US3880411A - Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels - Google Patents
Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3880411A US3880411A US391252A US39125273A US3880411A US 3880411 A US3880411 A US 3880411A US 391252 A US391252 A US 391252A US 39125273 A US39125273 A US 39125273A US 3880411 A US3880411 A US 3880411A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- evaporator
- magnesium
- tuyere
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
Definitions
- the tuyere is made in the form of a metal pipe with a flaring-out nozzle which is provided with side holes, serves as an evaporator and is covered with refractory lining, the relation of the tuyere evaporator inside diameter in the section passing through the upper edge of the side holes to the evaporator height from the upper edge of the side holes to the point where the tuyere pipe opens into the evaporator being from 0.3 to 0.8.
- the present invention relates to a device for the treatment of molten cast iron and more specifically it relates to desulphurization, refining and inoculation of molten cast iron.
- a low concentration of magnesium in the air leads to heavy losses of magnesium due to its oxidation by the oxygen contained in the air.
- the nonuniformity of magnesium delivery into cast iron causes it to splash out of the vessel and clogging of the tuyere pipe at the point where it opens into the evaporator.
- An object of the invention lies in providing a device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels wherein the entire amount of cast iron in the vessel would be mixed intensively with magnesium vapours.
- Another object of the invention lies in providing a device for treatment of molten cast iron with magnesium vapours in which the cast iron would not be splashed out of the vessel and which would ensure a high degree of magnesium assimilation by the cast iron.
- a device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels wherein powdered magnesium is injected in a stream of carrier gas into molten metal through a tuyere with an evaporator.
- the rate of magnesium delivery is from 2 to 4.5 g/s-t.
- the concentration of magnesium in the carrier gas should be from 5 to kg/m.
- a device for the realization of the method comprising a feeder which supplies magnesium for the treatment of cast iron, a tuyere in the form of a pipe with a flaring-out nozzle which functions as an evaporator and has side holes for the escape of the magnesium vapours into molten cast iron, pipelines interconnecting the evaporator and tuyere with the source of compressed carrier gas which conveys magnesium into molten cast iron.
- this device renders it possible to disperse the magnesium vapours leaving the evaporator throughout the volume of the cast iron being treated which calms down the process of treatment (reducing the splashing out of metal from the vessel) and raises the degree of magnesium assimlation by the molten metal.
- the gas cushion formed in the evaporator by the vapours of magnesium and carrier gas protects the outlet opening of tuyere pipe against contact with the molten metal which reduces the danger of this opening being clogged in the course of treatment.
- An object of the invention resides in eliminating the aforesaid disadvantages.
- a device comprising a magnesium feeder, a tuyere in the form ofa pipe with a flaring-out nozzle which functions as an evaporator and has side holes for the escape of magnesium vapours into molten cast iron, pipelines interconnecting the feeder and the tuyere with a source of compressed carrier gas which conveys magnesium into molten cast iron.
- the relation of the inside diameter of the tuyere evaporator in the section passing through the upper edges of the side holes to the evaporator height from the edge of the side holes to the point where the tuyere pipe opens into the evaporator is from 0.3 to 0.8.
- the surface of molten metal is located at such a distance from the point where the tuyere pipe opens into the evaporator which rules out the clogging of the pipe with splashes of molten metal.
- the diameter of the evaporator ensures a sifficiently large volume of the latter, i.e., the volume of the space where magnesium is evaporated and where it vapours are accumulated in a quantity ensuring their uniform delivery into the molten metal through the side holes of the evaporator, without pulsations and bursts.
- the relation of the tuyere evaporator inside diameter in the section passing through the upper edge of the side holes to the inside dimeter of the tuyere pipe should be from 10 to 25.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for the realization of the method of treatment of molten cast iron in vessels according to the invention:
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are other designs of the evaporator in the tuyere of the device according to the invention.
- the device for the realization of the method of treatment of molten cast iron comprises a feeder 1 (FIG. 1) in the form of a metal pressure vessel from which magnesium is delivered into cast iron; a tuyere 2 in the form of a hollow metal pipe 4 (FIGS. 2 and 3) provided on the outside with refractory lining 3, having a flaring-out nozzle 5 (FIG. 2) and 5a (FIG. 3) with side holes 6 (FIG. 2) or 7 (FIG.
