US3900051A - Apparatus and method for supplying pile warp threads in a loom for weaving terry cloth - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for supplying pile warp threads in a loom for weaving terry cloth Download PDF

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Publication number
US3900051A
US3900051A US457267A US45726774A US3900051A US 3900051 A US3900051 A US 3900051A US 457267 A US457267 A US 457267A US 45726774 A US45726774 A US 45726774A US 3900051 A US3900051 A US 3900051A
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Prior art keywords
pile warp
clamping
warp threads
beat
loom
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US457267A
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Robert Bucher
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
    • D03D27/02—Woven pile fabrics wherein the pile is formed by warp or weft
    • D03D27/06—Warp pile fabrics
    • D03D27/08—Terry fabrics

Definitions

  • the individual weft threads are beaten up in an alternating sequence to either directly adjoin the finished cloth (full beat-up) or to be spaced from the cloth at a spacing of some 0.5 to 2 centimeters (cm) (partial beat-up). If a full beatup is followed by two or more partial beat-ups, then the pile warp threads and the ground warp threads are initially bound in by the weft threads which are inserted with partial beat-ups at a distance from the finished cloth. At the next following full beat-up, the weft threads inserted with the partial beat-ups are pushed forward along the tensioned ground warp threads, until they also adjoin the finished cloth.
  • the invention provides an apparatus and method of supplying pile warp thread in a terry cloth loom in a manner to prevent pull-out of pile loops during weaving.
  • the apparatus comprises a pile warp release means which cooperates with a pile warp beam for delivering pile warp threads at a constant tension to a shed in the loom, a storage means downstream of the pile warp release means and a clamping means between the storage means and shed.
  • the storage means functions to form a reserve of pile warp threads upstream of the shed in the time interval between successive full beat-ups of the loom while the clamping means functions to selectively or periodically release the reserve from the storage means during a full beat-up in order to supply a measured length of pile warp thread in a substantially untensioned state.
  • the clamping means can be locked so as to prevent release of the pile warp.
  • the storage means is constructed, for example, of a pair of fixed parallel bars which extend across the width of the pile warp threads and a movable deflecting beam parallel to the bars which is able to move between the bars from a preset position for the formation of reserve loops in the pile warp threads. That is, as the deflecting beam moves into coincidence between and with the fixed bars, the threads are deflected out of a straightline path and deviate in a looped or curved pattern between the beam and bars.
  • the storage means also includes a guide means for guiding the deflecting beam towards and away from the bars, a cam drive for synchronizing the movement of the beam with the movement of a reed of the loom and a linkage between the drive and guide means to transfer the motion forces.
  • the drive may also have an adjustable coupling element which is dis-engagable from the reed drive so that the drive can be disengaged to disengage the storage mens from operation.
  • the cam drive serves to move the deflecting beam into a position of greatest deviation from a preset position immediately before a full beatup so as to form the thread reserve and into a position of least deviation during a full beat-up.
  • the clamping means is constructed, for example, of a clamping beam which is movably mounted between one of a thread releasing position and a thread clamping position. In the clamping position, the beam is pressed against the fixed bar of the storage means which is downstream of the deflecting beam.
  • the clamping means includes a cam drive for synchronizing the movement of the beam with the reed of the loom.
  • This cam drive may also include a dis-engagable coupling element by which the beam can be locked at least in the thread releasing position.
  • the cam drive can also be constructed to have the clamping beam bear on the bar of a storage means under a prestress between reed beats while being released during full beat-ups.
  • the coupling of the cam drive of the deflecting and clamping beams with the reed drive allows an exact synchronization of their functions to be obtained with the beat-up of the reed, as well as a synchronization of the chronological progress of the formation of the reserve supply of pile warp threads and the control of the release of the threads.
  • the cam elements of the deflecting beam drive and of the clamping beam drive may be mounted on the same camshaft. This substantially simplifies the construction of the apparatus.
  • a separate cam drive for the clamping beam may be omitted.
  • a drive element of the deflecting beam has an abutment means in operative connection with a corresponding abutment means on a drive element of the clamping beam, and the clamping beam is operated via this abutment means through the deflecting beam drive.
  • the drive mechanism for the clamping beam is substantially simplified.
  • the drive cams for the deflecting beam can be made so that the clamping beam holds the set of pile warp threads firmly during the storage process but if necessary, during full beat-up and, on occasion also during partial beat-up, can be briefly relased through the deflecting beam drive.
  • one off the aforesaid forms of construction mayy have the additional characteristic that both the fixed bars of the storage means and also the movable deflecting and clamping beams are mounted at both ends in bearing plates, which, in turn, are each fastened on one of the two side uprights of the loom and are adjustable as to their height and their distance from the apex of the shed.
