US3899330A - Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers - Google Patents
Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3899330A US3899330A US320644*[A US32064473A US3899330A US 3899330 A US3899330 A US 3899330A US 32064473 A US32064473 A US 32064473A US 3899330 A US3899330 A US 3899330A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- color
- screen
- dye
- subtractive
- emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- AQGWPXKACQPGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-aminophenyl)iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AQGWPXKACQPGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 84
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100495256 Caenorhabditis elegans mat-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004989 p-phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- LEQAQBFYCMENLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-n-phenylacetamide Chemical compound COCC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 LEQAQBFYCMENLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZYKBEIDPRRYKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(diethylamino)-2-methylphenyl]imino-1-oxo-n-phenylnaphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(C(=O)NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZYKBEIDPRRYKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004783 Serene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001046 green dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N serine Chemical compound OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
- G03C8/30—Additive processes using colour screens; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A dual-nature screen process wherein a panchromatic emulsion is exposed through the screen, then brought into intimate contact with a receiving element with a fast acting color developer of pH 10.0 to 11.0 interposed.
- the receiving element may be of a nature wherein it is peeled off of the joined configuration for viewing or it may be of the type wherein the finished image may be viewed in the joined configuration.
- AAAAAAA l V I E W I N G PATENTEDAUGIZIQYE 3,899,330 sum 9 (E IMAGING Fla/5A H AAAAAAA i VIEWING COLOR SCREENS FOR DIFFUSION TRANSFER PROCESSES CONTAINING COLOR FORMERS This invention relates to the making of positive color reproductions of faithful to the hue, saturation and density variations fo the original image using a novel stutractive lateral stacking mode.
- Additive lateral stacking modes are well known to the prior art (see for example US. Pat. Nos. 41 1,186; 471,187; 822,532; 877,351; 1,429,430; etc.) under the generic name of Screen Plates and represented the main stream of inventive effort for three color photography before their sudden eclipse following the introduction of practical tripacks to the marketplace.
- a so called Screen was interposed permanently between, on the one hand, a panchromatic emulsion and the serene to be imaged; and, on the other hand in the post-reversal-development stage, between the resulting silver image and the observer.
- the screen thus served a dual purpose; that of color analysis in the imaging stage and color provider in the viewing stage.
- the screen was composed of a multitude of red, green, and blue micorfilters of such size and distribution laterally in a two dimensional array as to give a total impression of white light to the eye at a given viewing distance and projection magnification below the resolving power of the retina; yet maintaining the ability of the adjacent panchromatic emulsion to resolve such minute areas below the threshold of retinal resolution into their differential components of red, green, and blue, only, by registering as latent image red light only in those emulsion grains covered by red microfilters; blue light only in those emulsion grains covered by blue mircrofilters; and green light only in those emulsion grains covered by the green microfilters.
- tripacks The defects inherent in such additive lateral stacking modes are manifold and let to their quick replacement by subtractive depthwise stacking modes known by the generic name as tripacks.
- screen systems prove practical for projection purposes only; they discard two'thirds of the light in the projection beam and project dimly; further reproduction of the picture proves practically impossible since the new screen would require a point-to-point coincidence with the old screen to avoid moire patterns; since the screen remains for viewing one must accept the superimposition of the screen pattern on the picture, etc.
- the tripack utilized reactions of the latent image bearing silver halide to form cyan, magneta, and yellow dye images in different red sensitized, green sensitized, and blue sensitive layers respectively (see for example US. Pat. Nos. 1,954,452; 2,010,459; English Pat. No. 481,501; etc.).
- the imaging, color providing multilayers were stacked, or coated vertically to the direction of imaging or viewing forming a depthwise arrangement of the color elements as opposed to the previous side-by-side or lateral arrangement of color elements in the additive scheme.
- the color forming reaction of latent images took place with immediately after imaging as in negative-positive systems, or after a second exposure or fogging following black and white development of the image registered latent image as in reversal development.
