US3897789A - Acupuncture apparatus - Google Patents
Acupuncture apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3897789A US3897789A US396699A US39669973A US3897789A US 3897789 A US3897789 A US 3897789A US 396699 A US396699 A US 396699A US 39669973 A US39669973 A US 39669973A US 3897789 A US3897789 A US 3897789A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- needle
- current
- impedance
- acupuncture
- pulses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H39/00—Devices for locating or stimulating specific reflex points of the body for physical therapy, e.g. acupuncture
- A61H39/002—Using electric currents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/50—Control means thereof
- A61H2201/5005—Control means thereof for controlling frequency distribution, modulation or interference of a driving signal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/0502—Skin piercing electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S128/00—Surgery
- Y10S128/907—Acupuncture
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Pulses of current are supplied to an acupuncture needle by a pulse generator whose pulse'width, frequency and amplitude are adjustably controlled, the pulse source having such high impedance as to cause essentially the desired or adjusted current to flow irrespective of the electrical impedance of the body between the acupuncture needle and another electrode applied to the body, i.e., an adjustable nominally infinteimpedance pulse source.
- a common pulse generator of adjustable frequency, pulse-width and intensity is used for providing drive for separate output circuits to energize plural acupuncture needles, respectively.
- the present invention relates to apparatus for use in acupuncture therapy and anaesthesiology.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Acupuncture represents a time-honored technique for treating various ailments, both for curing certain ailments and for easing or erasing pain. More recently acupuncture has been found highly effective in anaesthesiology. In the practice of acupuncture, the acupuncturist inserts one or more fine needles into the patient at locations found by experience to be effective for treating each condition. These locations are called acupuncture points. The needle is fine, perhaps 0.005 inch or less in thickness, having a round, triangular or other cross-section, and ranging in length from about one-half inch to 6 inches. During and after insertion, the acupuncturist vibrates the needle according to the empirically established technique.
- acupuncture apparatus includes what may be called constant-current or infinite-impedance means for electrically energizing the acupuncture needle(s).
- the body impedance may vary over a wide range, but the pulse source for the needle, or for each needle, has such a high impedance that the resulting current of each pulse is affected only secondarily by variations in electrical impedance of the patients body. Essentially, it is the adjustment of the apparatus that determines the current flow.
- a further feature is in controlling the duration of the pulses, square-wave pulses in the illustrative apparatus, in contrast to the simple spikes used heretofore.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of illustrative acupuncture apparatus incorporating features of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 1, modified to energize plural acupuncture needles.
- An acupuncture needle may be energized by applying electrical pulses between the needle and another electrode attached to the body, either an area contact or another needle. Since the human body acts as a volume conductor, current flows from one needle to 21 reference electrode (a needle or other electrode) via a rather broad front.
- the body impedance is quite complex, but may be approximated by a resistance R, in series with a capacitance C,, the two shunted by another resistance R,,.
- the series-equivalent resistance R, and the reactance of capacitance C are approximately equal and they vary inversely with the frequency.
- Resistance R accounts for the finite d-c resistance related to the electrolytic process that takes place at the electrodeelectrolyte interface. This is a non-linear resistance which is a function of the nature of the tissue in contact with the nee dle electrode. For example, perspiration greatly affects the resistance of skin.
- the stimulating current may be altered by an equivalent bioelectric voltage and an associated bioelectric equivalent impedance, which represents the body tissue itself between two electrodes.
- the current level and the corresponding degree of stimulation can be accurately controlled and will not be affected by or dependent on the particular level of body impedance among different patients or at various acupuncture points of a patient.
- a currentpulse source should have infinite impedance.
- a practical value ofimpedance of a current-pulse source herein is only required to be so high in relation to maximum body impedance that various body impedances that may be encountered will not notably affect the resulting current.
- body impedance may be anything in the range of l,000 to 100,000 ohms between an acupuncture needle and another electrode, which may be another needle or an area contact to the skin that is prepared for good conduction.
- a 1.0 megohm source impedance would produce prescribed levels of current stimulation within 10% regardless of body impedance.
- the 10% figure and the impedance variations of 1,000 to 100,000 ohms are extreme figures, so that a 1.0-megohm source impedance is perhaps higher than is absolutely required, but it represents the order of magnitude of the source impedance required.
- the collector of a base-driven transistor is used to provide this impedance.
- the collector impedance is greater than 1.0 megohm.
- an appropriate emitter resistor it may be at least 1.0 megohm at the maximumcurrent part of the operating characteristic and with an emitter resistor of about 1,000 ohms.
