US3878961A - Child resistant closures - Google Patents

Child resistant closures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3878961A
US3878961A US429463A US42946373A US3878961A US 3878961 A US3878961 A US 3878961A US 429463 A US429463 A US 429463A US 42946373 A US42946373 A US 42946373A US 3878961 A US3878961 A US 3878961A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cap
caps
skirt
inner cap
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US429463A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Joseph Curry
Carl William Lange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Illinois Tool Works Inc
Original Assignee
Illinois Tool Works Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Illinois Tool Works Inc filed Critical Illinois Tool Works Inc
Priority to US429463A priority Critical patent/US3878961A/en
Priority to CA211,972A priority patent/CA1022109A/en
Priority to AU75360/74A priority patent/AU7536074A/en
Priority to DE19742454386 priority patent/DE2454386A1/de
Priority to JP49138547A priority patent/JPS5097475A/ja
Priority to BR10168/74A priority patent/BR7410168A/pt
Priority to FR7443178A priority patent/FR2256082A1/fr
Priority to ES433374A priority patent/ES433374A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3878961A publication Critical patent/US3878961A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D50/00—Closures with means for discouraging unauthorised opening or removal thereof, with or without indicating means, e.g. child-proof closures
    • B65D50/02—Closures with means for discouraging unauthorised opening or removal thereof, with or without indicating means, e.g. child-proof closures openable or removable by the combination of plural actions
    • B65D50/04—Closures with means for discouraging unauthorised opening or removal thereof, with or without indicating means, e.g. child-proof closures openable or removable by the combination of plural actions requiring the combination of simultaneous actions, e.g. depressing and turning, lifting and turning, maintaining a part and turning another one
    • B65D50/041—Closures with means for discouraging unauthorised opening or removal thereof, with or without indicating means, e.g. child-proof closures openable or removable by the combination of plural actions requiring the combination of simultaneous actions, e.g. depressing and turning, lifting and turning, maintaining a part and turning another one the closure comprising nested inner and outer caps or an inner cap and an outer coaxial annular member, which can be brought into engagement to enable removal by rotation

