US3888104A

US3888104A - Forging machine

Info

Publication number: US3888104A
Application number: US431470A
Authority: US
Inventors: Bernd Ribback
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1973-01-12
Filing date: 1974-01-07
Publication date: 1975-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 1992-06-10
Also published as: FR2213818B3; BR7400103D0; CA992363A; DD109536A5; DE2301537A1; JPS506556A; PL90134B1; IT998957B; FR2213818A1; ES419827A1

Abstract

A forging machine having a pair of opposed double-arm levers pivotably mounted on eccentric shafts. One end of each arm includes a trunnion having a shaft body or bushing for receiving a tool carrier and a tool. The tool and tool carrier are preferably in the form of pistons slidably mounted in corresponding cylindrical guides. An indicating device is coupled to each trunnion to measure the displacement of the respective tool, and worm gears are threadably coupled to the eccentric shafts of the double-arm levers so that the pivot axes of the levers can be adjusted laterally with respect to the forging axis.

Description

United States Patent 1 1 Ribback 1 June 10, 1975 [54] FORGING MACHINE 3,690,142 9/1972 Blaimschein 72/402 [76] Inventor: Bernd Ribback, Rue de Mertert 48, I

wasserbming/Luxl Germany Primary Exammerl\ lilton S. Mehr Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Allison C. Collard [22] Filed: Jan. 7, 1974 [21] App]. No.: 431,470 [57] ABSTRACT A forging machine having a pair of opposed double- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data arm levers pivotably mounted on eccentric shafts. One Jan 12 1973 Germany N 2301537 end of each arm includes a trunnion having a shaft body or bushing for receiving a tool carrier and a tool. 52 us. Cl 72/407; 72/452 T 1001 Carrier Preferably in the form of 511 Im. C1 821; 9/18 1 x 9 3" cPrresponding Cylindrical [58] Fidd of Search 72/450 36 429, 407, 402, gtudes. An indicating device 18 coupled to each tron- 72/452 404 mon to measure the displacement of the respectlve tool, and worm gears are threadably coupled to the [56] References a eccentric shafts of the double-arrn levers so that the UNITED STATES PATENTS pivot axes of the levers can be HClJLlSICd laterally with respect to the forging axis. 2,798,945 3/1974 Rlbback H 72/452 3,621,702 11/1971 Kralowetz 72/452 5 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure 16 I5 15 I4 15 I4 4111 /\Y (,L/ l 9 LL 5 I] d l0 I0 I Q in 4- 4- I x \\*i n\ $1 l 1 7 3 3 7 1 11 i a 1 l J 1. l 1 7 E 5 I 1 i I ll; M a f 7 llll. '1 1 I FORGING MACHINE The present invention relates to a forging machine for forming metal in the plastic state, having one or more tool carriers for forming materials either by pressing, forging or the like. The tool carriers are mounted on double-arm type levers which are in turn mounted on pivotable axes. On both sides of the pivot axes, at the end of each lever arm are mounted means for producing the drive moment for the form shaping, or the release moment for the shaped article. A large mechanical advantage on the smaller lever arms makes it possible to obtain large shaping forces on the longer lever arms with a relatively small exertion of force.

This type of machine is thus exceptionally well suited for plastic forming. The tools can be rapidly brought to the material. The tool positions, which are lateral with respect to the common forging axis, can be easily adjusted by mounting the pivot axes to rotatable and adjustable eccentrics.

The invention takes note of the basic conception that the effective forces, which run from the lever arms laterally to the linear forging axis, are in an arcuate direction, thus causing a partly circular movement of the tool carriers, resulting in a poor and inexact forging.

It is therefore an object of this invention to prevent and eliminate poor and inexact forgings during operation of the device. Therefore, each driven tool, which is mounted on two armed levers pivotally around a respective pivot axis, is guided in a linear direction laterally with respect to the forging axis.

The invention is shown schematically in the drawing, by means of an example, constituted by a sole FIGURE which is a partially cross-sectional view.

An exemplary forging machine of the subject invention essentially consists of a pair of double-armed levers 1, 2 which are pivotably reciprocated at their outer ends about pivot axes 3 3, for respective tools 10 of the machine. This drive is performed with a central, eccentric drive shaft 4 and by

pressure elements

5, 6. To position the tools, the pivot axes 3 of the levers 1 and 2 are rotatably mounted at their other ends on eccentric shafts 7 7 and are adjustable laterally with respect to a common linear forging axis 9, by means of respective worm gear drives 8 8.

It is an object of the subject invention that each forming tool 10, driven by the respective pivotable lever l, 2 around the pivot axes 3, is in the form of a piston, guided linearly and laterally with respect to the linear forging axis 9. In the embodiment shown, the forming tools 10 are mounted on linear carriers 11. The ends of levers l and 2, which pivot around their pivot axes 3, are in the form of couple trunnions l2 12 which axially engage shaft bodies or bushings 13 13. The lat ter 13 are rotatably moveable in the linear carriers 11 or directly in the tools 10, laterally with respect to the linear forging axis 9.