- said nozzle functioning as an evaporator; said tuyere is inserted into molten cast iron 9 contained in a ladle 8 for the time of magnesium injection the relation of the inside diameter D of the evaporator 5 or 50 at the section passing through the upper edge of the side holes 6 or 7 to the height H of the evaporator 5 or 5a from the upper edge of the side holes 6 or 7 to the point where the pipe 4 opens into the evaporator 5 or 5a being from 0.3 to 0.8; pipelines I0.
- a pipeline 10 connected to the source of compressed carrier gas and intended to supply gas into the pipelines l1 and 12, the pipeline 11 being connected to the evaporator l for filling it with the carrier gas required for conveying magnesium into the pipeline 12, while the pipeline 12 is connected directly to the tuyere 2 and is intended for delivering magnesium together with the carrier gas into the tuyere, the section of the pipeline 11 adjoining the feeder 1 and the section of the pipeline 12 adjoining the tuyere 2 being made of a flexible hose; a batchmeter 13 installed in the lower part of the feeder 1 and intended to ensure an accurately metered supply of magnesium from the feeder 1 into the pipeline 12 (the batchmeter may be of a cell, screw or air type, or of any other type capable of changing the rate of magnesium supply into the molten cast iron in the process of its treatment).
- a valve 14 is intended to cut off the entire device from the source of carrier gas; a valve 15 cuts off the feeder 1 from the source of carrier gas on completion of treatment, when loading magnesium into the feeder, etc., and controls the gas pressure in the feeder in the course of operation; a valve 16 cuts off the tuyere 2 from the source of carrier gas on completion of treatment and after withdrawing the tuyere 2 from metal 9; a valve 17 is intended for letting out the gas from the evaporator on completion of cast iron treatment and while loading magnesium into the feeder 1.
- Pressure regulators l8 and 19 maintain the preset pressure of carrier gas in the pipelines 11 and 12 in the course of operation.
- a flowmeter 23 mounted on the pipeline l0 measures the consumption of carrier gas required for the treatment of cast iron.
- the carrier gas can be either compressed air, nitrogen, or any other inert gas, e.g. argon.
- the carrier gas can be drawn from an industrial compressed air system of from such individual sources as compressors, bottles, etc.
- the device for the realization of the method of treatment of cast iron in vessels by injecting powdered magnesium in a stream of a carrier gas, according to the invention, on a special trestle under which the cast iron is treated, and to locate the trestle on the route by which the cast iron is conveyed from the point of melting to the point of its utilization, e.g. between the blast-furnace plant and the steel foundry or between the blast furnace plant and the pigcasting machine.
- the device operates as follows.
- the feeder 1 is loaded through pipe 25 (FIG. 1) with powdered magnesium by any conventional method (by pouring, by pneumatic conveyance, etc.).
- the carrier gas is delivered from the source (not shown) through the pipelines l0 and 11 into the feeder 1 while the pipeline l2 delivers the carrier gas into the tuyere 2. Meanwhile, the valves 14, 15 and 16 are open and the valve 17 is closed.
- the tuyere 2 is immersed into the vessel 8 with molten cast iron 9 sufficiently deep to ensure that the open end of the evaporator is quite close to the vessel bottom.
- the pressure of gas in the feeder l which depends on how deep the tuyere has been immersed into molten cast iron should be somewhat higher that the ferrostatic pressure of molten metal at the tuyere immersion depth.
- the batchmeter l3 After immersing the tuyere 2 into molten cast iron to the preset depth the batchmeter l3 admits magnesium from the feeder 1 into the pipeline 12 where the particles of magnesium are entrained by the stream of the carrier gas and delivered in the form of a gaspowder mixture through the pipe 4 of the tuyere 2 on to the surface of molten cast iron located in the lower part of space A of the evaporator 5 or 5a (FIGS. 2, 3).
- the magnesium melts and evaporates, its vapours are injected together with the carrier gas through the evaporator side holes 6 (FIG. 2) or 7 (FIG. 3) into the cast iron being treated where they interact with the components of the molten metal (sulphur, oxygen).