- a subtractive lateral stacking mode in which the color elements yield color or color forming streams which progress in a side-by-side or lateral manner out of a two dimensional planar negative towards a receiving sheet or layer would obviate a reaction between any color or color forming stream and a photosensitive element not proper to its modulation and would not exhibit the defect or hazard known as cross talk or dye drop-off common to diffusion transfer systems based on subtractive depthwise stacking modes.
- Such lateral modes are thus the natural choice for proper use in color diffusion transfer photography.
- a two dimensional array is coated, printed, or formed in diverse ways in random or structured patterns as a mixture of a multitude of three classes of micro areas normal to the direction of exposure.
- the first class consists of silver halide grains sensitive to blue light only and accompanied by a yellow color precursor;
- the second class consists of silver halid grains sensitive to green light, accompanied by a magneta color precursor and a yellow filter dye;
- the third class consists of silver halide grains sensitive to red light, accompanied by a cyan color precursor and a yellow filter dye.
- the exposing actinic radiation is thus analyzed and registered in the three different areas of the photo sensitive screen containing color forming agents proper to its reproduction.
- the color precursor reacts with oxidized color developer to form an insoluble dye which remains in the screen; left over color former transfers to a receiving sheet to form a pre-color positive image which upon treatment yields a full color reproduction.
- Size, proportion, and location of the differential areas may be chosen such that the result duplicates the reproduction available from subtractive depthwise stacking modes. Area overlap upon diffusion removes the pattern of the original screen.
- three color microfilter array coexists with an array of three color formers such that micro areas containing blue filter contain also yellow color former; that micro areas containing red filter contain also cyan color former; and that micro areas containing green filter containing also magneta color former, then a simple and novel lateral mode may be realized for use with diffusion transfer color photography.
- the two dimensional microfilter array known as a screen serves a dual purpose; that of color analysis of the actinic light from the scene passing through it to provide laterally distributed single color bits of latent image in the panchromatic emulsion which are reversally developed into silver density image bits for projection; and that of color provider to reproduce the original scene in full color when this black and white density information is projected back through the still intact imaging screen.
- our screen In its first nature our screen is a two dimensional array of red, blue, and green microfilters and serves only in the imaging role for color analysis of actinic light from the scene passing through it to provide laterally distributed single color bits of latent image in the panchromatic emulsion below. Thus it behaves like a classical additive screen, although unlike that screen it plays not further role and is absent from the final reproduction.
- color former(s) serving the role of color provider and co-existing with the microfilter screen is an array of colorless subtractive color forming diffusible color formers (hereafter referred to as color former(s)); that is to say, microareas containing yellow color former; microareas containing cyan color former; microacreas containing magneta color former.
- a universal prime condition concerning coincidence of the co-existing arrays is an essential feature of our invention in any embodiment.
- a secondary universal condition is that any filter dyes employed be non-diffusing in the developing environment since they must play no role in the color forming step.
- the color analysis step The panchromatic emulsion is imaged through the red, blue, and green microfilter array.
- the color providing step The screen and panchromatic emulsion are imbibed with a fast acting color developer at a pH from 10.0 to 1 1.0 and simultaneously placed in contact with a receiving layer or sheet such that diffusing color former must pass from the two dimensional array of color former in the screen through the emulsion towards the receiving sheet or layer.
- color formers employed in our invention in contrast with those of our co-pending application Ser. No. 153,186 filed June 15, 1971, DN-306, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,728,116, issued April 17, 1973, (a difference to be detailed below), are soluble and diffusible in an aqueous gelatine matrix in this pH range, thought not at coating pH values.
- the action of the developer on the latent image bits provides oxidized color developer in those light struck micro areas of the emulsion.
- the cyan color former from the multitude of red microfilter areas will pass through emulsion microareas subtending the red screen areas immediately to their front, said emulsion microareas containging oxidized color develpper in proportion to the amount of red light having impinged upon them.