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the tool carriers 11 are in the form of pistons which are guided for reciprocation along the forging axis, namely in cylinders 14 14 that are disposed laterally with respect to the forging axis 9, axially on both sides of the rotatably moveable shaft bodies 13, as can be seen in the drawing.

It is another object of the invention to externally indicate the stroke positions of the tool carriers 11 and tools 10, and not the stroke movements. For this purpose, adjustable indicating means 15 15 are provided. Associated fingers l6 16 are spaced apart from each other and correspond to the stroke paths, so that they are only engaged by the outer ends of the respective strokes and thus displaced.

in the forging machine of the above type, a plurality of the linearly guided forging tools 10 and their carriers 11, together with their associated pivot lever arms 1, 2, axes 3 and trunnions 12 may be assembled in series into a single machine unit, coaxially with respect to the forging axis 9. In this way, it is possible to pre-forge and rough forge as well as perform the finished forging of a piece of material at the same high temperature or from the same batch, and in a single shaping step.

While only a single embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be obvious to those persons skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. A forging machine for providing linear movements for at least two forging tools along a common forging axis, despite arcuate movements of the associated drive, the machine comprising: two double-arm levers pivotably disposed adjacent one another and having respective pivot axes, for actuating the tools; linear displacement means for coupling the tools to outer arms of said levers, and for guiding the tools in areas that are laterally within the forging axis, so that the tools recip rocate linearly therealong; the tools having respective carriers coaxially aligned on the forging axis for linearly moving the tools into respective operative positions; said linear displacement means including coupling trunnions formed on said outer lever arms, having extensions substantially perpendicular to those of the respective carriers, bushings partly rotatable in said carriers and axially engaged by said trunnions for pivotably mounting and supporting said carriers, said bushings having bores therein for slidably journaling said trunnions, and cylindrical guides disposed laterally with respect to the forging axis and mounted coaxially opposite one another, for linearly guiding terminal portions of said carriers as well as the tools by the intermediary of said bushings, for linear reciprocation along the forging axis; said drive for the tools including two pressureelement levers pivotable about a central, eccentric drive shaft and pivotably connected to other lever arms, opposite said terminal portions of the carriers, for imparting reciprocatory arcuate movements to said levers; and wherein said trunnions of the linear displacement means provide compensation between the arcuate movements of said outer lever arms and the linear movements of said carriers.

2. The forging machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said carriers and the tools constitute respective pistons which are slidable in said guides at said outer lever arms.

3. The forging machine as defined in claim 1, further comprising displaceable indicator means for determining the respective stroke positions of said carriers and of the tools in said guides, and for displaying the ends of the stroke paths.

4. The forging machine as defined in claim 1, further comprising means for individually adjusting the centers of the pivot axes of said levers in respective directions lateral of and substantially parallel with the forging axis.

the angular directions of the pivot axes and thereby the areas of tool movement within which their respective stroke paths become effective.

Claims

1. A forging machine for providing linear movements for at least two forging tools along a common forging axis, despite arcuate movements of the associated drive, the machine comprising: two double-arm levers pivotably disposed adjacent one another and having respective pivot axes, for actuating the tools; linear displacement means for coupling the tools to outer arms of said levers, and for guiding the tools in areas that are laterally within the forging axis, so that the tools reciprocate linearly therealong; the tools having respective carriers coaxially aligned on the forging axis for linearly moving the tools into respective operative positions; said linear displacement means including coupling trunnions formed on said outer lever arms, having extensions substantially perpendicular to those of the respective carriers, bushings partly rotatable in said carriers and axially engaged by said trunnions for pivotably mounting and supporting said carriers, said bushings having bores therein for slidably journaling said trunnions, and cylindrical guides disposed laterally with respect to the forging axis and mounted coaxially opposite one another, for linearly guiding terminal portions of said carriers as well as the tools by the intermediary of said bushings, for linear reciprocation along the forging axis; said drive for the tools including two pressureelement levers pivotable about a central, eccentric drive shaft and pivotably connected to other lever arms, opposite said terminal portions of the carriers, for imparting reciprocatory arcuate movements to said levers; and wherein said trunnions of the linear displacement means provide compensation between the arcuate movements of said outer lever arms and the linear movements of said carriers.

5. The forging machine as defined in claim 4, further comprising eccentric shafts for pivotably mounting said levers at the respective pivot axes; and wherein said individual adjusting means is constituted by worm-gear drives respectively coupled to said shafts for changing the angular directions of the pivot axes and thereby the areas of tool movement within which their respective stroke paths become effective.