- a 100,000-ohm emitter resistor may be used. The resulting output impedance at lowand high-current settings is:
- FIG. 1 shows acu puncture apparatus including a constant-current source of pulses 10 for oppositely energizing a metal acupuncture needle 12 inserted into a patient's body and another electrode 14 shown as an area contact to the patients skin (using a conductive gel, if desired) but which may be another needle.
- Source 10 is nominally a constant-current source, in that its impedance is not infinite in practice but is merely a high order of impedance compared to the maximum body resistance between electrodes 12 and M.
- the pulses here are unipolar squarewaves and they are of adjustable frequency, duration (pulsewidth) and intensity.
- An adjustable-frequency pulse generator 16 e.g., an astable multi-vibrator with a manual frequency control 16a drives pulse generator 18 having a manually adjustable pulse-width control 18a, e.g. a one-shot multivibrator.
- the output is fed to an intensity adjuster 20, e.g., a potentiometer 200 having a manual control 20b.
- Intensity indicator 23 measures the pulse intensity. This is converted into current pulses by current-pulse generator 22.
- Direct-current supply 24 is connected between resistor 22b and electrode 14. This supply also energizes parts l6, l8 and 20 of pulse source 10.
- D-C supply 24 is ideally battery-operated so as to enable the apparatus to be free of connection to a power circuit which could expose the patient to shock hazard. Moreover, because usual economical sizes of batteries have inadequate voltage for the presently desired maximum pulse intensity, d-c supply 24 advantageously includes an interrupter or inverter, a step-up transformer and a rectifier and smoothing filter, this being a conventional d-c to d-c step-up converter.
- Potentiometer a is connected to the base of output transistor 22a and to the base of transistor 26 which forms part of intensity indicator 23, shown as a peak-reading detector.
- the pulses appearing across emitter-follower resistor 28 are rectified by diode 30 and stored in capacitor 32, and measured by a voltmeter circuit.
- the emitter of transistor 22a is selectively connected by selector switch 36 to one of three current-range selecting resistors 22b-l, 22b-2 or 22b-3 which may for example be 1,000 ohms, l0,000 ohms and l00,000 ohms, respectively. These values typically impart an internal impedance of from 1.] megohms to 7 megohms as shown above.
- Collector connection 220 is provided for one needle, to be connected to terminal I.
- a second transistor 220' also has a base-drive connection to potentiometer 20a, and a separate collector connection 22c to terminal 2 for a separate needle; and it has a corresponding cluster of emitter resistors 22b. Additional terminals 3 to N have respective current-pulse generators.
- Electrode 14 is to be connected to line 38 which is connected to the negative terminal of D-C supply 24, the rest of the circuit being energized by the positive terminal of the D-C supply.
- the circuit described is advantageously energized by a 60-volt D-C supply, being a relatively safe voltage even in case of component failure.
- the pulses may be 0.5 to milliseconds long, with a repetition rate that may be adjusted as desired, from zero to I00 pulses per second and another range from 100 to 2,000 pulses per second.
- the reading of indicator 34 provides a direct measurement of the output of potentiometer 22a. However, this is proportional to the resulting current levels of needles connected to terminals 1, 2, etc., where the corresponding emitter resistors 22b are selected in the related output circuits.
- Acupuncture apparatus including multiple metal electrodes at least one of which is a needle of about five thousandths of an inch thick and about one-half inch to 6 inches in length for insertion into a patients body at an acupuncture point and electrical energizing means for oppositely energizing said needle and another of said electrodes, said electrical energizing means including means for providing pulses to the needle in the frequency range between a value approaching zero and 2,000 pulses per second, and said energizing means having impedance means for regulating the current supplied to said needle having a minimum impedance of about 1 megohm at the pulse frequency, whereby the needle is supplied with essentially constant current which is affected only secondarily by varied bodyimpedances of patients.
- Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including plural needles and wherein separate impedance means is included in said energizing means for regulating the current pulses as aforesaid to each of said plural needles.
Abstract
Pulses of current are supplied to an acupuncture needle by a pulse generator whose pulse-width, frequency and amplitude are adjustably controlled, the pulse source having such high impedance as to cause essentially the desired or adjusted current to flow irrespective of the electrical impedance of the body between the acupuncture needle and another electrode applied to the body, i.e., an adjustable nominally infinte-impedance pulse source. A common pulse generator of adjustable frequency, pulsewidth and intensity is used for providing drive for separate output circuits to energize plural acupuncture needles, respectively.