- Color former will react with such oxidized developer to form insoluble azomethine or indoaniline dye, not to provide color as in conventional color processes, but to remove or modulate cyan color former from further diffusion in proportion to the intensity of light in the red actinic radiation at that point or microarea causing the latent image bit.
- the net effect is to turn the diffusing two dimensional array of diffusing color former into a diffusing modulated two dimensional array of color former containing information on the point to point red density variations reproducing the red values of the original scene.
- This diffusing array continues to the receiving layer or sheet where it is mordanted against further diffusing.
- An identical development/diffusion mechanism between magneta color former and green latent image bits transfer a modulated magneta color former array to the receiving sheet or layer; and by yet another simultaneously acting, identical development/diffusion mechanism between yellow color former and blue latent image bits, a modulated yellow color former array is transferred to the receiving sheet or layer.
- the composite color former image is then brought to full color by inclusion of oxidizing agent within the receiving element to act with excess color developer, or by post transfer treatment of said element with oxidizing agent and a p-phenylene diamine derivative or by any other method proper to the formation of azomethine or indoaniline dyes from the color former precursors.
- the color formers of our co-pending application Ser. No. 153,186 were soluble in high boiling solvents, nondiffusing in the aqueous gelatin matrix at pH values encountered in coating and actuated for solution in and diffusion through the aqueous gelatin matrix by pH values greater than 12.5. Such color formers as defined in our co-pending application Ser. No. 153,186, would not function in the development/diffusion mechanism described above for our present invention.
- Such systems are best developed by a fast acting developer in accordance with the present invention, affording a reasonable capacity for short-stopping, such as one operating in the pH range from 10.0 to 1 1.0.
- GAF Color Paper is a subtractive depthwise stacked color photosensitive package sold by the GAP Corporation, while the planned use of this fast acting developer is with one single panchromatic emulsion, not at all with the at least three sensitive emulsion layers present in GAF Color Paper; indicating even faster development action in its intended use.
- couplers with the preceeding attributes include the three below available from the Eastman Kodak Company under the designation C-lO, M-38, and Y-54 respectively.
- a cyan color former N (a-acetamid'o phenethyl) l hydroxy 2 napthamide II.
- a magenta color former l (2,4,6 trichlorophenyl) 3 p nitroanilino 2 pyrazolin-S one III.
- a yellow color former c benzoyl 0 methoxy acetanilide
- FIGS. 1A through D schematically represent the mixing of the screen coating solution
- FIGS. 2A through D show the coating, imaging, and processing configurations of a dual screen photosensitive system
- FIGS. 3A through C show an over head view of an area of the dual screen pointing out its dual nature and the primary condition coupling the two natures;
- FIGS. 4A through E show a simplified three dimensional view of the color analysis and color provider actions of an oil droplet dual screen showing the action of only two droplets for clarity;
- FIG. 5 shows the simplest screen package
- FIG. 6 shows a laboratory device for processing the package shown in FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a bulk processing procedure for large amounts of screen film as would be the case, for example, in its embodiment as a quick access movie film;
- FIGS. 8 through 12 show peel apart embodiments of our invention and their imaging and viewing configuration
- FIGS. 13 through 15 show various debris free embodiments of our invention and their imaging and viewing configuration.
- the secondary condition concerning the nondiffusion of the filter dyes is met by employing single or mixed primary color dyes, or mixed subtractive dyes whose combined absorption approximates a primary color, which are soluble in high boiling organic solvents (here after referred to as oil), and neither soluble nor diffusible in an aqueous gelatin matrix at any pH value. It is preferable, though not necessary, to use mixed primary dyes as opposed to single primary dyes so as to enhance the oil solubility of each.
- Red Filter Dye A 1:1 mixture of Sudan Red GGA and Sudan Red BBA.
- Green Filter Dye A 1:1 mixture of the below subtractive dyes:
- CYAN term In general the procedure for forming an oil droplet screen is begun by making three separate oil in water dispersions as follows. A primary filter dye is dissolved along with a color former of the color producing ability complementary to that primary color in oil. That oil mixture is then dispersed in an aqueous gelatin medium as schematically shown in FIG. 1 in the form of oil droplets of 5 to 20 microns diameter. FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C show the green, red-and blue screen dispersions respectively.