- Bubbles of magnesium and carrier gas vapours rising to the surface of the cast iron mix the latter which is conducive to better assimilation by the cast iron of magnesium and to cleaning of the molten metal of gases, nonmetallic inclusions and graphite.
- the rate of magnesium delivery can be changed by the batchmeter 13. If the process is sluggish (poor mixing of cast iron in the vessel) the magnesium delivery should be increased 5 and conversely, if the process 'of treatment is too violent, with metal splashing out of the vessel, the delivery of magnesium is decreased until splashing ceases.
- the preset pressure in the feeder l in the course of treatment can be maintained by the valve 15.
- the duration of treatment of cast iron with magnesium depends on the amount of metal in the vessel, the required quantity of magnesium per 1 ton of cast iron and the rate of magnesium delivery into the molten cast iron.
- the cast iron has been treated with granulated magnesium injected into the metal in a stream of compressed air, the treatment being preformed directly in molten cast iron transfer ladles which carry the cast iron from the blast furnace to the point of treatment.
- Magnesium has been introduced into the cast iron through a tuyere with an evaporator in which the relation ofits inside diameter in the section passing through the upper edge of the holes to its height from the upper edge of the holes to the point where the tuyere pipe opens into the evaporator has been 0.5.
- Cast iron has been treated with a view to achieve deep desulphurization (to a sulphur content not over 0.005 percent) and produce high-quality pig iron.
- the initial sulphur content in pigs before treatment has been 0.045 percent; oxygen content 0.011 percent.
- the cast iron has been treated under the conditions stipulated in the present invention: rate of magnesium delivery into cast iron 2.5 g/s-t, concentration of magnesium in air 6.0 kg/m.
- the consumption of magnesium per 1 t of cast iron has been 0.7 kg and the duration of treatment, 4.6 min.
- Cast iron has been treated under the conditions other than stipulated in the invention: rate of magnesium delivery into cast iron 1.2 g/s-t, concentration of magnesium in air 4.0 kg/m.
- the rated capacity of the ladle and the weight of metal in the ladle have been the same as in Example 1.
- the initial sulphur content in cast iron before treatment has been 0.040 percent, oxygen content 0.010 percent, amount of cast iron in the ladle 60 t (rated ladle capacity t).
- rate of magnesium delivery into cast iron has been 40 g/s-t, concentration of magnesium in the air delivered into the cast iron, 17.0 kg/m.
- the consumption of maagnesium has been 1.70 kg per 1 t of cast iron, the duration of treatment being 8.5 min.
- the ladle with cast iron After inoculation, the ladle with cast iron has been transferred into the iron foundry for casting ingot moulds.
- Example 2 proves that non-observance of the treatment conditions according to the invention impairs the results obtained, viz., deep desulphurization is not achieved and the degree of magnesium assimilation is sharply reduced.
- the method according to the invention renders it possible to treat large amounts of molten foundry iron with magnesium in metal lurgical industry since said method fits easily into the production process of metallurgical plants, is highly efficient and controllable, and is distinguished for simplicity and productivity.