Description
United States Patent [191 Blanchard ACUPUNCTURE APPARATUS [76] Inventor: Stanley J. Blanchard, 4 Washington Square, New York, N.Y, 10012 22 Filed: Sept. 13, 1973 21 Appl. No.: 396,699
OTHER PUBLICATIONS Capperauld et al., Acupunc. Anesthesia in China," The Lancet, Nov. 25, 1972, pp. 1136-1137. Brown, Use of Acupunc. in Major Surgery, The
[451 Aug. s, 1975 Lancet, June 17, 1972, pp. 1328-1330.
Matsumoto, Acupunc. and US. Medicine," JAMA, May 15, 1972,Vo1. 220, No.7, p. 1010.
Chisolm, Acupunc. Analgesia, The Lancet, Sept, 9, 1972, p. 540.
Primary Examiner-Richard A. Gaudet Assistant E.\'aminer-Lee S. Cohen Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Paul S. Martin [57] ABSTRACT Pulses of current are supplied to an acupuncture needle by a pulse generator whose pulse'width, frequency and amplitude are adjustably controlled, the pulse source having such high impedance as to cause essentially the desired or adjusted current to flow irrespective of the electrical impedance of the body between the acupuncture needle and another electrode applied to the body, i.e., an adjustable nominally infinteimpedance pulse source. A common pulse generator of adjustable frequency, pulse-width and intensity is used for providing drive for separate output circuits to energize plural acupuncture needles, respectively.
4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 6m 40.x y/prxr #01:: 6:41.
a ONE-JHdf Mk i Aways/r) 2.9) 0 4 7 mwswJ/ry I Ava/041v? I f X I mmswrimcse- 2- ZZZ I 224 2/ ZZ 225 4 ACUPUNCTURE APPARATUS The present invention relates to apparatus for use in acupuncture therapy and anaesthesiology.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Acupuncture represents a time-honored technique for treating various ailments, both for curing certain ailments and for easing or erasing pain. More recently acupuncture has been found highly effective in anaesthesiology. In the practice of acupuncture, the acupuncturist inserts one or more fine needles into the patient at locations found by experience to be effective for treating each condition. These locations are called acupuncture points. The needle is fine, perhaps 0.005 inch or less in thickness, having a round, triangular or other cross-section, and ranging in length from about one-half inch to 6 inches. During and after insertion, the acupuncturist vibrates the needle according to the empirically established technique.
Electrical impulses have also been used in acupuncture, as an alternative to manual vibration. Voltage spikes of various frequencies and amplitude have been used, but with limited success.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Pursuant to the present invention, acupuncture apparatus includes what may be called constant-current or infinite-impedance means for electrically energizing the acupuncture needle(s). The body impedance may vary over a wide range, but the pulse source for the needle, or for each needle, has such a high impedance that the resulting current of each pulse is affected only secondarily by variations in electrical impedance of the patients body. Essentially, it is the adjustment of the apparatus that determines the current flow. A further feature is in controlling the duration of the pulses, square-wave pulses in the illustrative apparatus, in contrast to the simple spikes used heretofore.
The nature of the invention including the foregoing and other features will be better appreciated from the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of illustrative acupuncture apparatus incorporating features of the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 1, modified to energize plural acupuncture needles.
GENERAL An acupuncture needle may be energized by applying electrical pulses between the needle and another electrode attached to the body, either an area contact or another needle. Since the human body acts as a volume conductor, current flows from one needle to 21 reference electrode (a needle or other electrode) via a rather broad front. The body impedance is quite complex, but may be approximated by a resistance R, in series with a capacitance C,, the two shunted by another resistance R,,. At the frequency range here involved, the series-equivalent resistance R, and the reactance of capacitance C, are approximately equal and they vary inversely with the frequency. Resistance R accounts for the finite d-c resistance related to the electrolytic process that takes place at the electrodeelectrolyte interface. This is a non-linear resistance which is a function of the nature of the tissue in contact with the nee dle electrode. For example, perspiration greatly affects the resistance of skin.
There is one of these electrode-body interface impedances R C R for each needle. In addition, the stimulating current may be altered by an equivalent bioelectric voltage and an associated bioelectric equivalent impedance, which represents the body tissue itself between two electrodes.
By making the source of pulses between the electrodes in the form of a source of current pulses, the current level and the corresponding degree of stimulation can be accurately controlled and will not be affected by or dependent on the particular level of body impedance among different patients or at various acupuncture points of a patient. As an absolute concept, a currentpulse source should have infinite impedance. A practical value ofimpedance of a current-pulse source herein is only required to be so high in relation to maximum body impedance that various body impedances that may be encountered will not notably affect the resulting current.