- Oil Phase Dissolve 1.0 gram of green filter dye VII 1.0 gram of magneta color former ll 2.0 c.c. dibutylphthalate 2.0 c.c. Santicizer 160* with heating.
- Aqueous Phase 45 c.c. of 8% gel solution with 6.0 c.c of Alkanol B**.
- FIG. 1D the dispersions represented by FIGS. 1A, 1B and ID are melted and mixed in desired proportions.
- These proportions vary with intended usage. They may be a simple l to l to 1 equal ratio each color, or one or the other color may be in greater proportion in the mixture in order to, for example, balance the spectral response of the panchromatic emulsion with the quality of the actinic radiation to produce a net neutral gray scale, a procedure known to the art as color balancing; a procedure normally achieved by emulsion and sensitizing dye choice in the art; but which may in our invention, be at least partially achieved for a panchromatic emulsion by the mixing ratio of color screen components in making up the screen coating solution.
- the screen may now be coated as shown in FIG. 2A where 1 represents transparent subbed film base and 2 represents the still wet screen layer.
- FIG. 2B Upon drying the round oil droplets undergo a lateral stress and respond by flattening out horizontally to form flat spheroids,.expanding to fill the space between them laterally as shown in layer 2, FIG. 2B to form the tightly packed mosaic shown in FIG. 3A, which represents a screen segment as viewed from above (the dried gelatin binder in between is exaggerated for reasons of clarity).
- the careful reader can ascertain that the mosaic in FIG. 3A is of a dual nature as represented by FIGS. 38 and 3C and that the microareas containing a given filter dye will be exactly those containing the color former of a color producing ability complementary to the color of the filter dye.
- the prime condition of screen formation is fulfilled automatically.
- the screen is usually coated to a wet thickness of from 50 to microns; but especially to that thickness which upon drying will form the tight packed mosaic of FIG. 3A without the formation of over lap; that is to say a condition where a significant number of droplets form a second stratum whereby two droplets of differing color values subtend the same microarea, another way in whichthe prime condition is violated.
- panchromatic emulsion layer (layer 3, FIG. 2C) is coated over the screen.
- panchromatic emulsion is coated to a coating weight of from 1 to 3 grams per square meter of silver but especially to that coating weight which provides for the stopping or reaction with all color former passing through regions of maximum exposure and coming from the mosaic screen in layer 2.
- the base and two coated layers shown in FIG. 3C represent the minimum negative element necessary and sufficient for the operation of ourinvention. Imaging takes place through the base as shown in FIG. 3C.
- The' development/diffusion mechanism described heretofor is actuated by interposing (in position 4 of layer ZDl-s in this instance, a developer solution of the type given by IV, with the addition of a viscosity providing substance if desired, between layer 3 and a receiving element among those to be catalogued later.
- the lateral strain producing the flattened out droplets is relieved and they recoil subtending a microarea of the screen from which color formers emerge which are smaller, but within the limits of, the microarea recording the primary color information on the latent image.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show three dimensional views of the process described A leaving out all other details of the screen for clarity except for two representational oil droplets).
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show three dimensional views of the process described A leaving out all other details of the screen for clarity except for two representational oil droplets).
- the principles taught in the preceeding portions of our specification can be graphically seen in these views.
- FIG. where the simplest receiving element B, (where 7 is an opaque white reflecting base such as Printon, available from the GAF Corporation) and the simplest negative element A are shown.
- the element A exposed as in FIG. 2C, may be processed in a simple laboratory machine shown in FIG. 6 wherein each element winds up in a face to face juxtaposition with developer in between as in FIG. 2D. After 1-3. minutes B is peeled off and treated in an oxidizing agent such that the residual developer and transferred color formers react to form a full color reproduction of the original scene.
- FIG. 5 is deceptively simple and has implications beyond its use as a laboratory screening method.