  • the de fleeting beam may be locked in the position for least deviation of the set of pile warp threads, and the clamping beam may be locked in the release position through the disengagement and locking of the corresponding coupling elements.
  • the intermediate storage means can be combined with a pile warp releasing device wherein the pile warp beam has a relaxing brake which is adjustable as a function of the diameter of the wound-on pile warp to effect a constant tension in the paid-off threads.
  • the clamping means closed, upon movement of the deflecting beam into a new position. the pile warp beam starts turning after overcoming the braking force due to the pull exerted on the set of pile warp threads during the storing process.
  • the method of the invention includes the steps of building up a measured reserve of pile warp threads upstream of the shed between each two successive full beat-ups and of releasing the measured reserve during a following full beat-ups substantially without tension to prevent a backward pull out of the pile warp threads from the produced loops.
  • the reserve of pile warp threads may also be released during partial beats to be introduced into the weaving operation while being held under tension.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified schematic representation of a known pile thread release or relaxing means which is adjoined, in the direction in which the threads move, by a pile warp thread supplying apparatus in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 graphically illustrates the time-base progress of the movements of the reed and of the clamping beam, as a function of the angle of rotation of the main shaft of the loom for an operative cycle consisting of one full beat-up and two part beat-ups of the reed, and also the full beat-up of the following cycle in accordance with the invention;
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a known process for forming a nap through a sequence of-full beat-ups and only partial beat-ups of the weft threads;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the apparatus wherein the clamping beam is operated by the drive of the deflecting beam
  • FIg. 5 illustrates a simplified representation of a combination of the storage means of FIG. 4 with a pile warp thread release means formed of a brake which can be adjusted to a constant thread tension and which depends on the withdrawal of the pile warp threads through the deflecting beam.
  • a pile warp beam 1 shown in its high position is mounted to turn about a stationary axle.
  • the beam 1 contains a set 2 of pile warp threads which can be drawn off under practically constant tension.
  • a warp release means 3l5 for delivering the warp threads at a constant tension to a shed consists of the following parts: a tension roller 3 which is able to turn on the free end of a lever 5 which pivots about a fixed axle 4; a tension spring 7 which is connected to the lever 5 to tension the pile warp threads before they are conducted to a further fixed-location deviating roller 6 to form a loop which is variable in the sense indicated by the double-arrow 8; a link 9 which is hinged to one end of the lever 5 and is hingedly connected with an end ofa second lever 10, which, in turn, is pivotably mounted on a fixed axle 11; a pressure'plate 12 carried on an end of the lever 10 and which, through the intermediary of a compression spring 13, tensions a brakeband 14 about the warp beam; and
  • An intermediate storage means is located downstream of the warp release means 3-15 through which the set of pile warp threads pass.
  • This storage means includes a pair of fixed-location parallel bars 21, 22 and a deflecting beam 23 running parallel to the bars 21, 22 and movable transversely of their lengthwise direction.
  • the beam 23 is movable into the plane of the bars 21, 22 to deflect the threads to form a variable reservesupply loop.
  • the beam 23 is fastened to the free end of a guide means such as a lever 26 which is able to pivot about the fixed-location axle 24, as indicated by the double-arrow 25, and move in a path towards and away from the bars 21, 22.
  • the storage means also includes a cam drive 2737 for synchronizing the movement of the beam 23 with the movement of a reed (not shown) of the loom and a linkage 35 which connects the drive 27-34 to the lever 26.
  • the cam drive includes a cam element, i.e. a cam disk 29 which is mounted on a drive shaft 28 to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow 27 and a roller 30 which runs on the cam disk 29 and is mounted on one arm ofa double-lever 32 which pivots about the axle 31.
  • a tension-spring 33 connected between the lever 32 and a fixed point holds the roller 30 in contact with the cam-disk 29.
  • the other arm of the double-lever 32 carries ajoint 34 which is adjustable in an elongated slot.
  • the linkage 35 connects lever 32 with the other end of the pivoting lever 26 carrying the deflecting bar 23.
  • the present example of construction corresponds to a weaving process for producing a so-called three-weft texture, that is, a working cycle in which each two partial-beat-ups of the reed are followed by a full beat-up.
  • the drive shaft 28 turns at a third of the speed of the main drive-shaft (not shown) of the loom. Consequently, the cam-disk 29 has only one lobe on the periphery over which the roller 30 runs at each full beat-up of the reed.
  • a clamping means is also mounted between the storage means and the shed.
  • This clamping means includes a clamping beam 41 of a rigid U-shaped profile, over which an elastic hose of damping material, such rubber, synthetic material, or felt, is stretched for the purpose of not damaging the pile weft threads 2 which are clamped and held between the clamping beam 41 and the lower bar 22 of the storage means.
  • this beam 41 may just as weel be made in some other known way and is regarded as advantageous.
  • the clamping means includes a cam drive for synchronizing the movement with the reed.
  • This cam drive includes a cam element or disk 29' mounted on a drive shaft 28 which turns, as indicated, by the arrow 27, at a speed reduced to one third that of the main shaft. It is therefore easily possible to dispose the two cam-disks 29, 29, on a common shaft, although for greater clarity they are shown mounted on two different shafts 28, 28 in FIG. 1.
