US3875301A - Useful tetraalkyl diamides in the treatment of poison ivy - Google Patents
Useful tetraalkyl diamides in the treatment of poison ivy Download PDFInfo
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- US3875301A US3875301A US465527A US46552774A US3875301A US 3875301 A US3875301 A US 3875301A US 465527 A US465527 A US 465527A US 46552774 A US46552774 A US 46552774A US 3875301 A US3875301 A US 3875301A
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- compound
- poison ivy
- tetraalkyl
- carbon atoms
- aliphatic hydrocarbon
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- 241000159243 Toxicodendron radicans Species 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 150000001470 diamides Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003481 dermatitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000002419 toxicodendron dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 17
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 16
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- RMTXUPIIESNLPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydroxy-3-(pentadeca-8,11-dienyl)benzene Natural products CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O RMTXUPIIESNLPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QARRXYBJLBIVAK-UEMSJJPVSA-N 3-[(8e,11e)-pentadeca-8,11-dienyl]benzene-1,2-diol;3-[(8e,11e)-pentadeca-8,11,14-trienyl]benzene-1,2-diol;3-[(8e,11e,13e)-pentadeca-8,11,13-trienyl]benzene-1,2-diol;3-[(e)-pentadec-8-enyl]benzene-1,2-diol;3-pentadecylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O.CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O.CCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O.C\C=C\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O.OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CC=C)=C1O QARRXYBJLBIVAK-UEMSJJPVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IYROWZYPEIMDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-n-pentadec-8,11,13-trienyl catechol Natural products CC=CC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O IYROWZYPEIMDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 6
- DQTMTQZSOJMZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N urushiol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O DQTMTQZSOJMZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 5
- RCWUFNWXCIKHPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylbutanediamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)CCC(=O)N(C)C RCWUFNWXCIKHPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 5
- SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(N)=O SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 3
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003399 Arthropod bite Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000003910 Baronia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMTGXDAKINWIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.N.N.N Chemical compound N.N.N.N PMTGXDAKINWIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- -1 catechol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000676 disease causative agent Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208223 Anacardiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010042496 Sunburn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000159241 Toxicodendron Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003212 astringent agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940105847 calamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000223 dermal penetration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052864 hemimorphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000622 irritating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940074928 isopropyl myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003589 local anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dihydroxy-benzene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000046 skin rash Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn+2] CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/42—Amides
Definitions
- each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the present invention relates to a method for alleviating the itching and clearing the rash on warmblooded animals. e.g.. humans. exposed to poison ivy. More particularly. the present invention is directed to a method for treating poison ivy through the use of certain tetraalkyl diamides.
- US. Pat. No. 3.632.783 discloses the use of tetraalkyl diamides of this invention for obtaining relief from mosquito bites on humans.
- these tetraalkyl diamides could be used in alleviating the dermatitis associated with poison ivy.
- the irritant which causes the itching following a mosquito bite is not the irritant which causes the dermatitis following contact with the above-identified plants. responsible for poison ivy.
- the compound dimethylacetamidc has been used in the treatment of the inflammation associated with arthritis.
- this inflammation is not even remotely related to that observed in individuals suffering from "poison ivy.
- the origin of inflammation in each case is totally unrelated. In fact. to date. it is questionable as to the origin of arthritis.
- each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from I to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from O to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from O to 22 carbon atoms.
- the approach is novel from the standpoint that the therapeutic agent does not at all attempt to degrade urushiol but rather. it forms a molecular complex having properties which are different than the parent structure. and consequently. reduces its ability to illicit the typical dermatitis response noted after poison ivy contact.
- the substituent *R includes any straight or branched chain or cyclo derivative within the definition of the same.
- the substituent R is essentially a straight-chain moiety. though chains with a hydroxy substituent are also equivalent.
- isomers of these acids can also be employed. for instance. iso-sebacic acid. isoglutaric. iso-adipic. etc.
- tricarboxylic acids, such as tricarballie acid are equivalent. as are acids which include a hydroxy group. such as ricinoleic acid.
- N.N.N.N-tetramethyl adipamide N.N.N.N-tetramethyl glutaramide N.N.N'.N'-tetramethyl sebacamide N.N.N'.N-tetramethyl succinamide
- diamides which may also be used include:
- the tetraalkyl diamides of this invention are preferably applied as a solution (normally, l95'/(, but preferably 25/( in water,
- solution is meant to include a water-miscible alcohol solution, such as isoof adipic propyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol, or the alcohol may be used undiluted.
- the solution is applied in any suitable manner, e.g., by spraying or swabbing the dermatitic area.