- FIGS. 8 through 12 picture several alternative ways of obtaining lateral reversal of the image for proper viewing and the individual layer arrangements for carrying each out.
- A represents the negative element
- B represents the matching element to be married to A during development
- C represents the final viewing element.
- Layer 1 is a transparent film base, such as polyester cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and the like, with a thickness of 2.59.0 mils.
- Layer 2 is the three color dual screen coated from the principles heretofore disclosed.
- Layer 3 is the panchromatic emulsion coated from the principles heretofore disclosed.
- Layer 4 is the pod containing a fast acting color developer operating in the pH to l 1 region such as disclosed in formulation IV plus a thickening agent such as methyl cellulose to aid in forming a uniform film of developer between A and B.
- Layer 5 is the image receiving layer which may for example be composed of acid treated gelatin of 5-10 microns thickness.
- Layer 6 is the encapsulated oxidizer and neutralizer layer, of conventional materials, 2-4 microns thick. j;
- Layer 7 is a transparent base or overlay which becomes the protective layer or covering on the positive print after separation.
- Layer 8 is a reflective cardboard or reflective pa, base stock.
- it is a cardboard mount added to the B element after processing in such a manner that the image to be viewed has the same lateral symmetry as the original object.
- it represents the flexible double weight paper base on which element B is originally coated.
- Layer 9- is an alkali stripping layer 2-4 microns in thickness.
- Layer l0 is a contact stripping sheet and may be any flexible composition or film base which has one side treated so as to cause permanent adhesion between it and the screen layer 2 when developer is spread between said layers. This allows, after the required diffusion time to strip off in coaction with Layer 9, Layers 2 and 3 in FIG. 9, to reveal the color image in Layer 5 which is then married to cardboard 8 to form the viewing element C.
- Layer 1 1 is a white opaque pigment layer containing T O or the like.
- the A element in FIG. 8 is imaged as indicated; then developer from the pod 4 is interposed between imaged A and receiving element B which is brought into intimate contact. After 13 minutes, B is peeled off and married to cardboard 8 in the indicated manner, the image being viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the A element in FIG. 9 is imaged as indicated; then developer from the pod 4 is interposed between imaged A and stripping element B which is brought into intimate contact. After 1-3 minutes, the image is prepared for viewing as previously disclosed in the actions of Layer 10.
- the A element in FIG. 10 is imaged as indicated; then developer from the pod 4 is interposed between imaged A and receiving element B which is broughtinto intimate contact. After 1-3 minutes B is peeled off for immediate viewing in the direction of the arrow.
- FIG. 11 represents a permutation of FIG. 8 where in the position of Layers 2 and 3 are reversed involving a change in viewing and imaging directions.
- the processing steps are identical.
- the final image is immediate upon peeling and is viewed through the transparent film base 7 against the reflective layer 11.
- the element B may optionally be reinforced with a cardboard back-
- FIG. 12 is a similar permutation of FIG. 9, both permutations being instructive to the careful reader of the necessity of maintaining the proper lateral symmetry requirements of the original object, thus avoiding a mirror image reproduction.
- FIGS. 13A, 13B, 14A, 14B, 15A and 158 wherein the A figures show the configurations of the film package before imaging and the B figures show the pod coated additional layers after processing.
- Layer l2 is a transparent film base identical in nature and composition to 1.
- Layer l3 is a carbon black layer whose function during imaging is as an antihalation layer and during viewing is as a back stop for the reflective TiO layer blotting out the negative image beneath.
- Layer l4 forms a reflective TiO layer in the B figures and is present as a liquid composition of developer plus TiO in the pod depicted in the A figures.
- Layer l5 forms a carbon black' light seal layer in the B figures and is present as a liquid composition of developer plus carbon black in the pod depicted in the A figures.
- Layer l6 is a carbon black light seal layer in the B figures and is present as a liquid carbon black suspension in the pod depicted in the A figures.
- Layer 17 is a flexible double weight paper base.