Definitions

  • the closure'assembly including an inner cap and an overcap rotatable relative to the inner cap in unscrewing direction, as counterclockwise, except with selected pressure applied by an adult to effect interengagement between the two caps for opening movement thereof in unison permitting intentional access to the container contents; and the closure assembly having improved top drive interengagement between the caps in the closing direction, as clockwise, for use in capping machines applying a relatively high torque for effectively sealing the containers in hermetic fashion without tendency for the interengaged drive to frictionally weld or set under the applied torque and permit. as a result thereof, opening rotation of the closure assembly and rendering of the safety features inoperative for the intended purpose.
  • the present invention is concerned with a safety closure assembly formed 'of suitable plastic material. preferably aresilient material, and including an internally threaded inner cap and an overcap with engageable driving abutments between the tops of the caps brought into operation byautomatic capping machines applying relatively high torque to threadedly engage the closure assembly with a bottle or other container for hermetically sealing the same with provision made for guarding against jamming or fixation between the driving abutments under the applied torque so as to insure proper functioning of adult manipulation of the overcap to effect engagement thereof with the inner cap for turning the two caps as a unit assembly in a counterclockwise direction for unscrewing the same for the container.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a threaded safety closure assembly of the double cap type which may be initially applied to a container under relatively high torque for hermetic sealing by automatic capping machines without affecting the later functioning of safety opening by manipulation of the overcap to effect opening rotation of the closure assembly.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a safety closure assembly of the above type with interengageable driving abutment means between the top of the two caps and through which the caps are rotated in unison in the closing direction by the capping machines but with the abutment means relieved along their trailing surfaces to present only substantially line contact with the adjacent surfaces of the inner cap and overcap, respectively, thus reducing to a minimum frictional surface engagement which might tend to set under storage conditions or under high top loading and handling conditions.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a safety closure of the above type wherein the cap skirts are provided with interengaging means upon pressure application to "the overcap skirt for opening rotation of the closure assembly and with permissive trapped axial movement of the overcap relative to the inner cap upon opening direction rotation of the overcap relative to the inner with the driving abutments ratcheting by one another.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, showing one form of closure assembly in sealed position on a bottle;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the inner cap
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2, of the inner cap;
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view, partly in section, of the overcap
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the axially elevated position of the overcap as the driving abutments ratchet by one another upon opening direction rotation of the overcap relative to the inner cap;
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a modified form of overcap
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view, partly in section, showing the overcap of FIG. 6 in the closure assembly in sealed position on a bottle, and
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view, similar to FIG. 5, showing the axially elevated position of the closure assembly of FIG. 7.
  • the closure assembly is shown applied to a bottle 10 (FIG. ll) having a neck portion 12 with external threads 14.
  • the safety closure assembly includes an inner cap 16 nested within an outer or overcap 18 formed of suitable materials such as metals or plastics.
  • a plastic such as polypropylene was used for the inner cap and a resilient material such as polyethylene was used for the outer cap.
  • the inner cap includes a top closing wall 20 with the inner surface recessed to receivea suitable sealing disc or liner 22 of pulp and vinylite adhered therein and adapted to hermetically seal the bottleby engagement with the lip: of the bottle neck 12.
  • the inner cap has a depending skirt or flange 24 terminating in an outward shoulder 26 which need not be peripherally continuous and the inner surface of the skirt is provided with thread formations 28 cooperating with the threads 14 on the bottle neck.
  • the outer surface of the skirt 24 is provided with circumferentially spaced vertically extending ribs 25 serving as teeth for engagement with cooperating means on the outer cap as will be explained.
  • the outer surface of the closing wall 20 is provided with a peripheral upstanding rib'30 serving as the primary support for the outer cap, and upstanding spaced lugs or teeth 32 which serve as driving abutment means for tightening the: inner cap in the closing direction of rotation thereof as will be described hereinafter.
  • These driving lugs or teeth may vary in number and circumferential spacing and each is provided with a substantially vertical abutment surface 32a and a curved downwardly or otherwise relieved leading surface 32b as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the outer or overcap 18 has atop closing wall 34 and a depending peripheral skirt or flange 36 with a lower wall portion 38 of lesser thickness and more resiliency which terminates in an inwardly projecting shoulder 40 which need not be peripherally continuous and which normally underlies the shoulder 26 on the skirt of the inner cap.
  • the inner surface of the top closing wall 34 of the overcap is provided with dependent spaced driving lugs or teeth 42 cooperating with the lugs 32 on the inner cap and each lug 42 is shaped similarly to-the lugs 32 but in opposite direction, that is, with a vertical abutment surface 420 and relieved trailing surface 42b.
  • Sections at the periphery of the top closing wall 34 of the overcap are weakened as by reducing the cross section thereof for upward bowing or by cutting away narrow arcuate sections to provide slots 44 (FIG. 4) and similarly located sections of the skirt 36 arereduced in thickness, as at 46.
  • This reduced thickness wall section 46 is provided with internal vertically extending ribs or teeth 48 to cooperate with the teeth 25 on the inner cap as will be explained.
  • the reduced wall section 46 is provided with outer vertical finger grip ribs 50.
  • the inner cap is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and need not be further described.
  • the outer or overcap 18a is similar to the overcap 18 in its inclusion of a top closing wall 34a with driving lugs 42, a depending skirt36a and weakened wall section 38a terminating in an inward shoulder 40a.