- the tetraalkyl diamides of this invention may be applied in the form of any other topical pharmaceutical form, such as a powder, paste, salve, ointment, aerosol spray, etc.
- Freon l4 carbon lctral'luoride lreon 3 l X (()etaflurocyelobutancl. Freon 1 l4 ((ryofluoraneJ. etc.
- Formulation Number 4 Ointment N.N.N'.N-tetrameth)'l succinamide l Petrolatum USP t s EXAMPLE II (in Vivo Studies)
- a topical aerosol formulation, in accordance with Formulation Number 3 of Example I above was prepared.
- the concentration of tetramethylsuccinamide in the formulation was 5 percent.
- the halogenated hydrocarbon propellant employed was a conventional propellant, *Freon ll-l2 (50/50). *A 50/50 mixture of Freon I1 and Freon 12.
- the aerosol was applied to dermatitic areas resulting from poison ivy contact on human volunteers of both sexes. Within 24 to 36 hours following application, dramatic reduction in the dermatitis of each individual treated was observed.
- the tetraalkyl diamide compounds of this invention are highly water soluble and a finite affinity for the organic phase. These characteristics permit dermal penetration without significant systemic absorption. in addition, the topical LD of these compounds is relatively high. For instance, the compound, N,N,N.N- tetramcthyl succinamide gave a topical LD of 2000 mg./Kg. when applied to denuded rabbits.
- a method of reducing poison ivy dermatitis on a warm-blooded animal which comprises applying to the dermatitic area, an effective amount of a compound of the formula:
- each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group olfrom I to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from I to (a carbon atoms. and wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of l'r'om to 22 carbon atoms.
- said propellant is a 50/50 mixture of triehlorotluoromethane and dichlorodil'luoromethane.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The relief from poison ivy on warm-blooded animals is obtained by applying to the surface of the affected area, a tetraalkyl diamide of the formula:
WHEREIN EACH R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein R1 represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms.
WHEREIN EACH R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein R1 represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms.
Description
United States Patent [1 1 [111 3,875,301 Windheuser Apr. 1, 1975 USEFUL TETRAALKYL DIAMINES IN THE Primary Examiner-Albert T. Meyers TREATMENT OF POISON IVY [75] Inventor: John J. Windheuser, Lawrence,
Kans.
[73] Assignee: Interx Research Corporation,
Lawrence, Kans.
[22] Filed: Apr. 30, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 465,527
[52] U.S. Cl 424/45, 424/320 [51] Int. Cl. A6lk 27/00, A611 23/00 [58] Field of Search 424/320, 45
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,288,794 11/1966 Kuceski 260/56] R 3,312,620 4/1967 Low et al..... 260/561 R 3,417,114 12/1968 Kuceski 260/557 3.632.783 1/1972 Stonis 424/320 Assistant ExaminerNorman A. Drezin' Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Charles N. Blitzer [57] ABSTRACT The relief from poison ivy on warm-blooded animals is obtained by applying to the surface of the affected area, a tetraalkyl diamide of the formula:
0 0 'R 11 11 /R R N-C-R -C-N R wherein each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms.
11 Claims, No Drawings USEFUL TETRAALKYI. DIAMINES IN THE TREATMENT OF POISON IVY BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for alleviating the itching and clearing the rash on warmblooded animals. e.g.. humans. exposed to poison ivy. More particularly. the present invention is directed to a method for treating poison ivy through the use of certain tetraalkyl diamides. I I
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART It is well known to those versed in the art and science of medicine that subsequent to exposure. either by direct contact or from the volatile oils of the plant Rhus (Toxicodendron L.) and other plants of the Rhus species (Anacardiaceae) an annoying dermatitis appears. This dermatitis takes the form of an itching rash which subsequently develops into a running itching area. It appears that the reaction is an allergic response to an irritant catechol compound known as urushiol. a volatile oil found in the above-identified plants. The chemical structure for urushiol can be found in Merck Index. p. 1098 (Eighth Ed.).
To date. numerous therapeutic formulations have evolved for the treatment of poison ivy. such as treatment with strong alkaline soaps. the use of astringents and drying agents. such as calamine. the use of topical application of anti-histamines. and the use of zirconium salts. However. none of the above therapeutic measures have been truly found to'be effective in treating the patient either prior to or following exposure to the poison ivy irritant. Moreover, none of the above measures are directed at the causative agent of the dermatitis associated with poison ivy.