- a device for treatment of molten cast iron with magnesium in vessels comprising: a feeder in the form of a pressure vessel which supplies magnesium for the treatment of cast iron; a tuyere in the form of a pipe connected with said feeder. having a flaring-out nozzle at one end acting like an evaporator and provided with side holes, said end of the tuyere with the evaporator being immersed into the molten cast iron for the supply of magnesium; the relation of the inside diameter of said evaporator in the section passing through the upper edge of the side holes to the height of said evaporator from the upper edge of said side holes to the point where the hole of the tuyere pipe opens into the evaporator is from 0.3 to 0.8; a pipeline connecting said tuyere with a source of compressed gas and with said evaporator; a pipeline connecting said feeder with a source of compressed gas whose pressure delivers magnesium from the feeder into said pipeline which connects said tuyere with the source of compressed gas, the magnesium being ent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE130023A BE798224A (fr) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-04-13 | Procede de traitement de la fonte liquide par le magnesium dans des capacites et dispositif pour le realiser |
FR7314868A FR2227326B1 (fr) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-04-24 | |
DE19732321495 DE2321495C3 (de) | 1973-04-27 | Verfahren zur Behandlung von flüssigem Roheisen durch Magnesium in Behältern und Einrichtung zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens | |
US391252A US3880411A (en) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-08-24 | Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels |
SE7405228A SE381283B (sv) | 1973-08-24 | 1974-04-18 | Sett att behandla smelt gjutjern med magnesium och anordning for utforande av settet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US391252A US3880411A (en) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-08-24 | Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3880411A true US3880411A (en) | 1975-04-29 |
Family
ID=23545891
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US391252A Expired - Lifetime US3880411A (en) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-08-24 | Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3880411A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE798224A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2227326B1 (fr) |
SE (1) | SE381283B (fr) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4341553A (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1982-07-27 | Gesellschaft Fur Huttenwerksanlagen Mbh | Method of, and cupola furnace for, the introduction of treatment agents into cupola iron melts |
US4705664A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1987-11-10 | Harbiuger Labs, Inc. | Radiant heat vaporizing injector |
WO1989004378A1 (fr) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-18 | Haigh Richard N | Procede et appareil de vaporisation a chaleur radiante |
WO1995027801A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-07 | 1995-10-19 | Ettore Bennati | Cloche de vaporisation servant a effectuer un traitement metalurgique dans des bains de fusion |
US5491279A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1996-02-13 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for top-charging solid waste into a molten metal bath |
WO1996021046A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-11 | Ettore Bennati | Procede et equipement de traitement dans des bains de fusion de fer coule au moyen de materiaux de reaction generant de faibles ou de grandes quantites de gaz |
WO2008023863A1 (fr) | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | Posco | Appareilet procédé d'insertion d'un ferro-alliage à absorption réduite d'oxygène et d'hydrogène |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2558263C3 (de) * | 1974-12-31 | 1979-04-12 | Institut Tschernoj Metallurgii, Dnepropetrowsk (Sowjetunion) | Verfahren zur Behandlung von flüssigem Roheisen durch Magnesium |
JPS52107218A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-09-08 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Desulfurization of molten pig iron outside furnace |
DE2822791C2 (de) * | 1977-05-26 | 1983-12-08 | Gruzinskij politechničeskij institut imeni V.I. Lenina, Tbilisi | Vorrichtung zum Einführen pulverförmiger Reagenzien mittels eines Trägergasstromes in eine Metallschmelze |
FR2450278A1 (fr) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-09-26 | Inst Chernoi Metallurgii | Procede de traitement de fonte liquide dans des recipients |
IT1117215B (it) * | 1979-05-04 | 1986-02-17 | Centro Speriment Metallurg | Sistema di desolforazione fuori forno di bagni metallici con granuli desolforanti di forma poliedrica con dimensioni spaziali controllate |
CN112404372B (zh) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-12-14 | 国铭铸管股份有限公司 | 一种球墨铸铁的包内控速旋流球化方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1019965A (en) * | 1908-07-27 | 1912-03-12 | William H Kelly | Treatment of metals. |
US2525973A (en) * | 1946-11-19 | 1950-10-17 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Apparatus for feeding solid material |
US2803533A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1957-08-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of injecting fluidized powders for metallurgical treatment |