  • the skirt 36a differs in that the cut out slots are omitted and the inner wall surface is provided with a circumferentially continuous array of spaced vertical teeth 54 for cooperation with the teeth 25 on the inner cap and the skirt may thus be squeezed. at any diametrically opposed surface areas and the external surface of the skirt 36a may be knurled or provided with vertical finger grip ribs 56 facilitating:manipulation.
  • the closure of either form is assembled by snapping together the innerwcap and the overcap during which action thei'inward; shoulders 40 of the overcap 18 and 40a of the overcapl8a will spread and then snap back beneath .the shoulders 38, 38a respectively, on the inner caps. This will position the teeth 25 on the inner cap.16 inwardly of the teeth 48 on the outer cap 18 per -mitting relative rotation in a counterclockwise direction of the overcap (FIG. 1). Likewise, the teeth 25 of the inner cap will be spaced inwardly of the teeth 54 of the overcap 18a (FIG. 7).
  • the overcaps will rest essentially in line-contact with the ribs 30 of the inner :caps'althoughthere may be light line contact, with botltleszresting-one upon another in shelf storage or stacked in cases in warehouse storage, between the lower edges of the vertical faces 42a of the driving lugs 42 and the .topof the inner cap, and the upper edges of the vertical faces 32a of the driving lugs 32 with the undersurface of the'overcap, such line contact being provided by the relieved surfaces 32b and 42b of the lugs 32, 42, respectively-Thus, there is little tendency for any frictional setting at these line contacts due to storage or other conditions and substantially all planar surface contact is eliminated.
  • Reclosing of the container is accomplished by clockwise rotation of the overcap bringing the vertical surfaces 32a, 42a of the teeth 32, 42, respectively, into driving contact for threading the closure to the container and clamping the sealing disc 22 against the lip of the container.
  • the top closing wall thereof may be formed of sufficient flexibility to bulge and permit engagement between the teeth 25 and 48 for opening movement of the closure.
  • Operation of the form of closure shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 is essentially the same as described above, except that the skirt 36a of the overcap may be gripped at any diametrical areas for causing engagement between the teeth 54 on the overcap and the teeth 25 on the inner cap.
  • the top closing wall of the overcap may be given such flexibility as to contribute to the permissive vertical up and down movement of the overcap relative to the inner cap and the thickness of the skirt sections 46 of the overcap 18 may be varied to require greater or less inward pressure to effect interengagement between the teeth 48 and 25 and the flexibility of the skirt 36a of the overcap 18a may be varied for the same purposes.
  • the containers are closed and sealed in automatic capping machines which apply relatively high torque to the overcap resulting in the vertical driving faces 42a of the teeth 42 on the overcap abutting the vertical faces 32a of the teeth 32 on the inner cap and rotating the caps to thread the closure assembly to the container with tight compression of the disc 22 against the lip of the container for hermetically sealing the same.
  • the driving lugs 32 and 42 are constructed to resist any tendency toward stripping thereof under the applied high torque.
  • the substantially vertical abutment surfaces 32a and 42a tend to prevent any overriding and bypassing of the lugs during the capping machine closing and the relieved surfaces 32b and 42b serve to back up the abutting surfaces and resist any tendency toward stripping.
  • the relieved surfaces enter into the permissive counterclockwise rotation of the outer cap as described above.
  • the cap will function properly on the application thereof to a container and the removal thereof.
  • the higher the applied force the greater the tendency toward stripping or ratcheting of the driving lugs.
  • the top of the inner cap tends to distort upwardly which the capping machine head tends to keep the top of the overcap down, thus the top portionsare maintained together and the abutting faces of the driving lugs are held in place with little or no tendency to ratchet or pop out of driving position.
  • a safety closure assembly for a container having thread-like formations below the container lip comprising an inner cap with a top closing wall to be sealed against the container lip and a depending skirt with external vertical rib means providing teeth and with internal thread-like formations cooperable with the thread-like formations on the container for closing and sealing the container upon rotation in one direction and for opening the container upon rotation in the opposite direction; and an outer cap with a top wall overlying the top wall of the inner cap and a depending skirt encircling the depending skirt of the inner cap and having internal rib means providing teeth normally spaced outwardly from the teeth on the skirt of the inner cap to permit rotation of the outer cap relative to the inner cap in the opening direction of rotation; means trapping the outer cap on the inner cap with permissive relative vertical movement between the top walls of the inner and outer caps; the adjacent enclosed wall surfaces of the inner and outer caps having the major portions thereof spaced apart a certain distance, circumferentially spaced projecting lugs integrally formed on the opposed adjacent enclosed wall surfaces of said inner and outer caps with initially engage
  • the trapping means between the inner and outer caps comprises cooperating shoulder means at the free edges of the cap skirts spaced axially apart a distance to assist in the vertical movement of the outer cap and top wall during ratcheting of the lugs as the outer cap is rotated in the opening direction independently of the inner cap.
  • cooperating shoulder means includes inwardly projecting shoulders at the free edge of the skirt of the outer cap resiliently maintained in position below shoulder means at the free edge of the skirt on the inner cap.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
US429463A 1973-12-28 1973-12-28 Child resistant closures Expired - Lifetime US3878961A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429463A US3878961A (en) 1973-12-28 1973-12-28 Child resistant closures
CA211,972A CA1022109A (en) 1973-12-28 1974-10-22 Child resistant closures
AU75360/74A AU7536074A (en) 1973-12-28 1974-11-14 Closures
DE19742454386 DE2454386A1 (de) 1973-12-28 1974-11-16 Sicherheitsverschluss
JP49138547A JPS5097475A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-28 1974-12-04
BR10168/74A BR7410168A (pt) 1973-12-28 1974-12-05 Conjunto de bujao de seguranca
FR7443178A FR2256082A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-28 1974-12-27
ES433374A ES433374A1 (es) 1973-12-28 1974-12-27 Conjunto de cierre de seguridad para un recipiente.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429463A US3878961A (en) 1973-12-28 1973-12-28 Child resistant closures

