US391084A

US391084A - Knitting machine

Info

Publication number: US391084A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-10-16
Anticipated expiration: 1905-10-16

Description

-(No Model.) 7 sheets sheet 1.

J. SOHMITT.

KNITTING MAGHINE.

No. 391,084. Patented Oct. 16, 1888.

2 t e e h s s t e e h S 7 T T m H G S J n d 0 M o m KNITTING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 16, 1888.

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71/1/nkJJm' 671 yM (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. SCHMITT. KNITTING MACHINE.

(No Model.) 7\ Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. SGHMITT.

KNITTING MACHINE.

N0. 391,084. Patented 0013. 16, 1888.

(No Model.)

7.Sheets-Sheet 5. -J. SOHMITT,

KNITTING MACHINE. I

Iatented Oct. 16,- 1888.

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(No Model.) 'z Shets-Shet 6/ J. SOHMITT.

KNITTING MACHINE.

No. 391,084. v Patented Oct. 16, 1888.

MIA/m4 7 Sheets-Sheet 7..

(No Model.)

J. SOHMITT.

KNITTING MAGHINE.

No. 391,084. Patented 001:,- 16, I888.

. J12 2/4 22 fax.

7 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHANN SCHMITT, OF ooBLENrz, PRUSSIA, GERMANY, 'ASSIGNOR or Two- THIRDS TO JEAN B. OOBLENZER, or SAME PLACE, AND cam. uUsrAv RoMME HoLLER, OF ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS.

KNITTING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 391,084, dated October 16, 1 888.

Application filed July 6, 1887. Serial No. 243.492. (No modei.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that [,Joaarm Sorrmrrga subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at Goblentz, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Knitting-Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

My present invention involves improvements on my machine for knitting stockings, [O &c., for which I filed application for Letters Patent in the United States May 12, 1887, Se-

rial No. 238,021, the essential features of which are a rotating spiral and an oscillating needle which catches the meshes from one end of the x 5 spiral, the said needle being displaceable and movable in such a manner that the paths or courses described or traveled over by it may be made to incline from opposite directions spiral.

My improvements,described hereinafter, relate to a mesh-turner operating in connection with such a spiral and coacting needle, by

means of which it is possible to form ribbed knitting correctly.

Before describing the construction of the v mesh-turner and the way in which it acts it is necessary to describe the principle of this kind of knitting.

When a woman wants to knit ribbed work in knitting stockings, she puts the needle alternately from the inside and from the outside,

into the last mesh that is on the knitting-needle. Vith this needle she draws a new mesh from the outside through one old mesh, and then draws asecond new mesh from the inside through another old mesh,and thus forms two new meshes which lie opposite each other. These meshes are termed right and left meshes. This distinction is not very clear, for a mesh which, when seen from the outside of the knitted fabric, is left, when seen from the inside is right. Owing to this the terms right and left meshes will not be used in this specification; but instead of them it will be said that meshes have been drawn in either from the outside or the inside. As the knitting is a hose, there can be no mistaking of these expressions. If the knitting is done in the-way described in my application filed May to a plane laid through the axis of the bent 12,1887, Serial No. 238,021, the needle n,hereinafter referred to, must always form meshes which have been drawn in from the outside.

I term them, briefly, out-side meshes. The needle it passes from the outside through the falling-off mesh. In order to be able to form with this needle n,which is always moved and oscillated regularly, meshes that lie opposite to those just described, or, in other words, to form inside meshes, the following conditions 6 are necessary: First of all a mesh-turner must be applied between the needle n and spiral end 8. This mes11-turner must turn the. mesh that falls off end 8 by. one hundred and eighty degrees before the needle n passes through the 6 old mesh. The needle n passes,therefore, from the inside through this mesh of the hose, and consequently an inside mesh is formed.

The mesh-turner can be arranged in two ways, either with a stationary or with a movable oscillation-axle. Both modifications are represented in the drawings.

For the sake of greater clearuess, the meshturner with a movable oscillation-axle will be described first.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows in front view the knittingmachine with the meshturner lying before it. Fig. 2 shows a top view thereof in a partial section through line a: y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a side view ofthe machine. Fig. 4 shows a front view of the spiral ends and the mesh-turner. Fig. 5 shows a top view of the same. Figs. 6 to 13 show different positions of the spiral ends and of the mesh-turner during the formation of atwisted mesh, the mechanisms for moving the meshturner being not shown in these figures. Fig.

14 shows a front view of the spiral ends and the position of the mesh-turner during the formation of a common mesh. Figs. 15 to 17 0 show a modification of the mesh-turner in different positions. Fig. 17" shows detailed views of the modified mesh-turner.