As extreme values, body impedance may be anything in the range of l,000 to 100,000 ohms between an acupuncture needle and another electrode, which may be another needle or an area contact to the skin that is prepared for good conduction. Thus, a 1.0 megohm source impedance would produce prescribed levels of current stimulation within 10% regardless of body impedance. The 10% figure and the impedance variations of 1,000 to 100,000 ohms are extreme figures, so that a 1.0-megohm source impedance is perhaps higher than is absolutely required, but it represents the order of magnitude of the source impedance required.
In the illustrative apparatus in the drawing, the collector of a base-driven transistor is used to provide this impedance. Typically, the collector impedance is greater than 1.0 megohm. With an appropriate emitter resistor it may be at least 1.0 megohm at the maximumcurrent part of the operating characteristic and with an emitter resistor of about 1,000 ohms. Where a low current level of stimulation is desired, a 100,000-ohm emitter resistor may be used. The resulting output impedance at lowand high-current settings is:
where 2 is the collector resistance, 1.0 to 20 meg; B is the current gain of the transistor, typically 50 to I00; and R, is the emitter resistor, being 1,000 ohms to 100,000 ohms in an illustrative example. Accordingly:
2,, 2 meg. 50 100,000 7 meg for a lowcurrent setting, and 2 l meg. I00 1,000 1.1 meg for a highcurrent setting. In all settings, the impedance remains greater than the 1.0 megohm level above.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring now to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows acu puncture apparatus including a constant-current source of pulses 10 for oppositely energizing a metal acupuncture needle 12 inserted into a patient's body and another electrode 14 shown as an area contact to the patients skin (using a conductive gel, if desired) but which may be another needle. Source 10 is nominally a constant-current source, in that its impedance is not infinite in practice but is merely a high order of impedance compared to the maximum body resistance between electrodes 12 and M. The pulses here are unipolar squarewaves and they are of adjustable frequency, duration (pulsewidth) and intensity.
An adjustable-frequency pulse generator 16, e.g., an astable multi-vibrator with a manual frequency control 16a drives pulse generator 18 having a manually adjustable pulse-width control 18a, e.g. a one-shot multivibrator. The output is fed to an intensity adjuster 20, e.g., a potentiometer 200 having a manual control 20b. Intensity indicator 23 measures the pulse intensity. This is converted into current pulses by current-pulse generator 22. This advantageously takes the form of a basedriven transistor 22a having an emitter resistor and a direct connection 226 from the collector to needle 12. Direct-current supply 24 is connected between resistor 22b and electrode 14. This supply also energizes parts l6, l8 and 20 of pulse source 10.
Portions of the pulse source of FIG. 1 are shown in greater detail in FIG. 2, adapted to energize plural acupuncture needles separately. Potentiometer a is connected to the base of output transistor 22a and to the base of transistor 26 which forms part of intensity indicator 23, shown as a peak-reading detector. The pulses appearing across emitter-follower resistor 28 are rectified by diode 30 and stored in capacitor 32, and measured by a voltmeter circuit.
The emitter of transistor 22a is selectively connected by selector switch 36 to one of three current-range selecting resistors 22b-l, 22b-2 or 22b-3 which may for example be 1,000 ohms, l0,000 ohms and l00,000 ohms, respectively. These values typically impart an internal impedance of from 1.] megohms to 7 megohms as shown above.
The circuit described is advantageously energized by a 60-volt D-C supply, being a relatively safe voltage even in case of component failure. The pulses may be 0.5 to milliseconds long, with a repetition rate that may be adjusted as desired, from zero to I00 pulses per second and another range from 100 to 2,000 pulses per second.
The reading of indicator 34 provides a direct measurement of the output of potentiometer 22a. However, this is proportional to the resulting current levels of needles connected to terminals 1, 2, etc., where the corresponding emitter resistors 22b are selected in the related output circuits.
The foregoing represents an exemplary embodiment for achieving the purposes of the invention. However, it is readily susceptible of variation in details and proportions within the skill of the art, and consequently the invention should be construed in accordance with its full spirit and scope.
What is claimed is:
1. Acupuncture apparatus including multiple metal electrodes at least one of which is a needle of about five thousandths of an inch thick and about one-half inch to 6 inches in length for insertion into a patients body at an acupuncture point and electrical energizing means for oppositely energizing said needle and another of said electrodes, said electrical energizing means including means for providing pulses to the needle in the frequency range between a value approaching zero and 2,000 pulses per second, and said energizing means having impedance means for regulating the current supplied to said needle having a minimum impedance of about 1 megohm at the pulse frequency, whereby the needle is supplied with essentially constant current which is affected only secondarily by varied bodyimpedances of patients.
2. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim I, wherein said pulses are unipolar.
3. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1, including plural needles and wherein separate impedance means is included in said energizing means for regulating the current pulses as aforesaid to each of said plural needles.
4. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1, further including means for adjusting the impedance means selectively to values ranging from a minimum of about one megohm as aforesaid to many megohms, whereby the needle current is subject to deliberate variation by the user of the apparatus with no more than secondary modification of the current due to varied body-impedances of patients.
Claims (4)
1. Acupuncture apparatus including multiple metal electrodes at least one of which is a needle of about five thousandths of an inch thick and about one-half inch to 6 inches in length for insertion into a patient''s body at an acupuncture point and electrical energizing means for oppositely energizing said needle and another of said electrodes, said electrical energizing means including means for providing pulses to the needle in the frequency range between a value approaching zero and 2,000 pulses per second, and said energizing means having impedance means for regulating the current supplied to said needle having a minimum impedance of about 1 megohm at the pulse frequency, whereby the needle is supplied with essentially constant current which is affected only secondarily by varied body-impedances of patients.
2. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said pulses are unipolar.
3. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1, including plural needles and wherein separate impedance means is included in said energizing means for regulating the current pulses as aforesaid to each of said plural needles.
4. Acupuncture apparatus in accordance with claim 1, further including means for adjusting the impedance means selectively to values ranging from a minimum of about one megohm as aforesaid to many megohms, whereby the needle current is subject to deliberate variation by the user of the apparatus with no more than secondary modification of the current due to varied body-impedances of patients.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US396699A US3897789A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | Acupuncture apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US396699A US3897789A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | Acupuncture apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3897789A true US3897789A (en) | 1975-08-05 |
Family
ID=23568301
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US396699A Expired - Lifetime US3897789A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | Acupuncture apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3897789A (en) |
Cited By (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4014347A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1977-03-29 | Staodynamics, Inc. | Transcutaneous nerve stimulator device and method |
US4062365A (en) * | 1975-06-05 | 1977-12-13 | Kameny Stanley L | Apparatus for generating applied electrical stimuli signals |
FR2359616A1 (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-24 | Pellin Henri | Sensor probe for measuring resistance of skin - has transistor operating as intermittent switch to avoid continuous feed to electrodes and risk of burning |
US4174706A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-11-20 | Bernard Jankelson | Mandible stimulator |
US4237896A (en) * | 1979-08-01 | 1980-12-09 | Senil Nominees Pty. Ltd | Immobilizing animals |
US4372315A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1983-02-08 | Hair Free Centers | Impedance sensing epilator |
FR2524325A1 (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-07 | Simonin Philippe | SKIN PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE COMPRISING THE APPLICATION OF SAID METHOD |
US4408617A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1983-10-11 | Deloffre Auguste | Apparatus for detecting the acupuncture points on a patient and for applying electrical stimulating signals to the detected points |
US4453548A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1984-06-12 | Empi, Inc. | Method of improving sensory tolerance with modulated nerve stimulator |
USRE31866E (en) * | 1979-08-01 | 1985-04-16 | Senil Nominees Pty. Ltd. | Immobilizing animals |
US4541432A (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1985-09-17 | Neurotronic Ltee | Electric nerve stimulator device |
US4556064A (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1985-12-03 | Bruce Pomeranz | Electrotherapy acupuncture apparatus and method |
US4558703A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1985-12-17 | Hermann Mark | Vestibular stimulation method |
FR2567762A1 (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-01-24 | Simonin Philippe | DEVICE FOR THE AESTHETIC TREATMENT OF SKIN |
EP0177661A1 (en) * | 1984-10-10 | 1986-04-16 | Hermann Dr. Mark | Apparatus for vestibule excitation |
US4690146A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1987-09-01 | Chattanooga Corporation | Neuromuscular stimulating apparatus |
US4940060A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1990-07-10 | Hansen Gu | Apparatus for detecting bioelectric signals |
US4989604A (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1991-02-05 | Accu Science Corporation | Electromagnetic device |
US5054486A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-10-08 | Mamoru Yamada | Remedial techniques for the treatment of painful disorders such as intervertebral disc hernia and the like |
US5425752A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1995-06-20 | Vu'nguyen; Dung D. | Method of direct electrical myostimulation using acupuncture needles |
US5957862A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-09-28 | Lu; Cheng-Liang | Acupuncture device system and methods thereof |
WO2004084988A1 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-07 | Lorenz Biotech S.P.A. | Electrostimulating system |
EP1524009A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-20 | Ela Medical | Active implantable medical device comprising means for ajusting the maximal frequency of ventrical stimulation according to the hemodynamic state of the patient |
US7162303B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-01-09 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients |
USRE40279E1 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2008-04-29 | Sherwood Services Ag | Method and system for neural tissue modification |
US7617005B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2009-11-10 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US7620451B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2009-11-17 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
USRE41045E1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 2009-12-15 | Covidien Ag | Method and apparatus for altering neural tissue function |
US7653438B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-01-26 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US7853333B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-12-14 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US7937143B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2011-05-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for inducing controlled renal neuromodulation |
US20110143648A1 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2011-06-16 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Automatic displacement ventilation system with heating mode |
US8131371B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-06 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US8145317B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US8145316B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US8150520B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for catheter-based renal denervation |
US8150519B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US8347891B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-01-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
US8620423B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-12-31 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermal modulation of nerves contributing to renal function |
US8626300B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-01-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US8774913B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for intravasculary-induced neuromodulation |
