US390335A - Tellurian - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

G. W. BENEDIOT & H. Y. MILLER.

TBLLURIAN.

Patented 001;. 2, 1888.

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GEORGE IV. BENEDIOT AND HARVEY Y. MILLER, OF COLLEGE CORNER, INDIANA.

TELLURlAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of 'Letters Patent No.390,335, dated Octoberz, 18823.

Application filed May 12, 1888.

To all whom, it r11/ty concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE W. BENEDIOT and HARVEY Y. MILLER, citizens of the United States, residing at College Corner, in the county of Union and State of lndiana,(our post-office address being College Corner, Butler county, Ohio,) have invented a new and useful Improvement in I'Iellurians, of which the following is a specification. I

Our invention relates to an improvement in atellurian, otherwise known asa solar globe,77 for which Letters Patent of the United States, No. 362, 871, were issued May 10, 1887, to the said George YV. Benedict. ln the tellurian shown and described in said Letters Patent the sunstandard7 is adjustably secured to the main arm, so as to be set by hand in different positions thereon for the purpose of illustrating the positions of perihelion and aphelion in the earths orbit.

One object of our improvement is to. cause thesun-standard to be automatically revolved about a fixed point on the main arm, thereby automaticallyillustrating thepositions of perihelion and aphelion during the earths revolution about the sun.

In the tellurian shown and described in said Letters Patent the moon-arm is shown and described as secured rigidly to a short pivotshaft, to which is also secured a pulley for rotating it, andthe earth-standard is so mounted on the moon-arm that it moves with the arm when the pivot-shaft is revolved.

A second object of our improvement is to provide means whereby the moon-arm and the earth-standard may be revolved independently of each other.

Athird object of our improvementis to cause the moon-arm to move about the earth-rnodel in an elliptical orbit which is inclined at an angle to the path of rotation of the moon-arm, instead of in a circular inclined orbit, as shown and described in the above-mentioned Letters Patent. v

The accompanying drawings illustrate our invention.

Figure l is a perspective view of a tellurian having our improvements. Eig. 2 represents a central longitudinal section ofthe main arm of the instrument with the various parts cenpected therewith.

Serial No. 273,738.

(No model.)

In the drawings, A is an elliptical table.

B is a slot having undercut edges and arranged in the minor axis of the table. C is a similar slot arranged in the major axis of the table, the two slots crossing each other at the center of the table; D, a block fitted to slide longitudinallyin the slot O; E, a similar block arranged to similarly slide in the slot B; F, the main arm oftheinstrument,thesamelying parallel with the table,and freely pivoted at its inner end to the two sliding blocks, the arm being hollowon the under side; G,asecond arm, hereinafter termed the moon-arm, lying above the main arm and in a plane parallel therewith, and pivoted thereto by means of a short vertical shaft, 1 which is arranged to revolve in a bearing formed in the main arm, the moon-arm being arranged to turn loosely on said shaft.

H is a circumferentially-grooved circular boss fixed upon the main arm and arranged eceentrically to the pivot-shaft l.

J is the earthstandard, on which the earthmodel K, consisting of a sphere freely jourualed upon an inclined axis, 2, is mounted.

Shaft l projects above the 1noon-arm, and thelower end ofthe earth-standard is hollow and nicely fits the upper end of the shaft, so that when the earth-standard is slipped over the shaft it will adhere thereto and rotate therewith. Shaft l is rotated, when the main arm is turned, by means of a sprocketswheelLL, which is secured to the pivot 3, which projects upward from sliding block D, and is secured therein so as to bear a lifted relation thereto, a similar sprocket-wheel, lll, secured to the shaft l, anda chain belt, N, which passes over both wheels.

O is the sun-standard, on which the sunmodel I), consisting of a sphere freely journaled upon an inclined axis, et, is mounted. The lower end of the sun-standard is provided with a short laterally-projecting arm, Q.

In the patent to Benedict, above mentioned, the sun-standard is secured to the main arm by a pin passing through the outer end of arm Q and into the arm, so that the sunrstandard may be set in different positions on the arm to illustrate the positions of perihelion and aphelion. For the purpose of causing the sunstandard to automatically assume these differ IOO ent positions during the revolution of the earth-model about the sun-model we provide a short vertical shaft, 5, mounted in suitable bearings in the main arm near its inner end, but outside of thepivot 3, and having a sprocket-wheel, G, secured thereto and engaging the chain belt N. To the upper end of shaft 5 the sun-standard is adjustably secured by means of a thumb-screw, 7, which passes through the outer end of arm Q.

R is the moon-model,whicl1 is supported on the upper end of the moon-standard S. Standard S consists of a bent rod passing through a slot, 8, in the outer end of the moon-arm, and having at its lower end an eye, which loosely embraces the grooved edge oi' the boss H.