US3080228A (en) * | 1960-08-03 | 1963-03-05 | Blackstone Corp | Process for the production of cast iron |
US3231371A (en) * | 1962-04-16 | 1966-01-25 | Combustion Eng | Cast iron resistant to heat growth and method for producing the same |
-
1973
- 1973-04-13 BE BE130023A patent/BE798224A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-04-24 FR FR7314868A patent/FR2227326B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-08-24 US US391252A patent/US3880411A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-04-18 SE SE7405228A patent/SE381283B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1019965A (en) * | 1908-07-27 | 1912-03-12 | William H Kelly | Treatment of metals. |
US2525973A (en) * | 1946-11-19 | 1950-10-17 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Apparatus for feeding solid material |
US2803533A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1957-08-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of injecting fluidized powders for metallurgical treatment |
US3080228A (en) * | 1960-08-03 | 1963-03-05 | Blackstone Corp | Process for the production of cast iron |
US3231371A (en) * | 1962-04-16 | 1966-01-25 | Combustion Eng | Cast iron resistant to heat growth and method for producing the same |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4341553A (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1982-07-27 | Gesellschaft Fur Huttenwerksanlagen Mbh | Method of, and cupola furnace for, the introduction of treatment agents into cupola iron melts |
US4705664A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1987-11-10 | Harbiuger Labs, Inc. | Radiant heat vaporizing injector |
WO1989004378A1 (fr) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-18 | Haigh Richard N | Procede et appareil de vaporisation a chaleur radiante |
US5491279A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1996-02-13 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for top-charging solid waste into a molten metal bath |
US5571486A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1996-11-05 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for top-charging solid waste into a molten metal bath |
WO1995027801A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-07 | 1995-10-19 | Ettore Bennati | Cloche de vaporisation servant a effectuer un traitement metalurgique dans des bains de fusion |
WO1996021046A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-11 | Ettore Bennati | Procede et equipement de traitement dans des bains de fusion de fer coule au moyen de materiaux de reaction generant de faibles ou de grandes quantites de gaz |
WO2008023863A1 (fr) | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | Posco | Appareilet procédé d'insertion d'un ferro-alliage à absorption réduite d'oxygène et d'hydrogène |
EP2054533A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-23 | 2009-05-06 | Posco Co., Ltd. | Appareilet procédé d'insertion d'un ferro-alliage à absorption réduite d'oxygène et d'hydrogène |
EP2054533A4 (fr) * | 2006-08-23 | 2009-12-30 | Posco Co Ltd | Appareilet procédé d'insertion d'un ferro-alliage à absorption réduite d'oxygène et d'hydrogène |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE7405228L (sv) | 1975-10-20 |
FR2227326B1 (fr) | 1976-11-12 |
FR2227326A1 (fr) | 1974-11-22 |
DE2321495A1 (de) | 1974-11-07 |
DE2321495B2 (de) | 1976-04-01 |
BE798224A (fr) | 1973-10-15 |
SE381283B (sv) | 1975-12-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3880411A (en) | Device for treatment of molten cast iron in vessels | |
CA1165128A (fr) | Reacteur de brassage et son emploi pour l'apport de solides a un bain de metal en fusion | |
JPS5942046B2 (ja) | 溶融鉄金属の脱硫方法 | |
US3356489A (en) | Method and apparatus for treating metallic melts | |
CN104561452B (zh) | 一种底喷粉单嘴真空脱气精炼钢液的装置及方法 | |
US4298192A (en) | Method of introducing powdered reagents into molten metals and apparatus for effecting same | |
CA1096633A (fr) | Traitement en continu de la fonte ductile | |
US4093452A (en) | Refining liquid metal | |
US3511490A (en) | Apparatus for introducing addition agent into molten steel | |
US2950186A (en) | Method for top blowing pulverulent burnt lime and oxygen into cast iron for refining same | |
US4484731A (en) | Method and apparatus for continuously treating molten metal | |
US4767036A (en) | Apparatus and method for emptying metallurgical vessels containing metal and slag | |
US4232854A (en) | Method of introducing powdered reagents into molten metals and apparatus for effecting same | |
EP0137618A2 (fr) | Procédé et appareil pour introduire du calcium dans un bain de fer fondu | |
US3192037A (en) | Desulfurization method | |
JPS5943528B2 (ja) | ヨウキナイデヨウテツオシヨウフウロガイシヨリスルホウホウ | |
US4054275A (en) | Continuous stream treatment of ductile iron | |
US3807989A (en) | Refining hematite pig iron | |
EP0268632B1 (fr) | Ameliorations dans la production de l'acier | |
US4723763A (en) | Device for continuous injection under low pressure of a powdered additive into a stream of molten metal | |
JPS61115655A (ja) | 低融点金属の溶鋼への添加方法 | |
US3800630A (en) | Procedure and installation for continuous steel making | |
US3275244A (en) | Apparatus for introducing addition agent into a melt | |
US4033766A (en) | Continuous stream treatment of ductile iron | |
JPH01252716A (ja) | 溶融金属内への粉体吹込方法および粉体吹込用ランス |