-boilers by causing the products of combustion from the furnace or fire-box to spread evenly and pass at a uniform rate through each and every one of the boiler-tubes, and to pass to the draft flue or stack at as nearly as possible the same moment, whereby an economy in heat is effected and the steaming power of the boilers is increased.

To these ends the invention consists in means for regulating the flow of the products of combustion according to the temperature thereof from the point of exit from the several tubes to the point of entrance of the draft flue or stack, and in structural features and combinations of parts, substantially as hereinafter described,and set forth in the claims. The abovedescribed results are attained by making the distance to be traversed by the products of combustion through all the tubes from the point of exit therefrom to the point of entrance to the draft fine or stack substantially the same; but inasmuch as the products of combustion are not of the same temperature in all the boiler-tubes in multitubular boilers, the products escaping from the lower tubes being always of a lower temperature than those escaping from the upper tubes, it becomes nec essary to correspondingly lessen the distance which the cooler products of combustion have to travel before reaching .the entrance to the draft flue or stack. The difference is, however, a very small one, seldom more than an inch or two between the two extremcsthat is, between the highest and lowest tube. Various means may be employed to attain the desired results, some of which will be described hereinafter, and are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1' is a horizontal sectional view of so much of a multitubular stationary boiler as is necessary to illustrate my invention in its application to such boilers. Figs. 2 and 3 are like views of a portion of a twin tube and a Cornish boiler. Fig. 4- is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of a locomotive-boiler, illustrating my improvementsintheirapplicationtosuch. Fig. 5 is a sectional detail view illustrating a modification in the arrangement of the baifle plates relatively to the boiler-Hues. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of so much of-a stationary multitubular boiler with a returndraft flue as is necessary to illustrate the applioation of my improvements thereto; and Figs. 7 and 8 show by a horizontal and a vertical transverse section, respectively, a portion of a multitubular stationary and locomotive boiler, illustrating a modification in the means employed for attaining the results aimed at.

Asimple mode of carrying out my invention is to form an extension at the end of the boilertube,where but one is used, so arranged at the exit end of said tube as to cause the products of combustion to traverse the same distance from any point at the exit end of the tube to the point of entrance or admission to the draft flue or stack. In multitubular boilers a plurality of such extensions may be provided, into which the boiler-tubes discharge the pro ducts of combustion. One such extension may be employed for one or more rows of boilertubes, and they may be arranged horizontally or vertically, according to the location of the draft flue or fines or stack; or they may be arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the boiler-tubes, where the spacein the smoke chamber or box does not admit of extending the tubes in a rectilinear direction. In either case diverting-dues are formed that increase the distance traversed by the products of combustion from the exit end of the tubes to the ICO draft flue or stack, and if this distance is prop erly regulated according to the distance of said exit end of the boiler-tubes to the point of entrance or admission to the draft flue or stack the products of combustion from all the tubes will enter the stack or draft-flue simultaneously, thus creating an even flow of the products of combustion and a uniform draft, whereby heat is economized and the steaming power of the boiler materially increased.

That myinvention may be fully understood, I will describe the same in detail, referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Fig. 1.

A indicates the boiler; 13, the boiler-tubes; O,the smoke box or chamber, and O the draftglues arranged on opposite sides of the boiler and leading to the chimney.

D D indicate a series of bathe-plates secured to the end of the boiler and converging toward the center thereof, one such plate being interposed between each two rows of boilertubes. The plates are arranged vertically, for the reason that the draft-fines are located on opposite sides of the boiler,and said plates extend from the bottom to the top of the smoke box or chamber 0, thus forming divertingilucs for each row of tubes. The width of the plates is so regulated that the distance traveled by the products of combustion from the end plate of the boiler to a point which may be called the entrance to the draft-fines is the same for all the boiler-tubes, the said distance being, ifanything, shorter for the lower boilertubcs, for the reason, as hereinabove stated, that the temperature of the products of coinbustion passing through the lower boiler-tubes is not as high as that of the products of combustion passing through the upper boilertnbes, and consequently do not travel as fast as the more highly-hcated products of combastion.