The operation of our device is as follows: The outer end of the main arm may be swept entirely around the center of the table, and during this Inotion the arm rotates upon both the pivots by which the arm is connected with the slide-blocksD andv E, in the manner well known in the ordinary trammel77 for describing ellipses. The earth model, being mounted near the outer end of the arm, will consequently be carried around the sun-model in an elliptical orbit, and if the zodiacal belt be properly delineated upon the margin of the table the earth-model will move around over the zodiacal belt, thus serving to illusy trate the revolution of the earth around the sun in the zodiacal belt. At the same time that the earth-model is moving in its orbit about the sun1nodel the earth-standard is rotated once on its own axis by means of the sprocket-wheels L and M, shaft l, and chain N, thus serving to illustrate the inclination of the earths poles toward and from the sun and the seasonal changes. As the main arm is rotated, the sun-standard and sun, being carried with the arm,will revolve in a small elliptical orbit around the center of the table, thus serving to illustrate the motion of the sun around a point which is the common center of gravity ofthe sun and the planets revolving about it. The sun -standard, being adjustably attached to the main arm through the shaft 5 and thumb-screw 7, can be adjusted with reference to the block-pivots, so as to practically alter the dimensions of the suns orbit when desired, and the arm Q being secured to the shaft 5, so as to rotate therewith, the sunstandard and the sun-model revolve once during a revolution of the main arm in a circular path around the center of shaft 5, thus shifting the position of the sun-model in relation to the earth-model and illustrating the positions on perihelion and aphelion.

The earth-model may be rotated by hand upon its inclined axis, thus illustrating the earths daily motion and the changes from night t0 day.

rlhe moon-arm being free to turn about the shaft l, the moon-model may be revolved about the earth-model without rotating the earthstandard, and at the same time the moon-standard S, embracing with its eye 9 the eccentrically-arranged boss H, is caused to slide in the direction of its length through the slot 8 in the outer end of the moon-arm, thus causing the moon-model to move in an eccentric orbit aboutLthe earth-model, and at the same time raising and lowering the moon-model, thus causing it to move in an orbit which is inclined to the plane of the orbit of the earth-model. The moon-arm,being independent of the earthstandard,may be set at any desired point in its orbit, so as to show a changed relation to the inclination of the earths aXis and to the sun without disturbing the positions of the earthstandard, thus serving to illustrate different phases of the moon in a superior manner not attained in the construction shown in the Benedict patent above mentioned.

For the purpose of illustrating the movements of comets we remove the moon-model from the moon-standard and substitute therefor a rod, R', (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) which forms an extension of the moon-standard and carries a comet-model, t. Rod R is bent so as to pass over the sun-model as the moonarm is revolved. During the revolution of the moon-arm about its pivot the comet passes in its elliptical orbit outside of the sunmodel and the earth-model and clearly illustrates the wide differences in the comets position in relation to the sun.

We claim as our inventionl. The table provided with a pair ofintersecting slots, the slide-blocksin said slots, the main arm pivoted to both of said slideblocks,the vertical shaftjournaled in the outer end ofthe said main arm, the earth-model mounted on said shaft, a pair of sprocket-wheels, one of which is secured to one of the said sliding blocks so as to bear a fixed relation thereto,and the other of which is secured to said shaft, the belt passing around and connecting said wheels, the vertical shaft journaled near the inner end of the main' arm and carrying a third wheel, which is also actuated by said belt, the sunstandard having a laterally-projecting arm, which is secured to said vertical shaft, and the sun-model mounted on said sun-standard, all combined and arranged to co-operate substantially as specified.

2. In a tellurian, the combination of a main arm, a sun-standard supporting a sun-model and arranged at one end of said arm, a vertical shaft arranged at the other end of the arm, an earth-model supported on said shaft, a circular boss arranged on said arm eccentricall y to said shaft, an arm arranged to revolve about the shaft, a bent rod arranged to embrace the periphery of the boss and to slide in the directionvof its length through the arm and to rcvolve therewith, an extension of said rod removably secured thereto and bent so as to pass over the sun-model,andacomet-model mounted on said extension, all combined vand arranged to co-operate substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The table provided with a pair of intersecting slots, the slide-blocks in said slots,the

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main arm pivoted to both of said slideblocks, the vertical shaft journaled in the outer end of the main arm, the earth-standard adjustably secured to said shaft, the earth-model, a pair of sprocket-Wheels, one of which is secured to one ofthe said Sliding blocks so as to bear a Xed relation thereto, and the other of which is secured to said shaft, the belt passing around and connecting said Wheels,the1noon-arn1 pivoted on the shaft so as to turn easily thereon, the moon-standard connected with the moonarrn so as to revolve therewith, and the moonmodel mounted on Said standard, all combined and arranged to co-operate substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a telluran, the combination of a ver- GEORGE W'. BENEDIGT. HARVEY Y. MILLER.

XVitnesses:

E. M. KENNEDY, HARVEY BESS.

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