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3878961A true US3878961A (en) 1975-04-22

Family

ID=23703362

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US429463A Expired - Lifetime US3878961A (en) 1973-12-28 1973-12-28 Child resistant closures

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3878961A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5097475A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU7536074A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7410168A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1022109A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2454386A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES433374A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2256082A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946890A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-03-30 Closures Industries Inc. Child proof closure
DE3211150A1 (de) * 1982-03-26 1983-10-06 Zeller Plastik Koehn Graebner Kindersicherer druck-dreh-verschluss
US4480759A (en) * 1981-08-04 1984-11-06 Lever Brothers Company Child-proof closure
US4705181A (en) * 1986-09-05 1987-11-10 Kiwi Brands, Inc. Safety cap for containers of liquids
US4854459A (en) * 1988-11-18 1989-08-08 Primary Delivery Systems, Inc. Convertible childproof/non-childproof cap and container
US4991729A (en) * 1989-04-18 1991-02-12 Hunter Robert M Elder-accessible child-resistant packaging
US5280842A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-01-25 Kerr Group, Inc. Low reverse torque closure assembly
US5477989A (en) * 1994-10-28 1995-12-26 Afa Products, Inc. Child resistant nozzle cover
US5609262A (en) * 1995-09-22 1997-03-11 Rieke Corporation Tamper evident, child-resistant closure
US6158604A (en) * 1996-11-15 2000-12-12 Constancio Larguia, Sr. Container safety cap with safety seal and combination of such a cap with a container
ES2199699A1 (es) * 2003-10-24 2004-02-16 Plastivit Sa Perfeccionamientos en tapones de seguridad para botellas.
EP1263657A4 (en) * 2000-03-16 2004-11-17 Pechiney Plastic Packaging Inc MOLDED LOCK WITH FLEXIBLE ZONES AND MANUFACTURING METHODS THEREOF
US20060124501A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-15 Mcneely Kevin Dosage reminder cap
WO2011071771A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Rexam Closure Systems Inc. Child-resistant closure shell, closure, and package
WO2014078501A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Amcor Limited Child resistant tip closure assembly with finger spring
US20170081089A1 (en) * 2015-09-22 2017-03-23 Pepsico, Inc. Container closure with over-cap device
US10370161B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2019-08-06 Amcor Rigid Plastics Usa, Llc Child resistant tip closure assembly with diaphragm
US20220153484A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 Gaplast Gmbh Stopper for a container

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5546595Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-01-23 1980-10-31
TR28622A (tr) * 1991-07-30 1996-11-15 Wellcome Found Bir farmasötik müstahzar kabina mahsus kapak.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3679085A (en) * 1971-04-16 1972-07-25 Sunbeam Plastics Corp Child-proof cap for medicine bottles
US3830390A (en) * 1972-03-22 1974-08-20 Sunbeam Plastics Corp Safety closure for medicine bottles or the like