  • the drive also includes a double-arm lever 44 which is fastened to the beam 41 and which is able to pivot by the double-arrow 42 about an axle 43, and is, under the action of a tensile spring 45 connected between the lever 43 and a fixed point, subjected to a prestress tending to turn the beam 41 clockwise to press the beam 41 against the bar 22.
  • the lever 44 carries a roller 46 at one end which is biased toward the coupling element 29.
  • the clamping beam 41 is released at each beat-up of the reed and that the drive-shaft 28' runs at a third of the speed of the main drive-shaft of the loom.
  • the corresponding coupling element 29 must have three lobes, 120 apart.
  • the roller 46 will then, at each rotation of the shaft 28, be raised three times, i.e. at each beat-up of the reed, and the clamping beam 41 will be brought into the release position, in which the beam 41 is out of contact with the bar 22 and the pile warp 2.
  • the curve 61 shows schematically the chronological progress of the swinging movement of the reed 62, according to the double-arrow 63 shown in FIG. 3 as a function of the angle of rotation during three revolutions of the main drive-shaft of the loom, or during one revolution of the drive shafts 28, 28 for operating the deflecting and clamping beams.
  • the reed 62 (FIG. 3) has fully beaten up the weft thread 64v which is situated to the left, as viewed, of the previously only partially beatenup Weft threads 64t and 64t'.
  • FIG. 3 shows approximately the l080 instant, that is. the beginning of the next full beat-up 1' at which the reed 62 beats the weft thread 64v completely into the shed 67.
  • all three weft threads of this cycle, 641,, 64m, and 64r become bound into the finished fabric, and the length 20 of the pile warp thread 2 forms the next loop 212
  • Curve 72 (FIG. 2) shows schematically a movement of the clamping beam 41, during which this beam, at each beat I, I, t of the reed, and at least during the forward movement of the reed 62, i.e. during approximately the first 60 of each rotation of the main shaft, is brought into the release position.
  • Curve 710 shows the movement of the clamping beam 41 when the beam is released only during full beat-ups, while remaining closed during partial beat-ups as is for example the case in FIG. 5 with the cam-disks 29c, 29c. of course it is also possible, with a construction according to FIG. 1, to replace the cam-disk 29 having three lobes spaced 120, by three cams staggered l relatively to one another, so as to obtain a clamping beam movement according to 71a.
  • the clamping beam 41 serves to clamp the pile warp threads in place at a point between the measured reserve and the shed during building up of the measured reserve.
  • the curves 72 and 72b show the movement (doublearrow in FIG. 1) of the deflecting beam 23 for the formation of the reserve-supply loop of pile warp threads during a three-wefts cycle, this being for the two cam forms 29 and 29a respectively.
  • the reserve supply of thread is uniformly formed during the complete duration of the three reed-beats of the cycle shortly before the full beat v; has reached its maximum.
  • the clamping beam 41 is normally not released during the partial-beaats in order to avoid a backward pull-out of the pile loops.
  • the clamping beam movement thus corresponds to the curve 71a in FIG. 2.
  • the loom In order to weave smooth fabric at various intervals, i.e. fabric without pile loops, the loom is changed over, either manually or by some suitable control device, in such a way that the reed makes only full beat-ups. At the same time, the pile warp thread supply apparatus is put out of operation.
  • This change-over can be effected by any suitable known coupling element, such as a notshown disengagable coupling in the drive shaft 28 or 28, or through an axial shift or the cam-disks 29, 29, on the shaft 28 or 28, or can be effected in some other way.
  • the clamping beam shall remain locked in the release position, so that the supply apparatus remains switched out during smooth weaving and the weaving process is not influenced.
  • the clamping beam 41 need not have a separate drive mechanism, but can be controlled or operated by the drive of the deflecting beam 23'. As shown, it is possible to replace the cam-drive 27 to 33 of FIG. 1, for example, by a positively-operating double-cam 29b, 29b, and double-roller drive 30', 30 of a type known of itself.
  • the curves 72c and 72d of FIG. 2 serve to explain the swinging movement 25 of the deflecting beam 23 of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 compels the rollers 30, 30", which roll over the cam-disks 29b, 29b, to impart a swinging movement to the deflecting beam 23, over the linkage 32, 34, 35, 26', the instanta- 60 neous motion of which is in accordance with curve 72d.
  • stops abutments 51, 51 are disposed on the rear edge of the deflecting beam 23' and on the pivoting lever 44 of the clamping beam 41'.
  • the lever 26', and the deflecting beam 23 are swung back again counterclockwise immediately upon completion of the full beat v, in order to obtain the curve 720 and, for the curve 721], after completion. of the second partial-beat-up 1,.
  • the lever 44' follows this movement until the clamping beam 41 with the entire force of the tension'spring 45, against the bar 22, and the stops 51, 51', become separated again.
  • the set 2 of pile warp threads is thus, as in FIG. 1, held fast on the shed side of the intermediate storage means storer. During the formation of the reserve-supply loop, the threads can therefore become pulled along only from the warp-beam side.
  • FIG. 4 further shows an example of obtaining an adjustable mounting of the pile warp threads supply apparatus in the loom.
  • both the fixed bars 21, 22 and the movable deflecting beams 23, 23' and/or clamping beams 41, 41 are mounted at both ends in bearing plates 55, which are in their turn fastened to one of the side uprights 56 of the loom by a clamping screw 58 passing through a slotted hole 57 in the plate 55.