US8771252B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
US8774922B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having expandable balloons for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US8818514B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-08-26 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
US9192715B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-11-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal nerve blocking |
US9308044B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9308043B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US9327122B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-05-03 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US9439726B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-09-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9980766B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-05-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and systems for renal neuromodulation |
US10080864B2 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2018-09-25 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Packaging for catheter treatment devices and associated devices, systems, and methods |
US10179020B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2019-01-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Devices, systems and methods for evaluation and feedback of neuromodulation treatment |
US10194979B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US10194980B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US10537385B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2020-01-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Intravascular, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome or infertility |
US10874455B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2020-12-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Ovarian neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US11338140B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2022-05-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Monitoring of neuromodulation using biomarkers |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2498882A (en) * | 1946-06-20 | 1950-02-28 | Research Corp | Impulse stimulating apparatus |
US3077884A (en) * | 1957-06-13 | 1963-02-19 | Batrow Lab Inc | Electro-physiotherapy apparatus |
-
1973
- 1973-09-13 US US396699A patent/US3897789A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2498882A (en) * | 1946-06-20 | 1950-02-28 | Research Corp | Impulse stimulating apparatus |
US3077884A (en) * | 1957-06-13 | 1963-02-19 | Batrow Lab Inc | Electro-physiotherapy apparatus |
Cited By (147)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4014347A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1977-03-29 | Staodynamics, Inc. | Transcutaneous nerve stimulator device and method |
US4062365A (en) * | 1975-06-05 | 1977-12-13 | Kameny Stanley L | Apparatus for generating applied electrical stimuli signals |
FR2359616A1 (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-24 | Pellin Henri | Sensor probe for measuring resistance of skin - has transistor operating as intermittent switch to avoid continuous feed to electrodes and risk of burning |
US4174706A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-11-20 | Bernard Jankelson | Mandible stimulator |
USRE31866E (en) * | 1979-08-01 | 1985-04-16 | Senil Nominees Pty. Ltd. | Immobilizing animals |
US4237896A (en) * | 1979-08-01 | 1980-12-09 | Senil Nominees Pty. Ltd | Immobilizing animals |
US4408617A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1983-10-11 | Deloffre Auguste | Apparatus for detecting the acupuncture points on a patient and for applying electrical stimulating signals to the detected points |
US4372315A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1983-02-08 | Hair Free Centers | Impedance sensing epilator |
US4453548A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1984-06-12 | Empi, Inc. | Method of improving sensory tolerance with modulated nerve stimulator |
EP0091853A1 (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-19 | Philippe Simonin | Method for skin treatment and apparatus applying this method |
US4522210A (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1985-06-11 | Philippe Simonin | Method of skin treatment and device for carrying out the said method |
FR2524325A1 (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-07 | Simonin Philippe | SKIN PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE COMPRISING THE APPLICATION OF SAID METHOD |
US4558703A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1985-12-17 | Hermann Mark | Vestibular stimulation method |
US4541432A (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1985-09-17 | Neurotronic Ltee | Electric nerve stimulator device |
US4556064A (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1985-12-03 | Bruce Pomeranz | Electrotherapy acupuncture apparatus and method |
FR2567762A1 (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-01-24 | Simonin Philippe | DEVICE FOR THE AESTHETIC TREATMENT OF SKIN |
EP0177661A1 (en) * | 1984-10-10 | 1986-04-16 | Hermann Dr. Mark | Apparatus for vestibule excitation |
US4690146A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1987-09-01 | Chattanooga Corporation | Neuromuscular stimulating apparatus |
US4989604A (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1991-02-05 | Accu Science Corporation | Electromagnetic device |
US4940060A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1990-07-10 | Hansen Gu | Apparatus for detecting bioelectric signals |
US5054486A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-10-08 | Mamoru Yamada | Remedial techniques for the treatment of painful disorders such as intervertebral disc hernia and the like |
US5425752A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1995-06-20 | Vu'nguyen; Dung D. | Method of direct electrical myostimulation using acupuncture needles |
USRE41045E1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 2009-12-15 | Covidien Ag | Method and apparatus for altering neural tissue function |
USRE40279E1 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2008-04-29 | Sherwood Services Ag | Method and system for neural tissue modification |
US5957862A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-09-28 | Lu; Cheng-Liang | Acupuncture device system and methods thereof |
US8934978B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-01-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9265558B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-02-23 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US11033328B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2021-06-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US10850091B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2020-12-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US7162303B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-01-09 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients |
US10441356B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-10-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation via neuromodulatory agents |
US7617005B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2009-11-10 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US10420606B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-09-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
US10376311B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-08-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
US7647115B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-01-12 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients |
US7653438B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-01-26 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US10376312B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-08-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US7717948B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-05-18 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US7853333B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-12-14 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US10376516B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-08-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
US10293190B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-05-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Thermally-induced renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US8131371B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-06 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US8131372B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-06 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method for treatment of patients |