- Layer 18 is a gelatin layer whose function is to take up the water in the formation of 16.
- FIGS. 8 through 12 These embodiments are identical in principle of operation and processing to the embodiments in FIGS. 8 through 12 except in that they are designed specifically to remain as integral packages after processing.
- FIGS. 14 the embodiments in FIGS. 14 and are designed to form light seals upon processing in such a manner that they may be processed outside the camera.
- a pod composition in addition to its function of actuating the development/diffusion mechanism may simultaneously coat another layer onto the configuration; in this case a TiO reflection layer.
- the TiO layer is present (11), and the pod action provides a new carbon black light seal layer.
- FIG. 15 the option is pictured where in both a carbon black light seal layer and a T102 reflective layer are camera coated simultaneously with the actuation of the development/diffusion mechanism disclosed heretofore.
- a screen coating solution is formulated from equal amounts of green dispersion VIII, red dispersion IX,
- the receiving element shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by coating a layer of acid treated gelatin 10 microns thick on Printon base which is a TiO impregnated reflective film base available from the GAP Corporation.
- a target consisting of red, blue, green, cyan, magenta, and yellow patches is imaged onto the panchromatic emulsion through the screen.
- the negative element is then married to the receiving element with developer IV interposed as shown in FIG. 6. After l3 minutes the receiving element is 'peeled off and immersed, still wet with developer, in a 2% aqueous solution of potassium persulfate. Inspection of the receiving sheet shows a full color reproduction of the target patches.
- EXAMPLE 5 A method of forming a multicolor reproduction of an original image or object using the dual nature screen carried by a panchromatic emulsion, according to claim 3, comprising:
- indoaniline or azomethine dyes in the receiving layer from the color former transferred'to the receiving layer by coupling said color former with residual color developer or a p-phenylene derivative in the presence of an oxidizing agent.
- a photographic element comprising, in order: d. a white opaque receiving layer over said emulsion; 2L a transparent film base; the image formed after exposure and development thfl Screen of Claim 1 n Said b21861; being viewed through said transparent film base against said white opaque reflective layer.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Color Electrophotography (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US320644*[A US3899330A (en) | 1973-03-02 | 1973-03-02 | Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers |
CA192,306A CA1009886A (en) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-02-12 | Dual-nature screen process |
GB803674A GB1454030A (en) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-02-21 | Dual-nature screen process |
JP49023746A JPS502538A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-02-28 | |
FR7407023A FR2220070A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-03-01 | |
IT48901/74A IT1003643B (it) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-03-01 | Schermo a doppia natura e metodo relativo |
BE141542A BE811758A (fr) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-03-01 | Procede de photographie en couleurs utilisant un ecran de nature double |
DE2410027A DE2410027A1 (de) | 1973-03-02 | 1974-03-02 | Raster und diesen enthaltendes fotografisches element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US320644*[A US3899330A (en) | 1973-03-02 | 1973-03-02 | Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3899330A true US3899330A (en) | 1975-08-12 |
Family
ID=23247315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US320644*[A Expired - Lifetime US3899330A (en) | 1973-03-02 | 1973-03-02 | Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3899330A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
JP (1) | JPS502538A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
BE (1) | BE811758A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CA (1) | CA1009886A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (1) | DE2410027A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
FR (1) | FR2220070A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
GB (1) | GB1454030A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
IT (1) | IT1003643B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0014572A3 (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1981-05-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Imaging elements containing microvessels and processes for forming images therewith |
US4385901A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1983-05-31 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Readily dispersible dye preparations |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51111334A (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1976-10-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Color picture forming method |
JPS59162543A (ja) * | 1983-03-04 | 1984-09-13 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | カラ−画像形成方法 |
JPS59162544A (ja) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | カラ−画像形成方法 |
JPS59164552A (ja) * | 1983-03-08 | 1984-09-17 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | カラ−画像形成方法 |