  • the spacing between the fixed bar 22 and the shed apex 67 can be changed within certain limits.
  • the height of the supply apparatus can also be adjusted, through adjusting screws 59, 59, for the purpose of ensuring entry of the set 2 of pile warp threads into the weaving plane under optimum conditions, without having to make the drive shafts 28, 28, 28" adjustable.
  • the screws 59, 59' are secured in suitable lugs on the loom frame to allow vertical adjustment of the bearing plate 55.
  • FIG. 5 shows an intermediate storage means and clamping beam arrangement 21 to 45, which is identical with that of FIG. 4 with the exception of the camdisks 29c. 290, which trigger a deflecting-beam movement according to curve 720 and a clamping beam movement according to curve 711: (FIG. 2).
  • the pile warp release means as shown in FIG. 1, controlled by a pivoting roller 3 and a spring 7 which enables the spring tension to be kept particularly constant, the pile warp beam is only braked and is set rotating directly through the pull exerted on the pile warp threads, in accordance with the storage operation during the deviation of the deflecting beam 23.
  • the warp beam 1 has a gearwheel 17, which, via an intermediate wheel 17, is coupled to a gearwheel 17 fastened on a brake-disk 18.
  • the brake-band 14 is connected over a spring 13' with the free end of a pivoting lever IO mounted on the pivot-pin I1, and carries a measuring roller 16 at the opposite end which, under the action of the spring 13, rests upon the rolled-up pile warp.
  • the position of the lever 10 and of the measuring roller 16 shown by solid lines corresponds to their position with a full roll; and the dotted-line position 10'', I6"
  • the invention is not limited to the described examples of construction.
  • machine elements of kinds other than here illustrated but which perform the same function may be used, provided that the scope of protection defined in the claims is not affected.
  • the pile warp release means 3 to 15, or 10 to 18, may be replaced by some other tension-retaining construction.
  • the pile warp beam may also be installed in a low position.
  • the drive shafts 28, 28', 28 may, if desired, run at other speeds.
  • the fixed and movable deflecting and clamping beams may have some other profile.
  • the drive and controlling means may operate on some other principle, for example by electromagnetic means. Instead of the spring force of the springs 7, 13, 33, 45 the force of gravity or some other force may be used. The chronological progress of the deflecting movements may deviate in details from the curves shown in FIG. 2, without thereby affecting the process of the invention.
  • An apparatus for supplying pile warp threads in a loom for weaving terry cloth comprising a pile warp release means for delivering pile warp threads at a constant tension to a shed;
  • a clamping means between said storage means and the shed for selectively releasing the reserve of pile warp thread from said storage means during a full beat-up to supply a measured length of pile warp thread in a substantially untensioned state.
  • said storage means includes a pair of fixed parallel bars ex tending across the width of the delivered pile warp threads and a movable deflecting beam disposed in parallel to said bars to move between said bars from a preset position for the formation of reserve loops in the pile warp threads.
  • said clamping means includes a movably mounted clamping i beam disposed between one of a releasing position and Y a clamping position, said clamping beam being pressed against said bar downstream of said deflecting beam when in said clamping position.
  • said clamping means includes a cam drive for synchronizing the movement of said clamping beam with a reed of the loom, said cam drive including a dis-engagab'le coupling element whereby said clamping beam can be locked in said releasing position.
  • said storage means further includes a cam drive for synchronizing the movement of said deflecting beam with the reed of the loom, said cam drive including a disengagable cam disk element mounted on a common cam shaft with a cam disk of said cam drive of said clamping means.
  • said storage means includes a first drive element for moving said deflecting beam and a first abutment on said drive element
  • said clamping means includes a second drive element for moving said clamping beam and a second abutment on said second drive element for abutting said first abutment after movement of said deflecting beam towards said preset position to move said first abutment and said clamping beam to said releasing position.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 10 which further comprises a pair of bearing plates mounting said bars and beams therein, at least one upright in the loom and means for adjustably mounting said bearing plates on said upright vertically and horizontally relative to the apex of the shed.
  • said pile warp release means includes an adjustable release brake, said brake being adjustable as a function of the diameter of wound-on pile warp on a pile warp beam to impart a constant tension to the paid-out pile warp threads. said brake being operable to permit unwinding of the pile warp threads in response to a preset tension in the pile warp threads between said storage means and said pile warp beam while said clamping means is closed to permit formation of the thread reserve.
  • a method of supplying pile warp threads in a loom for weaving terry cloth wherein the cloth is formed upon beating-up successive weft threads in a shed in a sequence of partial beat-up and full beat-ups comprising the steps of building up a measured reserve of pile warp threads upstream of the shed between successive full beatups; clamping the pile warp threads in place at a point be tween said measured reserve and the shed during building up of the measured reserve; and
  • a method as set forth in claim 13 which further comprises the step of withdrawing the pile warp threads during said partial beat-ups while retaining the pile warp threads under tension and while maintaining said reserve.

