US3889470A - Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions - Google Patents

Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889470A
US3889470A US368122A US36812273A US3889470A US 3889470 A US3889470 A US 3889470A US 368122 A US368122 A US 368122A US 36812273 A US36812273 A US 36812273A US 3889470 A US3889470 A US 3889470A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
stream
streams
high temperature
working fluid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US368122A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Szewalski
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Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Maszyn Przeplywowych
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut
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Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for improving the efficiency of a power cycle in a steam turbine for initial supercriticalsteam conditions in which the working fluid is expanded from the initial supercritical steam conditions to a lower pressure which is. however. higher than the critical pressure.
  • the working fluid is divided into two streams, one of which is cooled down in a high temperature regenerative heat exchanger for yielding its heat to feed water already previously heated in regenerative feed heaters.
  • the other stream is expanded in the turbine in a conventional manner. and thereafter the two streams are mixed before entering the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger and boiler.
  • the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger is sub-divided into a number of sections. and the mass flow rate of the heating medium in predetermined sections is changed in a step manner by directing a part of the working fluid from a predetermined point of the power cycle to a predetermined section of the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger.
  • the present invention relates to a method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions.
  • the high temperature heat exchanger is divided into a number of sections characterized by a varying ratio of mass flow rates of the two streams of the working fluid, i.e., the heating and the heated ones.
  • the method enables obtaining an approximately constant temperature difference between the two heat exchanging streams of the working medium and consequently optimal conditions for the heat exchanging process and the attainable efficiency of the power cycle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic arrangement of a part of a steam turbine power cycle provided with a high temperature heat exchanger divided into five sections, and
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic arrangement of the same part of the power cycle as in FIG. 1 but with some part of the heating stream being carried away from the heat exchanger.
  • steam at supercritical initial conditions is expanded in turbine T from state 1 to state 2 the pressure still being higher than the critical pressure.
  • the stream is divided into two basic streams one of which, beginning from point 11 is directed to an interstage resuperheater and subsequently to the next turbine (which is not shown in the drawing).
  • the other stream is directed to the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger RWC serving thereat as the heating medium.
  • the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger RWC is divided into five sections denoted as A, B, C, D and E. When passing from one of the above sections to the next one the rate of flow of the heating medium is changed in stepped fashion.
  • the above mentioned changes are effected either by bleeding at certain amount of the heating medium as for instance between sections B and C where a part of the medium leaving section B is directed to point 11 and further to the interstage resuperheater, or the said changes are effected by directing a suitable amount of the heating medium from another point of the power cycle to a given section of the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger as occurs between sections A and B, C and D, as well as D and E.
  • the stream of the heating medium leaving the regenerative heat exchanger RWC at point 9 is passed through pump P in which the pressure of the working fluid is increased to state 10 enabling the said stream of working fluid to mix with the stream of feed water leaving the feed water heater W at point 6.
  • the stream of the working fluid attains condition 7, and after passing through the regenerative heat exchanger RWC the heated medium attains conditions 8, whereafter the stream of working fluid is directed into the boiler K.
  • the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger RWC is divided into three sections F, G and H.
  • the first section F and the last one H are characterized by the same value of mass flow rate of the heating medium.
  • the mass flow rate is reduced by the amount of the working fluid bled at the outlet of section F with subsequent extraction of the amount of heat Q for heating purposes either within the power cycle or outside the cycle.
  • the cooled part of the stream of working fluid is afterwards directed again into the regenerative heat exchanger RWC at the inlet of section H. Consequently stepped changes of the mass flow rate of the heating medium are obtained within the regenerative heat exchanger RWC, and simultaneously the possibility of producing mechanical energy in parallel with heat for technological purposes leads to a considerable improvement of the efficiency of the power cycle.
  • a method of improving the efficiency of the power cycle of a steam turbine for initial supercritical steam conditions comprising the steps of expanding the working fluid from the initial supercritical steam conditions to a lower pressure which is higher than the critical pressure; dividing the working fluid into two streams; cooling one stream in a high temperature regenerative heat exchanger as a heating stream for yielding its heat to a feed water stream passing through the heat exchanger and constituting a heated stream; further expanding the other of said two streams in the turbine; mixing thereafter said one stream after it has passed through the exchanger with said other stream after it has been further expanded to constitute the feed water stream entering the regenerative heat exchanger;
  • the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger being divided into a number of successive sections and varying the ratio of the mass flow rates of the heated stream to the heating stream in successive sections in said heat exchanger in stepped manner to provide substantially constant temperature differences between the two streams in the sections of the heat exchanger by selectively dividing a part of one of the streams from one section of the heat exchanger to another.
  • a method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the mass flow rate of the heating stream is stepwise varied by directing a part of the heating stream externally of the heat exchanger from one section to another and bypassing an intermediate section therebetween.
  • a method as claimed in claim 3 comprising cooling the externally directed part of the heating stream before it is returned to the heat exchanger.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
US368122A 1972-06-10 1973-06-08 Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions Expired - Lifetime US3889470A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15592872A PL79505B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-06-10 1972-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3889470A true US3889470A (en) 1975-06-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US368122A Expired - Lifetime US3889470A (en) 1972-06-10 1973-06-08 Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3889470A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH561845A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2329489A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2188674A6 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1398040A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL79505B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SU (1) SU605557A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050268611A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Denso Corporation Steam engine
CN1328484C (zh) * 2003-10-10 2007-07-25 上海发电设备成套设计研究所 超临界空冷汽轮机
CN101684737A (zh) * 2008-09-27 2010-03-31 冯显刚 热能循环利用组合动力机械
US20120306208A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2012-12-06 Thomas Mikus Power plant with magnetohydrodynamic topping cycle
CN104061027A (zh) * 2014-07-11 2014-09-24 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 二次再热汽轮机热力系统的高温抽汽冷却系统
CN104389646A (zh) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-04 袁雄俊 一种节能型生水加热系统
US20160320052A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2016-11-03 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Heat transfer tube, boiler and steam turbine device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007131281A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Newcastle Innovation Limited A method and system for generating power from a heat source
CA2621624C (en) * 2008-02-07 2013-04-16 Robert Thiessen Method of externally modifying a carnot engine cycle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991620A (en) * 1956-06-11 1961-07-11 Nekolny Jaroslav Desuperheater arrangements for steam turbines
US3292372A (en) * 1963-03-23 1966-12-20 Siemens Ag Steam power generating plant
US3683621A (en) * 1970-03-17 1972-08-15 Robert Szewalski Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991620A (en) * 1956-06-11 1961-07-11 Nekolny Jaroslav Desuperheater arrangements for steam turbines
US3292372A (en) * 1963-03-23 1966-12-20 Siemens Ag Steam power generating plant
US3683621A (en) * 1970-03-17 1972-08-15 Robert Szewalski Method of improving the power cycle efficiency of a steam turbine for supercritical steam conditions