US. Pat. No. 3.632.783 discloses the use of tetraalkyl diamides of this invention for obtaining relief from mosquito bites on humans. However. there is no disclosure or suggestion by the patentee to the effect that these tetraalkyl diamides could be used in alleviating the dermatitis associated with poison ivy. Moreover. the irritant which causes the itching following a mosquito bite is not the irritant which causes the dermatitis following contact with the above-identified plants. responsible for poison ivy.
The compound dimethylacetamidc has been used in the treatment of the inflammation associated with arthritis. However. this inflammation is not even remotely related to that observed in individuals suffering from "poison ivy. Obviously. the origin of inflammation in each case is totally unrelated. In fact. to date. it is questionable as to the origin of arthritis.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is the primary object of this invention to provide a new and novel approach to the treatment of the poison ivy dermatitis found on warm-blooded animals. e.g. humans by actually eancelling out the irritant effect produced by the compound known as urushiol.
The above object is obtained by applying to the dermatitic area of a patient afflicted with poison ivy. a tetraalkyl diamide of the formula:
wherein each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from I to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein R, represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from O to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from O to 22 carbon atoms.
Specifically. it has now been found that the use of any one of the above-identified compounds significantly reduces the dermatitis associated with poison ivy. The reduction in the dermatitis is due to the interaction of the tetraalkyl diamide with urushiol to alter the physiological activity of the latter.
The approach is novel from the standpoint that the therapeutic agent does not at all attempt to degrade urushiol but rather. it forms a molecular complex having properties which are different than the parent structure. and consequently. reduces its ability to illicit the typical dermatitis response noted after poison ivy contact.
With respect to the above-identified generic formula. the following remarks for purposes of clarification are deemed pertinent. The substituent *R includes any straight or branched chain or cyclo derivative within the definition of the same. The substituent R, is essentially a straight-chain moiety. though chains with a hydroxy substituent are also equivalent.
Consequently. one may use a diamide of oxalic. malonic. succinic. glutarie. maleic. adipie. pimclic. suberic. azelaie. sebacic. undecanoic. dodecanoic. octadecylic. or eicosanoic acid. etc.. provided the total number of carbon atoms in the diamide do not exceed about 20. In addition. isomers of these acids can also be employed. for instance. iso-sebacic acid. isoglutaric. iso-adipic. etc. Moreover. tricarboxylic acids, such as tricarballie acid are equivalent. as are acids which include a hydroxy group. such as ricinoleic acid.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION While all the compounds encompassed within the above generic formula are suitable for the purposes of this invention. the following are preferred:
N.N.N.N-tetramethyl adipamide N.N.N.N-tetramethyl glutaramide N.N.N'.N'-tetramethyl sebacamide N.N.N'.N-tetramethyl succinamide Other diamides which may also be used include:
N.N.N'.N'-tetrabutyldiamide of oxalic acid N.N.N.N-tetra-n-butyldiamide of malonie acid N.N-dibutynylamidc-N.N-diallylamide of malonic acid N.N-din-butylamide-N'.N'-diethylamide of succinic acid N.N-dimethylamide-N.N'-dibutylamide of succinic acid N.N.N'.N'-tetramethyldiamides of iso-glutaric acid N.N.N'.N-tetraallyldiamide of glutaric acid N.N-dimcthylamide-N.N-dibutylamide of glutaric acid N.N-di(methylethyl)-N.N'-dimethylamide of adipic acid N.N.N.N'-tetramethyldiamides of iso-adipie acid N,N-dimethylamide-N,N'-dibutylamide acid N,N-dimethyl-N,N'-dihcxyldiamide of pimelic acid N,N,N,N-tetraisopropyldiamide of azelaic acid N,N-dimethyl-N',N'-dihexyldiamide of azelaic acid N,N,N,N-tetraallyldiamide of azclaic acid N,N-di-n-butyl-N,N'-dihexylamide of sebacic acid N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldiamide of iso-sebacic acid N,N,N',N'-tetraisopropyldiamidc of brassylic acid The compounds of this invention may be prepared according to the established synthesis procedure set forth in US. Pat, No. 3,417,114 and/or US. Pat. No. 3,288,794, the subject matter of which, insofar as it pertains to the preparation of such compounds, is ineorporated herein by reference.