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US457267A 1973-04-06 1974-04-02 Apparatus and method for supplying pile warp threads in a loom for weaving terry cloth Expired - Lifetime US3900051A (en)

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CH491473A CH564621A5 (da) 1973-04-06 1973-04-06

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293006A (en) * 1978-04-20 1981-10-06 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh. Pile warp thread unwinding device for a terry cloth loom
US4827985A (en) * 1986-12-04 1989-05-09 Tsudakoma Corp. Method of controlling pile warp tension in synchronism with loom movement
US5099890A (en) * 1990-02-23 1992-03-31 Lindauer Dornier Gmbh Warp tensioning apparatus for producing a seersucker fabric
US20060021667A1 (en) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-02 Tsudakoma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Driving system for terry motion members in cloth-shifting-type pile loom
US20080314472A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2008-12-25 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh Loom With Detachable Connection Between a Drive Means and the Warp Beam of a Loom
US20100101679A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
US9534323B1 (en) * 2016-01-09 2017-01-03 Trident Limited Terry fabric weave and resulting terry fabric

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US294965A (en) * 1884-03-11 Frank chaecot
US1539178A (en) * 1922-06-17 1925-05-26 Giardino Joachim Loom
US1665274A (en) * 1923-08-09 1928-04-10 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Attachement for looms
US3360012A (en) * 1966-01-26 1967-12-26 Joseph P Erkes Mechanism for regulating pile warp tension in looms

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US294965A (en) * 1884-03-11 Frank chaecot
US1539178A (en) * 1922-06-17 1925-05-26 Giardino Joachim Loom
US1665274A (en) * 1923-08-09 1928-04-10 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Attachement for looms
US3360012A (en) * 1966-01-26 1967-12-26 Joseph P Erkes Mechanism for regulating pile warp tension in looms

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293006A (en) * 1978-04-20 1981-10-06 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh. Pile warp thread unwinding device for a terry cloth loom
US4827985A (en) * 1986-12-04 1989-05-09 Tsudakoma Corp. Method of controlling pile warp tension in synchronism with loom movement
US5099890A (en) * 1990-02-23 1992-03-31 Lindauer Dornier Gmbh Warp tensioning apparatus for producing a seersucker fabric
US20060021667A1 (en) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-02 Tsudakoma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Driving system for terry motion members in cloth-shifting-type pile loom
US20080314472A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2008-12-25 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mbh Loom With Detachable Connection Between a Drive Means and the Warp Beam of a Loom
US20100101679A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
US7798179B2 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-09-21 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
US9534323B1 (en) * 2016-01-09 2017-01-03 Trident Limited Terry fabric weave and resulting terry fabric

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AT324982B (de) 1975-09-25
DE2318326B2 (de) 1976-08-05
DE2318326A1 (de) 1974-10-24
CH564621A5 (da) 1975-07-31

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