US3906906A - Rotary piston engine - Google Patents

Rotary piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906906A
US3906906A US443995A US44399574A US3906906A US 3906906 A US3906906 A US 3906906A US 443995 A US443995 A US 443995A US 44399574 A US44399574 A US 44399574A US 3906906 A US3906906 A US 3906906A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixture
chamber
auxiliary
fuel
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US443995A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fuminao Arai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aisin Corp
Original Assignee
Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aisin Seiki Co Ltd filed Critical Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/10—Fuel supply; Introducing fuel to combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A rotary piston engine wherein an auxiliary mixture chamber into which fuel is injected from a nozzle is provided between a suction port and an ignition plug in a center housing.
  • a mixture injection member which reciprocatingly slides in accordance with the rotation of a rotor is provided in the auxiliary mixture chamber, and a communicating hole of the auxiliary mixture chamber communicates with each of the working chambers of the rotary piston as each chamber moves past the hole. As each working chamber goes through its suction stroke.
  • a portion of the lean air/fuel mixture sucked in from the carburetor is also sucked into the auxiliary mixing chamber for mixture with fuel from the nozzle to produce a rich air/fuel mixture which is subsequently ejected into the lean air/fuel mixture in the working chamber.
  • the lean and rich mixtures of air/fuel are then compressed in the working cylinder and ignited by the ignition plug.
  • the present invention relates to a rotary piston engine, and more particularly to a rotary pistonjengine of the trochoid structure.
  • a rotary piston engine As compared with a reciprocating engine, a rotary piston engine is large in the ratio between the surface area of combustion chamber S and the volume of the combustion chamber V, that is S/V. For this reason, the cooling effect of the surface of the combustion chamber is great, and the combustion temperature is low.
  • the rotary piston engine consequently has the advantage of little NO, exhaust.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the deficiency of the rotary piston engine that the exhaust of HC and CO is of large amount, without spoiling the advantage of same that the exhaust of N0 is of small amount.
  • a further object of the present invention is to reduce the fuel consumption of the rotary piston engine.
  • a lean air/fuel mixture portion is formed on the cylinder surface side within the cylinder of a rotary piston engine, while a rich air/fuel mixture portion is formed at the central part of the cylinder or around an ignition plug, to effect the so-called stratified mixture supply, whereby the exhaust of NO is reduced and an incomplete combustion portion within the cylinder is also prevented without raising the combustion temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the central part of a rotary piston engine according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show cross sections of a part of FIG. 1 in different operating positions
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a modification of the part in FIG. 1.
  • grooves are provided in which seal members (not shown) are placed for keeping airtightness between both the side surfaces and both the side plates.
  • the cylinder 13 is partitioned into three working chambers 13a, l3b and 13c by the center housing 11, both the side plates, and the piston 12.
  • the working chambers 13a, 13b Upon rotation of the piston 12 about shaft 27, the working chambers 13a, 13b and move around the shaft 26 while changing in volume.
  • a communication hole 18 which provides a passage between an auxiliary mixture chamber 16 of a cylindrical shape and the first working chamber 13a.
  • a fuel injection nozzle 17 for injecting fuel into the auxiliary mixture chamber is provided at a suitable position of the side wall of the auxiliary mixture chamber 16.
  • a mixture push'out member 19 is fittedly inserted into the auxiliary mixture chamber 16 in a manner to be hermitically sealed and slidable on the side wall thereof.
  • a stopper 20 Over the auxiliary mixture chamber 16 is a stopper 20 which limits upward movement of the mixture push-out member 19.
  • the stopper 20 may be press-fitted or screwed into housing 11.
  • a through hole 20b through which a rod portion 19a of the mixture push-out member 19 penetrates.
  • a spring retainer 23 is fastened at the upper end part of the rod portion 19a. Between the spring retainer and the stopper 20, there is extended a spring 21, which normally urges the mixture push-out member 19 upwards as viewed in the drawings.
  • a cam 24 is disposed which is secured to and rotates about a shaft extending in a direction orthogonally intersecting the aforesaid axis of rod portion 19a. The cam 24 is driven by the output shaft 27 through a chain, gearing or the like, (not shown).
  • the number of revolutions of cam 24 is made three times as large as that of the piston 12. Shown at 28 is a cover which covers the cam 24, the rod portion 19a, etc.
  • An ignition plug 25 is disposed above the central part of the right-hand side of the center housing 11, that is, above the central part of the second working chamber 13b as viewed when the piston 12 is in the position illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the first working chamber 13a in FIG. 1 is in the course of the suction stroke, and is sucking in a lean air/fuel mixture from a carburetor (not shown) through the suction port 11a.
  • the second working chamber 13b is close to the end of the compression stroke.
  • the third working chamber 130 is under the exhaust stroke.
  • the mixture to be sucked in through the suction port 11a is approximately 18 22 in air/fuel ratio, and is leaner than the mixture of the ideal air/fuel ratio 14.7.
  • a rich mixture having an air/fuel ratio of, for example, about 13 is produced within the auxiliary mixture chamber 16.
  • the piston 12 rotates to bring the various parts to approximately the position in FIG. 2 in which the communication between the first working chamber 130 and the suction port 11a is cut off