JPS59166953A (ja) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-20 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | カラ−画像形成方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2968554A (en) * | 1954-08-09 | 1961-01-17 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic transfer processes for forming multicolor dye images and photographic products for carrying out the same |
US3301772A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1967-01-31 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Electrolytic color development |
US3359104A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1967-12-19 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Color diffusion transfer process and negative material thereof |
US3709693A (en) * | 1971-04-26 | 1973-01-09 | Polaroid Corp | Novel photographic products and processes utilizing multicolor additive screens whose filter units are formed of development-diffusible dyes |
US3728116A (en) * | 1971-06-15 | 1973-04-17 | Gaf Corp | Instant access one-layer color photography |
-
1973
- 1973-03-02 US US320644*[A patent/US3899330A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-02-12 CA CA192,306A patent/CA1009886A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-02-21 GB GB803674A patent/GB1454030A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-02-28 JP JP49023746A patent/JPS502538A/ja active Pending
- 1974-03-01 IT IT48901/74A patent/IT1003643B/it active
- 1974-03-01 BE BE141542A patent/BE811758A/xx unknown
- 1974-03-01 FR FR7407023A patent/FR2220070A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-03-02 DE DE2410027A patent/DE2410027A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2968554A (en) * | 1954-08-09 | 1961-01-17 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic transfer processes for forming multicolor dye images and photographic products for carrying out the same |
US3301772A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1967-01-31 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Electrolytic color development |
US3359104A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1967-12-19 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Color diffusion transfer process and negative material thereof |
US3709693A (en) * | 1971-04-26 | 1973-01-09 | Polaroid Corp | Novel photographic products and processes utilizing multicolor additive screens whose filter units are formed of development-diffusible dyes |
US3728116A (en) * | 1971-06-15 | 1973-04-17 | Gaf Corp | Instant access one-layer color photography |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0014572A3 (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1981-05-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Imaging elements containing microvessels and processes for forming images therewith |
US4385901A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1983-05-31 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Readily dispersible dye preparations |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS502538A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-01-11 |
BE811758A (fr) | 1974-09-02 |
CA1009886A (en) | 1977-05-10 |
FR2220070A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-09-27 |
GB1454030A (en) | 1976-10-27 |
IT1003643B (it) | 1976-06-10 |
DE2410027A1 (de) | 1974-09-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3345163A (en) | Photographic diffusion transfer color processes | |
US2983606A (en) | Processes and products for forming photographic images in color | |
US2968554A (en) | Photographic transfer processes for forming multicolor dye images and photographic products for carrying out the same | |
US2647049A (en) | Photographic element for color photography and a process of producing multicolor pictures | |
GB982383A (en) | Improved photosensitive films | |
US3793022A (en) | Diffusion transfer films with anti-reflection layers and processes | |
US3019124A (en) | Multicolor photosensitive film and process of making the same | |
EP0099138B1 (en) | Method for improving the colour balance of photographic multicolour images | |
US3728116A (en) | Instant access one-layer color photography | |
US3899330A (en) | Color screens for diffusion transfer processes containing color formers | |
US3087817A (en) | Process and product for forming color images from complete dyes | |
US3377166A (en) | Photographic image transfer process utilizing imidazole | |
US2689180A (en) | Process of obtaining three-color separation records from a bipack color film | |
US4329411A (en) | Multicolor diffusion transfer products | |
US1954452A (en) | Method of making color photographs | |
US4407929A (en) | Color photographic recording material for the production of colored images by the dye diffusion transfer process | |
US3990895A (en) | Silver halide, color screen elements and their use in forming negative color images and diffusion transfer positive silver images | |
US3165406A (en) | Multicolor photographic process and product | |
US1055155A (en) | Process of making photographs in natural colors. | |
US2320418A (en) | Color photographs | |
US4370396A (en) | Process for producing color filter plates | |
JPS59135460A (ja) | 写真製品 | |
US3251689A (en) | Masking film | |
US3617272A (en) | Multicolor dye developer systems | |
US4429033A (en) | Process for the production of color prints by the dye-diffusion transfer process |