US8145317B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US8145316B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US8150520B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for catheter-based renal denervation |
US8150518B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients |
US8150519B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US8175711B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-05-08 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for treating a condition or disease associated with cardio-renal function |
US8347891B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-01-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
US10272246B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-04-30 | Medtronic Adrian Luxembourg S.a.r.l | Methods for extravascular renal neuromodulation |
US8444640B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-05-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
US8454594B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-06-04 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
US8548600B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-10-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Apparatuses for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US8551069B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-10-08 | Medtronic Adrian Luxembourg S.a.r.l. | Methods and apparatus for treating contrast nephropathy |
US8620423B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-12-31 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermal modulation of nerves contributing to renal function |
US8626300B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-01-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US8684998B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-04-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for inhibiting renal nerve activity |
US8721637B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-05-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing renal neuromodulation via catheter apparatuses having inflatable balloons |
US8728137B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-05-20 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US8728138B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-05-20 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US8740896B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-06-03 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing renal neuromodulation via catheter apparatuses having inflatable balloons |
US8768470B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monitoring renal neuromodulation |
US8774913B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for intravasculary-induced neuromodulation |
US8771252B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
US8774922B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having expandable balloons for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US8784463B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-22 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US10245429B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-04-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US8818514B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-08-26 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
US8845629B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-09-30 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Ultrasound apparatuses for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US8852163B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-10-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation via drugs and neuromodulatory agents and associated systems and methods |
US8880186B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-11-04 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients with chronic heart failure |
US10179027B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-01-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having expandable baskets for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US8948865B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-02-03 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for treating heart arrhythmia |
US8958871B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-02-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
US8983595B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-03-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients with chronic heart failure |
US8986294B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-03-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.a.rl. | Apparatuses for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US9023037B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-05-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Balloon catheter apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9072527B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-07-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Apparatuses and methods for renal neuromodulation |
US10179028B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-01-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for treating patients via renal neuromodulation |
US9125661B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-09-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9131978B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-09-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9138281B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-09-22 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for bilateral renal neuromodulation via catheter apparatuses having expandable baskets |
US9186213B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-11-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US9186198B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-11-17 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Ultrasound apparatuses for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US9192715B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2015-11-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal nerve blocking |
US10179235B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2019-01-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9289255B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-03-22 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9308044B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9308043B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US9314630B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-19 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients |
US9320561B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-26 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9326817B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-05-03 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for treating heart arrhythmia |
US9327122B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-05-03 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US9364280B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-06-14 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
US10130792B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-11-20 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation using neuromodulatory agents or drugs |
US9439726B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-09-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9445867B1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-09-20 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation via catheters having expandable treatment members |
US9456869B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-10-04 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9463066B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-10-11 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US9468497B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-10-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
US9474563B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-10-25 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US9486270B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-11-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9636174B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-05-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9675413B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-06-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9707035B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-07-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US9731132B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-08-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
