US3910489A - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
US3910489A
US3910489A US441866A US44186674A US3910489A US 3910489 A US3910489 A US 3910489A US 441866 A US441866 A US 441866A US 44186674 A US44186674 A US 44186674A US 3910489 A US3910489 A US 3910489A
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United States
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
shaft
channels
piston
disc
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Expired - Lifetime
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US441866A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bengt Uden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AS PELLERIN/ZENITH
PELLERIN ZENITH AS
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PELLERIN ZENITH AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0485—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with a displaceable piston in the centrifuge chamber

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A centrifuge which comprises a rotary centrifuge shaft, a cylindrical drum arranged about said shaft and having end walls, the centrifuge shaft being provided with two pairs of channels which create communication betweenthe interior of the centrifuge and inlet and outlet conduits at the two ends of the centrifuge shaft.
  • One pair of channels open into the interior of the centrifuge at one end thereof and are spaced from one another, while the other pair of channels open in a corresponding manner into the interior of the centrifuge at the other end thereof.
  • a disc of a diameter smaller than that of the centrifuge drum is provided in the centrifuge and fixed to the shaft thereof.
  • the disc is disposed at one end of the centrifuge between the two channels which open at this end.
  • a piston movable along the centrifuge shaft and having substantially the same diameter as the centrifuge drum is arranged between the disc and the other end of the centrifuge.
  • the centrifuge has two stationary discs which are disposed each at one end of the centrifuge and between the mouths of the respective pairs of channels.
  • the movable piston is displaceable between the two stationary discs.
  • CENTRIFUGE This invention relates to a centrifuge and particularly to a centrifuge which is adapted, once fats have been treated with phosphoric acid, to separate the precipitated phosphatides.
  • fatty oils utilized in the manufacture of foodstuffs contain in the state they have been recovered from the vegetable or animal feedstock a great or small amount of free fatty acids which are removed by refining with alkali, usually in the form of wet refining which comprises treating the fat with an aqueous solution of alkali, such as soda lye.
  • refining with alkali is preceded by a treatment of the fat or oil with phosphoric acid for the precipitation of so-called phosphatides.
  • the phosphatides precipitated are separated from the oil prior to the alkali treatment, for instance by centrifugation.
  • the centrifuges as hitherto used often do not continuously discharge the phosphatide sludge separated, and have to be stopped from time to time for discharge of the phosphatide sludge which has been separated, in the centrifuge, from the oil. Depending upon the phosphatide content of the fat it is necessary to perform such a discharge one or two times per shift.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge with facilities for a continuous discharge of the phosphatide sludge separated from the oil, so that the centrifuge can operate continuously without making it necessary to stop the centrifuge for discharging the phosphatide sludge.
  • the centrifuge is provided to this end with means which during operation of the centrifuge are adapted to supply a mixture of fat or oil and precipitated phosphatides (hereinafter designated sludge) and to draw off pure oil as well as to draw off sludge separated from the oil.
  • sludge a mixture of fat or oil and precipitated phosphatides
  • the centrifuge in its general embodiment comprises a centrifuge shaft supported by bearings at its opposed ends and driven by a motor, a cylindrical drum having end walls and arranged concentrically around the centrifuge shaft, and channels provided in the centrifuge shaft and establishing communication between the interior of the centrifuge and inlet and outlet conduits at the two ends of the centrifuge shaft, said conduits being adapted to supply untreated feedstock and to dishcarge treated material, respectively.
  • the channels comprise two pairs of channels the mouths of which in the interior of the centrifuge are spaced apart longitudinally of the centrifuge shaft, the mouths of one pair of channels lying at one end of the centrifuge and the mouths of the other pair of channels lying at the other end of the centrifuge; and the centrifuge includes at least one stationary disc which is located between the mouths of the one pair of channels and extends at right angles to the centrifuge shaft and has a radius smaller than that of the drum; and a circular piston which is disposed around and at right angles to the centrifuge-shaft and has a radius substantially equal to that of the drum, the piston being movable along the centrifuge shaft from an extreme position at one end of the centrifuge to an extreme position at the other end of the centrifuge.
  • the relative distance between the mouths of one pair of channels is at least equal to the combined thickness of a disc and the piston.
  • the centrifuge is provided with one stationary disc as described above. This embodiment is primarily intended for the centrifugation of oils in which the resulting sludge is relatively low viscous.
  • the centrifuge is provided with two such discs, the piston being movable between them. This embodiment is intended for both oils with low viscous sludge and oils with tough and high viscous sludge, such as sludge from soy bean oil.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the centrifuge according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2-5 show different stages of the operation of the centrifuge illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the centrifuge according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 7-10 show different stages of the operation of the centrifuge illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the centrifuge illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a shaft 1 to which a drum 2 having end walls 3 and 4 is fixed.
  • the shaft 1 has two pairs of channels 5, 6 and 7, 8, respectively.