  • the first working chamber 13a terminates the suction stroke and transfers to the compression stroke.
  • the cam 24 rotating in synchronism with the rotation of the piston 12 begins to press and shift the rod 19a of the mixture push-out member 19 downwards as viewed in the figure. Therefore, the mixture push-out member 19 begins to eject the rich mixture in the auxiliary mixture chamber 16 through the communicating hole 18 into the lean mixture of air/fuel in the first working chamber 13a.
  • the first working chamber 13a in FIG. 2 comes to the position of the second .working chamber in FIG. 1.
  • the rich mixture of large specific gravity is moved outwardly by a centrifugal force, so that a mixture of good ignitability is produced in the vicinity of the ignition plug.
  • the second working chamber 13b in FIG. 1 there arises a distribution of two layers of air/fuel mixture in which the outer peripheral portion or layer consists of the lean mixture and the rich mixture of suitable strength is included in a portion or layer at the central part and in the vicinity of the ignition plug.
  • the mixture of suitable strength at the central part is ignited by the ignition plugs 25a and 25b (it will be understood that only one ignition plug 25a may be provided), and the combustion begins. Subsequently, the lean mixture at the outer peripheral part burns. Owing to the expansion of the gas at this time, a turning force is bestowed on the piston 12 in the direction of the arrow. The turning force is transmitted to the output shaft 27 through the eccentric portion 27a, and is taken out as output. Upon further rotation of the piston 12, the first working chamber 13a rotates in the direction of the arrow A while increasing the area of working chamber.
  • the first working chamber 13a When the first working chamber 13a communicates with the exhaust port 1112, it decreases the area of working chamber while discharging the combustion gas through the exhaust port 11b. The engine at this point has terminated one complete cycle thereof. Thereafter, it comes to the position of the first working chamber 13a in FIG. 1 again, and the cycle which has thus far been explained is repeated.
  • the second working chamber 13b and the third working chamber 13c similarly operate with the respective phase shifts of l20 from the first working chamber.
  • a projecting portion 19b which fits in the communicating hole 18 in a nearly hermetic state when the mixture push-out member 19 has shifted to the lowermost end as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the projecting portion 19b diminishes the force by which the compression pressure of the compression stroke in the working chamber 13a, 13b, 13c
  • Shown at 20a is an air vent which communicates with the atmospheric air so that, when the mixture push-out member 19 is moved by the cam 24, the movement may not be hindered.
  • FIG. 4 A modified embodiment of the portion of the auxiliary mixture chamber 16 as well as the mixture pushout valve 19 of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the same symbols in FIG. 4 as those in FIGS. 1-3 designate the same members or members effecting the same functions.
  • the points of difference of the embodiment in FIG. 4 from the embodiment in FIG. 1 are as stated below.
  • the lower end part of the mixture push-out member 19 is provided with a'hem'ispherical surface
  • the lower end surface of the auxiliary mixture chamber 16 is also provided with a hemispherical surface coincident with the hemispherical surface of the member 19, and the communicating hole 18 is slanted and spaced from the center of the hemisphericalsurface of the chamber 16, so that upon suction, an intense spiral vortex is generated within the auxiliary mixture chamber 16, and upon injection of the fuel from the fuel injection nozzle 17, good mixing is conducted by the spiral vortex.
  • a seal member 29 is interposed between the mixture push-out member 19 and the cylinder surface of the auxiliary mixture chamber 16.
  • a rocker arm 27 which is pivotally supported by a shaft 26 is provided between the cam 24 and the rod portion 19a of the mixture push-out member 19.
  • an auxiliary mixture chamber is provided on the suction side of a center housing in a rotary piston engine which forms a layer of a rich mixture of suitable strength in the neighborhood of the central part of each working chamber and a layer of a lean mixture outside the rich mixture layer or at parts in contact with the center housing, side plates and piston, so that the stratified mixture supply is carried out to slowly and re liably burn the lean mixture by combustion of the lean mixture, thereby to prevent unburnt gas from being discharged and to prevent HC and CO from being discharged in large quantities.
  • the combustion speed can be made lower than in a prior art rotaty piston engine to which a uniform mixture having an air fuel ratio of about 14.7 is supplied, the combustion temperature can be lowered, and the exhaust concentration of NO can be made very low. Furthermore, since the wasteful exhaust of HC and CO is lessened, the fuel consumption is decreased.
  • a rotary piston engine having a case which includes a center housing with a polyarcuate inner peripheral surface and side plate portions for hermetically sealing the side parts of said center housing, a polygonal piston being provided within said case in a manner to be eccentrically rotatable therein, said piston sliding along the inner peripheral surface of said center housing at corner end parts of said piston, the interior of said case being partitioned into a plurality of working chambers, the volume of said each working chamber being varied at the sliding of said piston within said case, a suction port and an exhaust port being providedin said case, the improvement comprising a cylindrical auxiliary mixture chamber at an outer peripheral part of said center housing, means defining a communication hole in said center housing for fluidly communicating said auxiliary mixture with the interior of the particular working chamber communicating with said suction port, a nozzle and a mixture push-out member within said auxiliary mixture chamber, said nozzle being adapted to inject fuel into said auxiliary mixture chamber, a shaft driven by said piston, said mixture push-out member sliding airtightly on