US9743983B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-08-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients |
US9757193B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-09-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Balloon catheter apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9757192B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-09-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients |
US9814873B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-11-14 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
US9827040B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-11-28 | Medtronic Adrian Luxembourg S.a.r.l. | Methods and apparatus for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
US9827041B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-11-28 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Balloon catheter apparatuses for renal denervation |
US9895195B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-02-20 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
US9907611B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-03-06 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of patients |
US10124195B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-11-13 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US9956410B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-05-01 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
US9968611B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-05-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
US10111707B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-10-30 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Renal neuromodulation for treatment of human patients |
US10034708B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-07-31 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
US10039596B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-08-07 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Apparatus for renal neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
US10105180B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2018-10-23 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
WO2004084988A1 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-07 | Lorenz Biotech S.P.A. | Electrostimulating system |
US20060195167A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-08-31 | Andrea Zanella | Electrostimulating system |
JP2006521137A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-09-21 | ロレンツ バイオテック エス.ピー.エー. | Electrical stimulation system |
FR2860980A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-22 | Ela Medical Sa | ACTIVE IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE COMPRISING MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE MAXIMUM FREQUENCY OF VENTRICULAR STIMULATION BASED ON THE HEMODYNAMIC STATUS OF THE PATIENT |
EP1524009A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-20 | Ela Medical | Active implantable medical device comprising means for ajusting the maximal frequency of ventrical stimulation according to the hemodynamic state of the patient |
US20050137635A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-06-23 | Molin Renzo D. | Adjusting the maximum ventricular stimulation frequency according to the hemodynamic state of the patient in an active implantable medical device |
US7711422B2 (en) | 2003-10-16 | 2010-05-04 | Ela Medical S.A.S. | Adjusting the maximum ventricular stimulation frequency according to the hemodynamic state of the patient in an active implantable medical device |
US10537734B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2020-01-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US9402992B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2016-08-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US9950161B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2018-04-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US8805545B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2014-08-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US8433423B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2013-04-30 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US9108040B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2015-08-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
US7937143B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2011-05-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for inducing controlled renal neuromodulation |
US20110143648A1 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2011-06-16 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Automatic displacement ventilation system with heating mode |
US7620451B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2009-11-17 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
US10537385B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2020-01-21 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Intravascular, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome or infertility |
US10561460B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2020-02-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Neuromodulation systems and methods for treatment of sexual dysfunction |
US10179020B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2019-01-15 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Devices, systems and methods for evaluation and feedback of neuromodulation treatment |
US10874455B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2020-12-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Ovarian neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
US11338140B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2022-05-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Monitoring of neuromodulation using biomarkers |
US10080864B2 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2018-09-25 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Packaging for catheter treatment devices and associated devices, systems, and methods |
US10194979B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US10194980B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
US9980766B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-05-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and systems for renal neuromodulation |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3897789A (en) | Acupuncture apparatus | |
US3918459A (en) | Constant current electrotherapy device with plug-in current control means | |
US5267938A (en) | Magnetic stimulation device | |
US3426748A (en) | Stimulator analyzer and locater | |
US4140133A (en) | Device for pulse current action on central nervous system | |
US2532788A (en) | Artificial respiration by electronic stimulation | |
US4232680A (en) | Apparatus and method for transcutaneous electrotherapy nerve stimulator | |
EP0384430A2 (en) | Method and device for the controlled local, non-invasive application of DC pulses to human and animal tissues | |
EP0111229A2 (en) | Electric nerve stimulator device | |
EP0357647B1 (en) | Electrostimulating device | |
ATE161200T1 (en) | DEVICE FOR TRANSCRANIAL ELECTROTHERAPY | |
JPH11503349A (en) | Electroporation system with voltage control feedback for medical use | |
ATE3946T1 (en) | DEVICE FOR EXAMINING OR CONTROLLING AN INCREASED HEART RATE. | |
US4709700A (en) | Electro convulsive therapy method | |
Lacourse et al. | Effect of high-frequency current on nerve and muscle tissue | |
CN109125921A (en) | A kind of pulse acupuncture and moxibustion therapeutic apparatus based on evoked brain potential signal | |
US4446870A (en) | Electrical treatment method | |
RU2722812C1 (en) | Method of neural-like dynamic electric stimulation and device for implementation thereof | |
US3815603A (en) | Depilatory method and means | |
US4289136A (en) | Percutaneous pain alleviator methods | |
JP2920559B2 (en) | Electrical transcutaneous nerve stimulator | |
RU2016109027A (en) | DEVICE OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION OF VEINS, APPROPRIATE METHOD AND APPLICATION OF THE VEHICLE | |
Race et al. | Electrical stimulation of the heart | |
DE2659115A1 (en) | Magnetic pulse diagnostic and therapeutic instrument - has sensing electrode within magnetic field, connected by ohmmeter with reference electrode | |
Weitz | Vibratory sensitivity as affected by local anesthesia. |