The machine in general is similar to that, shown and described in my application filed May 12, 1887, Serial No. 238,021, and the different main parts will therefore herein be briefly referred to.

sis the knitting spiral with its two ends, 8's.

n is the needle through which the yarn runs. roo

turner are as follows: The sickle shaped bent mesh-turner m m, Fig. 4, is'firmly connected with a cog-wheel, l, which revolves on the axle 2 ofthe arm 3. 'The arm 3 is in its turn firmly connected with the cog-wheel 4, which sits loose on the axle 5. The bearing of the v axle is in the support T, and the axle cannot rotate in it. The axle bears the non-rotating sector 6, which gears into the cog-wheel 1. The rack T is moved to and fro by lever 'l and carve-disk T, and whenever it moves the cog-wheel 4 oscillates, the mesh -turner m m being forced to oscillate also, which it does in the way shown in Figs. 6 to 13. The center of the mesh-turner describes a semicircle, and the sickle of the mesh-turner likewise turns by one hundred and eighty degrees. This turning of the sickle serves to turn the mesh, or, in other words, to form an inside mesh. It proceeds in the following way: Whenever the slide-roller T" of the leverT is in a hollow of the curve-disk T, Fig. 2, the mesh-turner is in theposition shown in Fig.

\ 6. The spring T makes roller T lie constantly against disk T In Fig 6 the needle n has Just: hung up the mesh m m on end 8" of the spirals, and the spiral end 8, which turns in the direction of the arrow, will drop the mesh a: in a moment. This would occur if the sickle m of the mesh-turner m m did not pass into' the mesh from-the right and catch it up.

Fig. 7 shows the position of the mesh-turner at when it has turned so far and when its cen ter has sunk so much that it holds the mesh securely. It must be observed that the side of the mesh turned toward the sickle-arm m was that which was on the outside of the hose. The side that is turned toward the sickle'point has therefore been the inside of the mesh. During this-time the needle n recedes completely. Fig. 8shows itin its extreme position. In Fig. 9 the needle nhas advanced again, and in Fig. 10 the sickle of the mesh-turner is in such a position that when the needle n advances it can pass into the inside of the mesh x. In doing so the needle passes close behind the mesh-turner.- The meshturner has thus completed its one oscillation. It recedes then,

and the contrary oscillation takes place. Now

it draws itself out of the turned mesh, as it is shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The mesh x, which has been taken off the spiral end 8' and is now hanging on the needle 7, in combination with I the mesh 00* x :0 which is hung up on s when the needle has advanced enough, Fig. 13, formsan inside mesh,for w w a? has been con-. duetedinto the 01d mesh w from the inside.

In Figs. 6' to 13 the driving-wheels for the mesh-turner are not shown, but the course of the axle of the mesh-turner is indicated by a dotted line. When the needle recedes, Figs.

. 6 and 7, the hangingmcsh slips off the needle n.

3. I will describe first Fig. 7 shows the mesh B when it has slipped oh and is hanging in mesh 00 m The motion of the mesh turner is dependent, as isevident, on the curve of the curve-disk.

If the elevation is so slight that the mesh-turner is moved a little only out of the position represented in Fig. 6, the mesh-turner will only catch up the falling mesh and hold it, as shown in Fig. 14. The meslrturner may be caused to remain so long in this position that the needle n will reach the position in Fig. 10, and the needle will pass then from outside into the unturned mesh. A common outside mesh will he thus formed, and the mesh-turner, which has performed only a short forward oscillation, will move back then and draw itself out of the mesh. The latter is then hanging on the needle n,which on moving forward hangs up a loop as a new common outside mesh on s, according to, the device in the curve-disk, to

make alternately outside and inside meshes or to make two outside meshes successively and two inside meshes. This alternateformation of -mcshes is automatic and occurs on each revolution of the axle.

In the place of this doubly oscillating meshturner, a mesh-turner with a stationary oscillation-axle may be employed, as is shown in Figs. 15 to 17. In this case the oscillation-axle 0 of the mesh-turner m is placed-between thetwo spiral ends 3' given to this axle 0 by the curve-disk T", roll T lever T, and rack-bar T? in the same way as it is shown in the case of axle 5 in Figs. 1 to turner more exactly. It has three ribsmrr, Fig. 5, the two last-named ribs being set opposite each other and the mesh-turner being slightly narrow at that part on which the said ribs 1",? are. In addition to this the meshturner has a slit, i".