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
US443995A 1973-02-23 1974-02-20 Rotary piston engine Expired - Lifetime US3906906A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2245173A JPS559535B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-23 1973-02-23

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US3906906A true US3906906A (en) 1975-09-23

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US (1) US3906906A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS559535B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2408335A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980054A (en) * 1975-06-19 1976-09-14 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Stratified combustion rotary piston engine with a fuel injection system
WO1996017168A1 (es) * 1994-12-02 1996-06-06 Philippe Luc Motor de combustión interna provisto de un sistema de inyección directa de combustible con asistencia por aire comprimido
US20190003307A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2019-01-03 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Internal combustion engine with rotor having offset peripheral surface
CN110242406A (zh) * 2019-05-22 2019-09-17 江苏大学 一种带有涡流室的转子发动机
US11407283B2 (en) 2018-04-30 2022-08-09 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Cab heating systems and methods for vehicles
US11993130B2 (en) 2018-11-05 2024-05-28 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Cooling systems and methods for vehicle cabs
US12030368B2 (en) 2020-07-02 2024-07-09 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Compressor systems and methods for use by vehicle heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3805747A (en) * 1971-09-20 1974-04-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd Combustion chamber device for a rotary piston internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3805747A (en) * 1971-09-20 1974-04-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd Combustion chamber device for a rotary piston internal combustion engine

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980054A (en) * 1975-06-19 1976-09-14 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Stratified combustion rotary piston engine with a fuel injection system
WO1996017168A1 (es) * 1994-12-02 1996-06-06 Philippe Luc Motor de combustión interna provisto de un sistema de inyección directa de combustible con asistencia por aire comprimido
US5785015A (en) * 1994-12-02 1998-07-28 Philippe; Luc Internal combustion engine provided with a system for direct fuel injection with pneumatic assistance
US20190003307A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2019-01-03 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Internal combustion engine with rotor having offset peripheral surface
US10605084B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2020-03-31 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Internal combustion engine with rotor having offset peripheral surface
US11407283B2 (en) 2018-04-30 2022-08-09 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Cab heating systems and methods for vehicles
US11993130B2 (en) 2018-11-05 2024-05-28 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Cooling systems and methods for vehicle cabs
CN110242406A (zh) * 2019-05-22 2019-09-17 江苏大学 一种带有涡流室的转子发动机
WO2020233341A1 (zh) * 2019-05-22 2020-11-26 江苏大学 一种带有涡流室的转子发动机
CN110242406B (zh) * 2019-05-22 2021-07-20 江苏大学 一种带有涡流室的转子发动机
US12030368B2 (en) 2020-07-02 2024-07-09 Tiger Tool International Incorporated Compressor systems and methods for use by vehicle heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems

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Publication number Publication date
DE2408335A1 (de) 1974-09-12
JPS49111010A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-23
JPS559535B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-03-11

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