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3679085A (en) * 1971-04-16 1972-07-25 Sunbeam Plastics Corp Child-proof cap for medicine bottles
US3830390A (en) * 1972-03-22 1974-08-20 Sunbeam Plastics Corp Safety closure for medicine bottles or the like

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946890A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-03-30 Closures Industries Inc. Child proof closure
AT404582B (de) * 1981-08-04 1998-12-28 Unilever Nv Kindersicherer druck-dreh-verschluss
US4480759A (en) * 1981-08-04 1984-11-06 Lever Brothers Company Child-proof closure
DE3211150A1 (de) * 1982-03-26 1983-10-06 Zeller Plastik Koehn Graebner Kindersicherer druck-dreh-verschluss
US4705181A (en) * 1986-09-05 1987-11-10 Kiwi Brands, Inc. Safety cap for containers of liquids
US4854459A (en) * 1988-11-18 1989-08-08 Primary Delivery Systems, Inc. Convertible childproof/non-childproof cap and container
US4991729A (en) * 1989-04-18 1991-02-12 Hunter Robert M Elder-accessible child-resistant packaging
US5280842A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-01-25 Kerr Group, Inc. Low reverse torque closure assembly
US5477989A (en) * 1994-10-28 1995-12-26 Afa Products, Inc. Child resistant nozzle cover
US5609262A (en) * 1995-09-22 1997-03-11 Rieke Corporation Tamper evident, child-resistant closure
US5749484A (en) * 1995-09-22 1998-05-12 Rieke Corporation Tamper-evident child-resistant closure
US6158604A (en) * 1996-11-15 2000-12-12 Constancio Larguia, Sr. Container safety cap with safety seal and combination of such a cap with a container
EP1263657A4 (en) * 2000-03-16 2004-11-17 Pechiney Plastic Packaging Inc MOLDED LOCK WITH FLEXIBLE ZONES AND MANUFACTURING METHODS THEREOF
ES2199699B1 (es) * 2003-10-24 2005-10-16 Plastivit, S.A. Perfeccionamientos en tapones de seguridad para botellas.
ES2199699A1 (es) * 2003-10-24 2004-02-16 Plastivit Sa Perfeccionamientos en tapones de seguridad para botellas.
US20060124501A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-15 Mcneely Kevin Dosage reminder cap
CN102834332B (zh) * 2009-12-11 2015-11-25 雷克萨姆保健包装公司 儿童防护封闭件壳体、封闭件和包装件
WO2011071771A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Rexam Closure Systems Inc. Child-resistant closure shell, closure, and package
US20110139742A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Brian John Brozell Child-resistant closure shell, closure, and package
CN102834332A (zh) * 2009-12-11 2012-12-19 雷克萨姆保健包装公司 儿童防护封闭件壳体、封闭件和包装件
US8534476B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2013-09-17 Rexam Healthcare Packaging Inc. Child-resistant closure shell, closure, and package
WO2014078501A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Amcor Limited Child resistant tip closure assembly with finger spring
US10046890B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2018-08-14 Amcor Group Gmbh Child resistant tip closure assembly with finger spring
US10370161B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2019-08-06 Amcor Rigid Plastics Usa, Llc Child resistant tip closure assembly with diaphragm
US20170081089A1 (en) * 2015-09-22 2017-03-23 Pepsico, Inc. Container closure with over-cap device
WO2017052968A1 (en) * 2015-09-22 2017-03-30 Pepsico, Inc. Container closure with over-cap device
US10604312B2 (en) 2015-09-22 2020-03-31 Pepsico, Inc. Container closure with over-cap device
RU2729349C2 (ru) * 2015-09-22 2020-08-06 Пепсико, Инк. Укупорочное средство для емкости с использованием насадки для колпачка
US20220153484A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 Gaplast Gmbh Stopper for a container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES433374A1 (es) 1976-12-01
CA1022109A (en) 1977-12-06
AU7536074A (en) 1976-05-20
FR2256082A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-07-25
BR7410168A (pt) 1976-06-08
DE2454386A1 (de) 1975-07-10
JPS5097475A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-08-02

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