As shown, the ballle-plates I) form vertical lines or passages for each vertical row of boiler-tubcs that converge toward the center of the boiler, said passages decreasing in width toward that point. The point of admission of the products of combustion to the draftllues C may therefore be considered as located. at d, or along the outer-edge of the outer wider baffle-plates,]). The distance to be traversed by the products of combustion from the outer vertical row of tubes is therefore from 1 to d, while the distance traversed by the products of combustion from the next row of tubes is from 2 to d to d, which distance is equal to 1+ (1. The distance traversed by the products of combustion from the next row of tubes is from 3 to d to Z,which is also equal to the distance 1 d, and, finally, the distance traversed by the products of combustion passing through the central row of tubes is from 4: to (1 along the edges of the baffle-plates, and is equal to the distances 3 (1 cl (1, 2 l+ d (l, and 1 (I, respectively, so that the products of combustion from all the boiler-tubes travel the same distance before their entrance into the draft-fines, and are admitted to said fines simultaneously.

The distance to be traversed by the products of combustionmay be varied within certain limits by making the battle-plates simultaneously adjustable, as shown in Fig. 1, in which all the baffle-plates, and on opposite sides of the boiler-center, are connected to a rod, E, said plates being hinged to the bOllGlFflllC plate.

In Fig. 21'. have shown the invention applied to a boiler having but two fire-tubes, and in Fig. I; I have shown it as applied to a Gornish boiler, the baffle-plate being of masonrywork. In either case the baftle-plates project over the flue to a pointin the plane of the vertical diameter thereof, to divert one-half of the products of combustion and cause them to traverse the same distance as the remainder of said products.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the invention in its application to a locomotive-boiler, and here we may admit the point of entrance to the slack to be at X, and it will be seen that the distance traversed by the products of combustion from the point 7 to d and X is equal to the distance from 1 to d-l-d X, or from 4 to d[ (1" (1+ 11 X,or from 6 to (1 (7) d+d X,and so on. These battle-plates may also be made adjustable by hinging them to the boiler-flue plate and connecting them to a manipulating-rod,as described in reference to Fig. 1.

The devices may be made to perform the function of a spark-arrestcr by connecting the battle-plates to a casing, G, open at its lower end and having openings G in front of each boiler-tube,lcading to the passages formed by the bafl'leplates D, as shown in Fig. 5, the solid or incandescent matter being projected by the draft against the inner face of the easing, or against the baffle-plates, should such. incandescent matter pass through the openings G in the casing. To prevent the latter, a wire-gauze or other like foraminous material. may be applied over the openings G and secured to the inner face of easing G; or said wire-gauze may be applied to the outer end of the baffle-plates.

In Fig. (i I have shown the invention in its application to a stationary boiler in which the smoke-box is connected to a return-draft flue. In Fig. 7 the same results are attained by means of pipes, the aggregate area of which is equal to the aggregate area of the boiler-tubes, all of said pipes terminating at one end at the point of entrance to the draft-flue and at the other within a few inches of the end of the boiler-tubes, the pipes varying in length, so that the distance traveled by the products of combustion from the point of exit from the boiler-tubes to thetpoint of entrance to the draft-flue will be the same for all the tubes. In Fig. 7 I have shown the dues themselves extended. into the smokebox to produce the same results.

Instead of connecting the baffle-plates to the flue-plate of the boiler, they may be con pected to the smokebox. door when practicaale.

IlO

Havingdescribed my invcntion,whatTclaim 1s 1. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the draft due or stack and the boiler-tube, of a diverting-flue at the exit end of said tube, arranged to divert a portion of the products of combustion issuing therefrom, the degree of diversion varying with the distance between the points of exit of the products of combustion and the draft flue or stack, sub stantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a multitubular steam-boiler, the combination, with the draft fine or stack and the boiler-tubes, of a diverting-fine for one or more rows of tubes at the exit end thereof, the length of which flues varies with the distance between said exit end of the tubes and the entrance to the stack, and according to the velocity of the flow of the products of combustion through said tubes, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a stean1-boiier, the combination, with the stack and the boiler-tubes, of a diverting 1 flue for one or more rows of tubes at the exit end thereof, and a collecting-chamber open at bottom interposed between the tube ends and the flues and provided With openings leading into the diverting-fines, said Hues varying in length according to the distance from the exit end of the boiler-tubes to the entrance of the stack, and according to the velocity of the flow of the products of combustion through said tubes, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the stack and the boiler-tubes, of adjustable diverting-fines at the exit end of the boilertubes, said diverting-finesvarying in length in proportion to thedistance between said exit end ofthe boilertubes and the entrance to the stack, and according to the velocity of the flow of theproduets ol'eoinbustion through said tubes, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

M [till AU 1] U S'llN DESPETSSIS. \Vitncsscs:

EDWARD Wirrnus, \VALTER SMYTIIE BAYSTON.