US3892633A - Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors - Google Patents

Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3892633A
US3892633A US331452A US33145273A US3892633A US 3892633 A US3892633 A US 3892633A US 331452 A US331452 A US 331452A US 33145273 A US33145273 A US 33145273A US 3892633 A US3892633 A US 3892633A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coke
cutting
sensing device
signal
aid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US331452A
Inventor
Thaddeus J Oleszko
Eduard P Kaufmann
Irvin D Johnson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marathon Oil Co
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Marathon Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marathon Oil Co filed Critical Marathon Oil Co
Priority to US331452A priority Critical patent/US3892633A/en
Priority to DE19732365212 priority patent/DE2365212B2/en
Priority to IT19233/74A priority patent/IT1003348B/en
Priority to ES422137A priority patent/ES422137A1/en
Priority to CA191,289A priority patent/CA1013697A/en
Priority to BE140332A priority patent/BE810352A/en
Priority to GB480174A priority patent/GB1450245A/en
Priority to NL7401567A priority patent/NL7401567A/xx
Priority to DD176469A priority patent/DD114096A1/xx
Priority to FR7404404A priority patent/FR2217406B1/fr
Priority to RO7477603A priority patent/RO72684A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3892633A publication Critical patent/US3892633A/en
Assigned to MARATHON OIL COMPANY, AN OH CORP reassignment MARATHON OIL COMPANY, AN OH CORP ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTEREST Assignors: MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C10B33/006—Decoking tools, e.g. hydraulic coke removing tools with boring or cutting nozzles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
    • C10B41/02—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for discharging coke

Definitions

  • the present invention is an improvement over conventional methods of coke cutting, where the operator generally has no feedback as to how well he is doing, since steam in the area prevents him from seeing what is coming out of the chamber and the high level of water pressure that is used in the cutting process makes a loud enough noise that the operator cannot normally determine audibly if he is making any progress in his cutting operations. He is also prevented from knowing the size of the coke particles which he is producing. With the aid of the present invention, the operator can cut coke from the coker drum with a greater degree of efficiency.
  • a discriminating device may also be used to distinguish between low amplitude pulses and high amplitude pulses sent from the sensing device to the cutting operator.
  • High amplitude pulses indicate that large chunks of coke are falling, whereas low amplitude pulses indicate that small chunks or fines are being cut.
  • the ratio of high amplitude pulses to low amplitude pulses may be calculated to determine the efficiency of the cutting operation and the average size of the coke being cut. When the ratio moves away from a pre-determine value (calculated to yield a specific coke particle size), the cutting nozzle is moved on a vertical plane until the desired size of cut coke is again produced.
  • the present invention is particularly useful for increasing the efficiency of coke cutting operations from a delayed coker chamber.
  • FIG. I shows the use of the present invention in conjunction with coke cutting apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing the use of a discriminating device to activate an automatic rate of travel control mechanism.
  • any type of sensing device which is capable of detecting noise, vibration, or the passage of solid objects may be used with the present invention.
  • a geophone comprising two segments of barium titanate (obtainable from Gulton Industries. Inc. of Metuchen, New Jersey) assembled so that a positive pressure (inwardly directed radial forces) acting on one segment will contribute a positive voltage between the output terminal and the ground, whereas negative pressure (outwardly directed radial forces) acting on the other segment will contribute a positive voltage is used.
  • the output of the detector depends upon the differences in the pressures experienced by the two segments.
  • the signal obtained from the sensing device may be transmitted to the operator by a conventional loudspeaker.
  • Oscilloscope Any conventional oscilloscope may be used.
  • a geophone I9 is installed directly below a chute 15 under a coker chamber 12. This is connected to an amplifier 21 and is transmitted through a speaker 20 in the area where the operator controls the operation. By listening to the sound from the speaker, the operator is able to tell when he is cutting efficiently and when he is not. He is also able to tell the approximate size of the particles of coke 14 which he is cutting. In response to the sound from the speaker, he may raise or lower the cutting nozzle 13 by way of the descent mechanism 22. In this manner, he is able to clean the chamber in much less time than would be possible using a conventional visual observation.
  • a geophone is installed directly below a chute under a coker chamber.
  • the signal from the geophone is transmitted to an oscilloscope.
  • the cutting operator may raise or lower the cutting nozzle to obtain the desired size of cut coke.
  • a geophone is installed directly below a chute under a coker chamber.
  • a signal from the geophone l is transmitted through an amplifier 2 to a plurality of Oscilloscopes 3 and 4.
  • Oscilloscope 3 responds to high amplitude pulses received from the sensing device while oscilloscope 4 responds to low amplitude pulses.
  • An analog computer 5 is used to calculate the ratio of high amplitude pulses to low amplitude pulses. When this ratio varies from a predetermined value, an automatic rate of travel control mechanism 6 is activated to raise or lower the cutting nozzle thereby re-establishing the desired ratio.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

A sensing device is used in the cutting of coke from a coke drum. The sensing device relays to the cutting operator information as to the size and quantity of the coke being cut. The travel of the cutting nozzel may also be controlled automatically in response to information detected by the sensing device.