  • the channels 5, 6 are connected at their one ends toinlet or outlet conduits 13, 14, 15 and 16, while the channels open at their other ends into the drum 2 spaced from one another, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the centrifuge shaft.
  • the channels 7 and 8 are arranged in a like manner as the channels 5, 6 so that, as will appear from FIG. 1, the two pairs of channels 5, 6 and 7, 8, respectively, open each at one end of the drum 2.
  • a disc 9 is fixed to the centrifuge shaft 1 substantially at right angles thereto between the mouth 17, 18 of the channels 5, 6 and the drum 2.
  • the disc 9 has a radius smaller than the radius of the drum 2, so that there is formed between the disc 9, the drum 2 and the end wall 3 an annular passage 21 which is in communication with the channel 5 for discharging material from the centrifuge or supplying material to it.
  • a circular piston 10 is disposed on the centrifuge shaft 1. The piston is shown in position at the other end of the drum between the mouths 19, 20 of the channels 7, 8. Like the disc 9 the piston 10 is arranged substantially at right angles to the centrifuge shaft 1, but as distinct from the disc 9 the piston '10 is movable along the centrifuge shaft 1 and has a radius substantially equal to that of the drum 2. Moreover, the centrifuge is supported in a conventional manner at its opposed ends, as has been indicated at 1 l in FIG. 1, and is adapted to be driven by a motor (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 shows the centrifuge in continuous operation at the separation of low viscous phosphatide sludge from oil treated with phosphoric acid
  • FIGS. 3-5 show how the centrifugeis emptied for instance upon exchange of product type or how it is operated at the separation of tough and highly viscous sludge, such as soy bean oil.
  • the oil and sludge mixture obtained at the treatment with phosphoric acid is supplied to the rotating centrifuge through the channel 6.
  • the oil and the sludge have an approximate density of 0.9
  • a suitable rate of rotation for a centrifuge having a length of about 2 meters and a diameter of about 0.4 meters has proved to be about 1000 rpm.
  • the heavy sludge is separated from the light-weight oil and migrates radially towards the wall of the centrifuge drum 2. From thatwall the sludge then moves laterally, that is in the longitudinal direction of the centrifuge shaft, to the left in FIG. 2 and through the annular gap or passage .21 between the disc 9 and the drum 2 and from there it passes through the channel 5..
  • the oil which is the more light-weight phase migrates from the inlet through the channel 6 to the channel 7 while the heavier sludge is separated off. The oil freed from sludge is drawn off through the channel 7.
  • FIGS. 3-5 combined with FIG. 2 also relate to the case when the separated sludge is tough and, does not by itself move out of the centrifuge, through the gap between the disc 9 and the drum 2,. but is builtup against the drum 2 and has to be positively emptied by means of the piston 10.
  • the first step is to interrupt the supply of oil/sludge mixture to the channel 6 and to supply water instead through said channel.
  • the water which has a density between that of the. oil and the.
  • Such a switch-over fromchannel' 5 to channel 6 can be dispensed with by arranging the disc 9 at the mouth 17 of the channel 6 and, in addition, by designing the piston 10 in such a way that in its lefthand end position abutting the disc 9 it does not cover the mouth 17 of the channel 6 but has said channel between itself and the disc 9. During the return of the piston 10 towards its earlier position the centrifuge is with, in which case, however, the oil contained in the drum at the closure of the channel 6 will be discharged together with the sludge throughthe channel 5.
  • FIGS. 6-10 corresponds. to that illustratedin FIGS. 1-5 except for the fact that a further disc 12 has been placed between the mouths 19, 20of the channels 7, S at the other end of the-centrifuge.
  • the function of the centrifuge shown in FIG.,6 will appear from FIGS. 7-10.
  • the centrifuge is constantly rotating and while the piston is moved to the left towards the disc 9 by the pressure from the oil/sludge mixture,-the newly supplied oil/sludge mixture is divided between the piston l0 and the disc 12 into oil and sludge,as shown in FIG. 9, simultaneously as the sludge and the oil between the piston 10 and the disc ,9 is discharged through the channelr5.
  • the'piston 10 In order to reach its end position abutting against the disc 9 the'piston 10 finally goes past the mouth 17 of channel 6, as will appear from FIG 10, whereby the centrifuged oil which has been supplied through channel 7, can escape through channel 6.
  • the separated sludge escapes, if it is low viscous, through channel 8 or collects against the drum 2,
  • FIGS. 7 and 10 are mirror-reversed pictures of each other and in order again to reach the position shown in FIG. 7 it is only necessary to repeat the procedure just demirrorthat described above with the exception, however, that before the channel 6 is closed and the piston 10 is moved to the left, water is supplied through the channel 6 until oil in the drum 2 has been expelled through the channel 7. The mixture then expelled by the piston 10 through the channel 5 will consist of sludge and water instead of oil and water, as shown in FIG.9.
  • a centrifuge comprising a driven centrifuge shaft supported by bearings at its opposed ends a circular piston movable along the centrifuge shaft, a cylindrical drum having end walls and arranged concentrically around the centrifuge shaft, and channels provided in the centrifuge shaft and establishing communication between the interior of the centrifuge and inlet and oulet conduits at the two ends of the centrifuge shaft, said conduits being adapted to supply untreated feedstock and to discharge treated material, respectively, wherein the channels comprise two pairs of channels the mouths of which in the interior of the centrifuge are spaced apart longitudinally of the centrifuge shaft, the mouths of one pair of channels lying at one end of the centrifuge and the mouths of the other pair of channels lying at the other end of the centrifuge; and the centrifuge includes at least one stationary disc which is located between the mouths of the one pair of channels and extends at right angles to the centrifuge shaft and has a radius smaller than that of the drum; and the circular piston is disposed