The working. (action) of this oscillating mesh-turner is as follows; The mesh :0, that falls offend s',is caught up by the mesh-turner, which, owing to its oscillating motion in the Au oscillating motion is the shape of this meshdirection of the arrow 1 Fig. 15, enters the,

mesh from the inside and holds it up. If a common outside mesh hasto be formed, the mesh-turner remains in the position shown in Fig. 15, enter the mesh x from the outside. The ribs WW" assist the needle in'cntering the mesh,for they form a hollow under the mesh .10 while it lies on-them, and into this hollow the needle can enter with case. In taking up the mesh the needle passes between the two ribs, catches up the mesh, and hangs it up on spiral end 3.

and on its course the needle a will.

The mesh-turner may remain in its position till the needle has retired again and has drawn itself out of the mesh-turner; but the meshturncr can also go back before that; but, if an ,inside mesh has to be formed, the meshturner does not remain in the'position indicated in Fig. 15, but continues to rotate in the direct-ion of the arrow '0. In continuing this oscillatingmotion in the directionof arrow'u the mesh-turner will slide still farther into the mesh and finally carries the mesh along with it, as shown in Fig. 16. It must be noticed that during the oscillation of the mesh-turner that has j us* occurred,and amounted to about one hundred and eighty degrees, the mesh itself'has turned very little, for the thickline indicating the outside d of the mesh is still quite on the outside of the machine, and, besides that, below. The mesh or will not turn before the meshturner has oscillated farther, as is shown in Fig.17, and in doing that it slides over the rib 1". The mesh is always endcavoring to move down ward,and as it is lifted by the last portion of the forward movement of the mesh'turner, (see Figs. 16 and 17,) and as it resists as much as possible the twist given it by the meshturner, it is forced out of the position shown in Fig. 16 into that of Fig. 17.

In Fig. 16 themesh lies over the narrowest part of themcsh turner; but owing to the continued movement it slips onto the broaderpart, as shown in Fig. 17. \Vhen the mesh is in this position, the needle it crosses the meshturner. As is evident from Fig. 17, the needle enters the mesh from the former inside of the mesh x, and in this way a twisted or in-' side mesh is formed. After the new mesh has been hung up, the mesh turner withdraws from it.

A characteristic peculiarity in the arrangement of the mesh-turner is, that it oscillates round an axle lying in front of the two ends of the bent spiral. This oscillation-axle ot the mesh-turner may either be stationary or may perform a motion of its own. Another characteristic peculiarity of this mesh-turner is that it forms the ribs in the knitting by merely-hanging up and holding fast a certain number of the meshes of the hose without turning them, and by turning a certain number of the meshes by about one hundred and eighty degrees, by which action a ribbed appearance is given to the hose.

This mesh-turner turns the mesh that falls off the spiral by one hundred and eighty degrees before the k nitting-needle passes through this mesh, and forms a new mesh. The purpose of this mesh-turner is to enable the production of ribbed knit fabric such as is commonly seen in the upper ends and legs of stockings. With the aid of this mesh-turner this ribbed knitting is performed by one needle without its being necessary to unthread and rethread it. The mesh-turner oscillates by aboutone hundred and eighty degrees. In this case the mesh is turned round completely, and owing to that it is of great surety for the needle passing through the turned mesh.

For the purpose of forming the inside mesh the spiral end 8 must be'displaced from its usual position and must be turned back by about ninety degrees, so that the position ot the needle n to the spiral end 8 is altered. This gives the mesh-turner time enough to seize the mesh falling off the spiral end 8 and to turn it before the needle passes through the mesh. position it has hitherto occupied, (application Serial No. 238,021,) the mesh falls off itdirectly onto the needle n, that stands under it.

This mesh-turner assists the format-ion of not only inside but also of outside meshes, because the spiral end 8 is turned back by ninety degrees. If itdid not work, the outside meshes When the'spiral end 8 is in the old would fall off the spiral end 8' without there being anything to take them up. The needle n is not yetarrived with its point under the spiral end 8, which has been turned back. The mesh-turner must therefore also catch up the outside meshes when they fall off and hold them till the needle it passes through them from theoutside. As the mesh-turner does not turn the mesh in this case, the motion of the mesh-turner must be very slight,of course. It must move forward only far enough to catch up the mesh and hold it. It has not to turn the mesh in this case, for to form an outside mesh the mesh lies just right for the needle.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s-

' l 1. In knitting-machines, the combination of an oscillating mesh-turner, m, and the bent spiral s with an eyed needle, n, for the purpose as described.

2. In knitting-machines, the combination of an oscillating mesh-turner, an, the bent spiral s, and an eyed needle, n, with the oscillating arm 3, the cog-wheels 1 and 6, and shaft 5, for the purpose as described.

3. The combination of a bent spiral, s, with an eyed needle, n, and an oscillating meshturner, m, oscillating arm 3, the eog-wheels 1 and 6, cog-wheels t, rack T, levcrT, axle 5, and the cam-disk, for the purpose as described. I

It witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

O. MUHLNER, B. R01.