Description

United States Patent Oleszko et al.
COKE CUTTING WITH AID OF VIBRATION DETECTORS Inventors: Thaddeus J. Oleszko; Eduard P. Kaufmann, both of Burghausen, Germany; Irvin D. Johnson, Englewood, Colo.
Marathon Oil Company, Findlay, Ohio Filed: Feb. 12, 1973 Appl. No.: 331,452
Assignee:
US. Cl 201/2; 15/10403; 15/104.1 R; 15/104.l C; 134/168 R; 201/1;
Int. Cl. Cl0b 47/00; C10b 43/00 Field of Search 201/2, 7, 1; 202/241, 226, 202/261; 208/131; 134/167 R, 168 R; 15/111403, 104.07, 104.09, 104.1 R,
104.1 C, l5/l04.11;340/222,419,236,
July 1, 1975 [56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 2,248,903 7/1941 Florez 202/241 2,254,848 9/1941 Holveck t 134/168 R 2,659,881 11/1953 Bogot et a1. H 340/261 Primary Examiner-A. Louis Monacell Assistant Examiner-Darrell Sanders Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Joseph C. Herring; Richard C Willson, Jr.; J, L. Hummel ABSTRACT A sensing device is used in the cutting of coke from a coke drum. The sensing device relays to the cutting operator information as to the size and quantity of the coke being cut. The travel of the cutting nozzel may also be controlled automatically in response to information detected by the sensing device.
5 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PATENTEUJuu OSCILLOSCOPE l CONTROL MECHANSM ANALOG [comm USCELLUSCOPE AMPLlFlER E GECPHONE Fig.
COKE CUTTING WITH AID OF VIBRATION DETECTORS BACKGROUND OF THE v INVENTION I. Field of the Invention The present invention relates primarily to distillation apparatus classified in US. Patent Office Class 202.
2. Description of the Prior Art The inventors are aware of no related prior art. The conventional method of information flow has consisted of the operators unassisted visual and auditory input.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION l. General Statement of the Invention By installing a listening device, or vibration detector to sense the intensity of the noise or vibration created as coke drops out of a delayed coker chamber onto a transporting chute or into a train car, a cutting operator can determine the efficiency of his cutting operation. If no coke is falling onto the transporting chute, he can move the cutting head up or down until coke begins to fall. From the amplitude of noise or vibrations that are detected, he can determine whether he is making fines or whether large chunks of coke are falling. This latter situation is preferable since fines are generally not desired. The present invention is an improvement over conventional methods of coke cutting, where the operator generally has no feedback as to how well he is doing, since steam in the area prevents him from seeing what is coming out of the chamber and the high level of water pressure that is used in the cutting process makes a loud enough noise that the operator cannot normally determine audibly if he is making any progress in his cutting operations. He is also prevented from knowing the size of the coke particles which he is producing. With the aid of the present invention, the operator can cut coke from the coker drum with a greater degree of efficiency.
A discriminating device may also be used to distinguish between low amplitude pulses and high amplitude pulses sent from the sensing device to the cutting operator. High amplitude pulses indicate that large chunks of coke are falling, whereas low amplitude pulses indicate that small chunks or fines are being cut. The ratio of high amplitude pulses to low amplitude pulses may be calculated to determine the efficiency of the cutting operation and the average size of the coke being cut. When the ratio moves away from a pre-determine value (calculated to yield a specific coke particle size), the cutting nozzle is moved on a vertical plane until the desired size of cut coke is again produced.
2. Utility of the Invention The present invention is particularly useful for increasing the efficiency of coke cutting operations from a delayed coker chamber.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I shows the use of the present invention in conjunction with coke cutting apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing the use of a discriminating device to activate an automatic rate of travel control mechanism.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Sensing devices: Any type of sensing device which is capable of detecting noise, vibration, or the passage of solid objects may be used with the present invention. In particular, a geophone comprising two segments of barium titanate (obtainable from Gulton Industries. Inc. of Metuchen, New Jersey) assembled so that a positive pressure (inwardly directed radial forces) acting on one segment will contribute a positive voltage between the output terminal and the ground, whereas negative pressure (outwardly directed radial forces) acting on the other segment will contribute a positive voltage is used. Hence, the output of the detector depends upon the differences in the pressures experienced by the two segments.
Loudspeaker: The signal obtained from the sensing device may be transmitted to the operator by a conventional loudspeaker.
Oscilloscope: Any conventional oscilloscope may be used.
Examples:
EXAMPLE I Referring to FIG. 1, a geophone I9 is installed directly below a chute 15 under a coker chamber 12. This is connected to an amplifier 21 and is transmitted through a speaker 20 in the area where the operator controls the operation. By listening to the sound from the speaker, the operator is able to tell when he is cutting efficiently and when he is not. He is also able to tell the approximate size of the particles of coke 14 which he is cutting. In response to the sound from the speaker, he may raise or lower the cutting nozzle 13 by way of the descent mechanism 22. In this manner, he is able to clean the chamber in much less time than would be possible using a conventional visual observation.
EXAMPLE [I A geophone is installed directly below a chute under a coker chamber. The signal from the geophone is transmitted to an oscilloscope. By distinguishing between high amplitude pulses and low amplitude pulses, the cutting operator may raise or lower the cutting nozzle to obtain the desired size of cut coke.
EXAMPLE III A geophone is installed directly below a chute under a coker chamber. Referring to FIG. 2, a signal from the geophone l is transmitted through an amplifier 2 to a plurality of Oscilloscopes 3 and 4. Oscilloscope 3 responds to high amplitude pulses received from the sensing device while oscilloscope 4 responds to low amplitude pulses. An analog computer 5 is used to calculate the ratio of high amplitude pulses to low amplitude pulses. When this ratio varies from a predetermined value, an automatic rate of travel control mechanism 6 is activated to raise or lower the cutting nozzle thereby re-establishing the desired ratio.
MODIFICATIONS OF THE INVENTION It should be understood that the invention is capable of a wide variety of modifications and variations which will be made apparent to those skilled in the art by a reading of the specification and which are to be included within the spirit of the claims appended hereto. For example, various other types of sensing equipment may be used with the present invention, as may be various other types of signal manifesting devices. The
from said sensing device is transmitted to the cutting operator by the use of a loudspeaker.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the rate of ascent or descent of the coke cutting nozzle is controlled in response to the signal from said sensing device.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is a vibration detector.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is a sound detector.