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US441866A 1973-02-13 1974-02-12 Centrifuge Expired - Lifetime US3910489A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7301988A SE370501B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-13 1973-02-13

Publications (1)

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US3910489A true US3910489A (en) 1975-10-07

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US441866A Expired - Lifetime US3910489A (en) 1973-02-13 1974-02-12 Centrifuge

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US (1) US3910489A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5134134B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1451532A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE370501B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050233883A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-10-20 Wagner Development, Inc. Conical piston solids discharge and pumping centrifugal separator
US20070049479A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Carr Robert B Gas driven solids discharge and pumping piston for a centrifugal separator
US20070114161A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-05-24 Carr Robert B Solids recovery using cross-flow microfilter and automatic piston discharge centrifuge
EP1967278A1 (de) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-10 Herbert Weidner Mehrstufige Zentrifuge mit Energie-Rückgewinnung zur Entsalzung von Meerwasser
US20100167899A1 (en) * 2008-12-29 2010-07-01 Carr Robert B Solids discharge centrifugal separator with disposable contact elements
US20170173597A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2017-06-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Centrifugal machine having an improved discharge system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US802725A (en) * 1904-12-12 1905-10-24 Title Owners Company Centrifugal ore-separator.
US3559879A (en) * 1964-04-01 1971-02-02 Rene G Levaux Means for the treatment of liquid to effect cooling,warming,vaporization,separation,purification and the like
US3771715A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-11-13 Escher Wyss Ag Self-cleaning centrifugal separator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US802725A (en) * 1904-12-12 1905-10-24 Title Owners Company Centrifugal ore-separator.
US3559879A (en) * 1964-04-01 1971-02-02 Rene G Levaux Means for the treatment of liquid to effect cooling,warming,vaporization,separation,purification and the like
US3771715A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-11-13 Escher Wyss Ag Self-cleaning centrifugal separator

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050233883A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-10-20 Wagner Development, Inc. Conical piston solids discharge and pumping centrifugal separator
US20070049479A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Carr Robert B Gas driven solids discharge and pumping piston for a centrifugal separator
US20070114161A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-05-24 Carr Robert B Solids recovery using cross-flow microfilter and automatic piston discharge centrifuge
EP1967278A1 (de) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-10 Herbert Weidner Mehrstufige Zentrifuge mit Energie-Rückgewinnung zur Entsalzung von Meerwasser
US20100167899A1 (en) * 2008-12-29 2010-07-01 Carr Robert B Solids discharge centrifugal separator with disposable contact elements
WO2010076657A3 (en) * 2008-12-29 2011-03-24 Wagner Development, Inc. Solids discharge centrifugal separator with disposable contact elements
CN102387867A (zh) * 2008-12-29 2012-03-21 瓦格纳发展公司 具有一次性接触元件的固体排放离心式分离器
US8475352B2 (en) 2008-12-29 2013-07-02 Wagner Development, Inc. Solids discharge centrifugal separator with disposable contact elements
CN102387867B (zh) * 2008-12-29 2013-12-11 瓦格纳发展公司 具有一次性接触元件的固体排放离心式分离器
AU2009334385B2 (en) * 2008-12-29 2015-10-08 Wagner Development, Inc. Solids discharge centrifugal separator with disposable contact elements
US20170173597A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2017-06-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Centrifugal machine having an improved discharge system
US10166551B2 (en) * 2014-03-28 2019-01-01 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Centrifuge machine having an improved discharge system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1451532A (en) 1976-10-06
SE370501B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-21
JPS5041159A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-15
JPS5134134B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-09-24

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