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1328484C (zh) * 2003-10-10 2007-07-25 上海发电设备成套设计研究所 超临界空冷汽轮机
US20050268611A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Denso Corporation Steam engine
US7185491B2 (en) * 2004-06-08 2007-03-06 Denso Corporation Steam engine
CN101684737A (zh) * 2008-09-27 2010-03-31 冯显刚 热能循环利用组合动力机械
US20120306208A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2012-12-06 Thomas Mikus Power plant with magnetohydrodynamic topping cycle
US8680696B2 (en) * 2010-02-08 2014-03-25 Shell Oil Company Power plant with magnetohydrodynamic topping cycle
US20160320052A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2016-11-03 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Heat transfer tube, boiler and steam turbine device
US10132494B2 (en) * 2013-12-27 2018-11-20 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Heat transfer tube including a groove portion having a spiral shape extending continuously and a rib portion extending continuously and protruding inward by the groove portion
CN104061027A (zh) * 2014-07-11 2014-09-24 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 二次再热汽轮机热力系统的高温抽汽冷却系统
CN104061027B (zh) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-06 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 二次再热汽轮机热力系统的高温抽汽冷却系统
CN104389646A (zh) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-04 袁雄俊 一种节能型生水加热系统
CN104389646B (zh) * 2014-11-04 2016-02-03 袁雄俊 一种节能型生水加热系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH561845A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-15
DE2329489A1 (de) 1973-12-20
SU605557A4 (ru) 1978-04-30
GB1398040A (en) 1975-06-18
FR2188674A6 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-01-18
PL79505B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-30

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