Claims (5)

1. IN A METHOD TO CUTTING COKE FROM THE DRUM OF A DELAYED COKER WHEREIN THE CUT COKE FALLS FROM THE COKE DRUM ONTO A SURFACE, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING THE USE OF A SENSING DEVICE CONTACTING SAID SURFACE TO GENERATE A SIGNAL INDICATIVE OF THE AMOUNT AND SIZE OF THE COKE AND CONTROLLING THE RATE OF THE COKE CUTTING IN RESPONSE TO SAID SIGNAL.
2. A method according of claim 1 wherein a signal from said sensing device is transmitted to the cutting operator by the use of a loudspeaker.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the rate of ascent or descent of the coke cutting nozzle is controlled in response to the signal from said sensing device.
4. A method accoRding to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is a vibration detector.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is a sound detector.
US331452A 1973-02-12 1973-02-12 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors Expired - Lifetime US3892633A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331452A US3892633A (en) 1973-02-12 1973-02-12 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors
DE19732365212 DE2365212B2 (en) 1973-02-12 1973-12-27 CONTROL DEVICE FOR THE CUTTING TOOLS FOR EMPTYING AN OIL COKING REACTOR
IT19233/74A IT1003348B (en) 1973-02-12 1974-01-09 CUT OF COKE BY MEANS OF VIBRATION REVEALED
ES422137A ES422137A1 (en) 1973-02-12 1974-01-09 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors
BE140332A BE810352A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-01-30 PROCEDURE FOR DEFURING THE COKE
CA191,289A CA1013697A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-01-30 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors
GB480174A GB1450245A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-01 Coke cutting with aid of sensing devices
NL7401567A NL7401567A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-05
DD176469A DD114096A1 (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-08
FR7404404A FR2217406B1 (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-08
RO7477603A RO72684A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-11 PROCESS FOR CUTTING THE COKE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331452A US3892633A (en) 1973-02-12 1973-02-12 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors

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US3892633A true US3892633A (en) 1975-07-01

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US331452A Expired - Lifetime US3892633A (en) 1973-02-12 1973-02-12 Coke cutting with aid of vibration detectors

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US (1) US3892633A (en)
BE (1) BE810352A (en)
CA (1) CA1013697A (en)
DD (1) DD114096A1 (en)
DE (1) DE2365212B2 (en)
ES (1) ES422137A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2217406B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1450245A (en)
IT (1) IT1003348B (en)
NL (1) NL7401567A (en)
RO (1) RO72684A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100035A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-07-11 Continental Oil Company Apparatus for quenching delayed coke
US4410398A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-10-18 Shell Oil Company Method and apparatus for monitoring the cutting of coke in a petroleum process
JPS60243194A (en) * 1984-02-22 1985-12-03 コノコ・インコ−ポレ−テツド Automatic coke removing method and device
US4798334A (en) * 1987-09-25 1989-01-17 New West Engineering, Ltd. Apparatus for spraying a liquid in a vessel
US5172710A (en) * 1989-02-06 1992-12-22 Sybron Chemicals Inc. Apparatus for spraying a liquid in vessel
WO2006047379A2 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-04 Koerner Andre F Coke drum automated drill stem guide and cover system
US20070038393A1 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-15 Frederic Borah Vibration monitoring
US20090056759A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Limin Song Method and system to remove coke from a coker drum

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3809077C2 (en) * 1988-03-18 1993-11-04 Westfalia Becorit Ind Tech METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING PETROL COCKS FROM A COOK CHAMBER

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2248903A (en) * 1938-07-22 1941-07-08 Florez Engineering Co Inc De Removing coke from coke stills
US2254848A (en) * 1938-12-28 1941-09-02 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Hydraulic system
US2659881A (en) * 1950-04-26 1953-11-17 Combustion Eng Detection of stoppage in the flow of divided material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2248903A (en) * 1938-07-22 1941-07-08 Florez Engineering Co Inc De Removing coke from coke stills
US2254848A (en) * 1938-12-28 1941-09-02 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Hydraulic system
US2659881A (en) * 1950-04-26 1953-11-17 Combustion Eng Detection of stoppage in the flow of divided material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100035A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-07-11 Continental Oil Company Apparatus for quenching delayed coke
US4410398A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-10-18 Shell Oil Company Method and apparatus for monitoring the cutting of coke in a petroleum process
JPS60243194A (en) * 1984-02-22 1985-12-03 コノコ・インコ−ポレ−テツド Automatic coke removing method and device
US4626320A (en) * 1984-02-22 1986-12-02 Conoco Inc. Method for automated de-coking
JPH0211635B2 (en) * 1984-02-22 1990-03-15 Conoco Inc
US4798334A (en) * 1987-09-25 1989-01-17 New West Engineering, Ltd. Apparatus for spraying a liquid in a vessel
US5172710A (en) * 1989-02-06 1992-12-22 Sybron Chemicals Inc. Apparatus for spraying a liquid in vessel
WO2006047379A2 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-04 Koerner Andre F Coke drum automated drill stem guide and cover system
WO2006047379A3 (en) * 2004-10-26 2007-03-15 Andre F Koerner Coke drum automated drill stem guide and cover system
US20070038393A1 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-15 Frederic Borah Vibration monitoring
US20090056759A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Limin Song Method and system to remove coke from a coker drum
WO2009032082A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-12 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Method and system to remove coke from a coker drum
US7935226B2 (en) 2007-08-29 2011-05-03 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Method and system to remove coke from a coker drum

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Publication number Publication date
DE2365212B2 (en) 1976-03-04
FR2217406B1 (en) 1976-11-26
GB1450245A (en) 1976-09-22
BE810352A (en) 1974-07-30
NL7401567A (en) 1974-08-14
FR2217406A1 (en) 1974-09-06
CA1013697A (en) 1977-07-12
ES422137A1 (en) 1976-04-01
DE2365212A1 (en) 1974-08-15
IT1003348B (en) 1976-06-10
RO72684A (en) 1981-03-30
DD114096A1 (en) 1975-07-12

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Free format text: ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTEREST IN ALL PATENTS AS OF JULY 10,1982 EXCEPT PATENT NOS. 3,783,944 AND 4,260,291. ASSIGNOR ASSIGNS A FIFTY PERCENT INTEREST IN SAID TWO PATENTS AS OF JULY 10,1982;ASSIGNOR:MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004172/0421

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