The tetraalkyl diamides of this invention are preferably applied as a solution (normally, l95'/(, but preferably 25/( in water, The term solution" is meant to include a water-miscible alcohol solution, such as isoof adipic propyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol, or the alcohol may be used undiluted. The solution is applied in any suitable manner, e.g., by spraying or swabbing the dermatitic area. Alternatively, the tetraalkyl diamides of this invention may be applied in the form of any other topical pharmaceutical form, such as a powder, paste, salve, ointment, aerosol spray, etc. These compounds can also be dissolved in a cosmetic base, a cream or oil, and added to other solutions or sprays normally applied to the skin, such as insect repellants, sun screen lotions, and ointments and creams normally used in the treatment of skin rashes and allergies, and in topical anesthetics used for the relief of pain and itching of sunburn. The skilled artisan concerned with the subject matter of this invention can easily prepare any of the above-mentioned conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms for topical application by simply referring to REMINGTONS PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES" (Fourteenth Edition), I970, pp, l46l-l762.
Normally. a single application brings immediate relief to the area treated; however, for stubborn cases, repeated application may be necessary.
Without further elaboration, it is believed that one of ordinary skill in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the specification and claims in any way whatsoever.
EXAMPLE I Set forth below are some illustrative topical formulations containing a selected tetraalkyldiamide coinpound of the instant invention.
Formulation Number I Solution N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl succinamide l 2571 Distilled water qs to 100% Procedure: Dissolve the tetramcthyl succinamidc in enough water to make 100%, Filter the solution. Apply to the effected area.
Formulation Number 2 Tincture N,N.N',N'-tetramethyl succinamide l Alcohol USP 5071 Water qs 10071 Procedure: Dissolve the tetramcthyl succinamide in the alcohol. Add sufficient water to make Filter and apply to affected area.
Formulation Number 3 Topical Aerosol N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl succinamide l 2571 Alcohol USP 5% lsopropylmyristate 57 *(onvenlional halogenated hydrocarbon propellant us (00% 0.2g. Freon ll ltrichlorol'uluromethane). Freon l2 Idichlorodil'luromelhane),
Freon l4 (carbon lctral'luoride lreon 3 l X (()etaflurocyelobutancl. Freon 1 l4 ((ryofluoraneJ. etc.
Procedure: Dissolve the tetramcthyl succinamide in the alcohol and isopropylmyristate. Add sufficient halogenated propellant and introduce into conventional aerosol containers either by pressure or by cold filling. Apply to affected area.
Formulation Number 4 Ointment N.N.N'.N-tetrameth)'l succinamide l Petrolatum USP t s EXAMPLE II (in Vivo Studies) A topical aerosol formulation, in accordance with Formulation Number 3 of Example I above was prepared. The concentration of tetramethylsuccinamide in the formulation was 5 percent. The halogenated hydrocarbon propellant employed was a conventional propellant, *Freon ll-l2 (50/50). *A 50/50 mixture of Freon I1 and Freon 12.
At 24 hour intervals, the aerosol was applied to dermatitic areas resulting from poison ivy contact on human volunteers of both sexes. Within 24 to 36 hours following application, dramatic reduction in the dermatitis of each individual treated was observed.
The tetraalkyl diamide compounds of this invention are highly water soluble and a finite affinity for the organic phase. These characteristics permit dermal penetration without significant systemic absorption. in addition, the topical LD of these compounds is relatively high. For instance, the compound, N,N,N.N- tetramcthyl succinamide gave a topical LD of 2000 mg./Kg. when applied to denuded rabbits.
From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions. Thus, such changes and-modifications are properly, equitably and intended to be, within the full range of equivalence for the following claims.
What I claim is:
l. A method of reducing poison ivy dermatitis on a warm-blooded animal, which comprises applying to the dermatitic area, an effective amount of a compound of the formula:
wherein each R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group olfrom I to 6 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from I to (a carbon atoms. and wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 0 to 22 carbon atoms and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of l'r'om to 22 carbon atoms.
whereby said compound forms a molecular complex with urushiol, the causative agent of said dermatitis. 2. The method of claim I, wherein said compound is: N.N.N.N '-tetramethyl adipamide. 3. The method ol claim I, wherein said compound is:
N.N.N',N'-tetramethylg|utaramide.
4. The method of claim I, wherein said compound is:
N.N,N.N-tetramethylsebacamide.
5. The method ol'claim I, wherein said compound is:
N N,N,N'-tetramethylsuccinamide.
6. The method of claim I, in which said compound is applied as a pharmaceutically acceptable topical preparation.
7. The method ol'claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as a water solution.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as an alcohol solution.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as an aqueous-alcoholic solution.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as a halogenated hydrocarbon propellant solution.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said propellant is a 50/50 mixture of triehlorotluoromethane and dichlorodil'luoromethane.
* a: q: a: :k
TINTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE QETTFTQATE ECTION Q Patent No. 3,875,301 Dated April 1, 1975 Invent (s) John J. Windheuser It is certified that error appears in the aboveidentified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
IN THE TITLE:
Delete "DIAMINES" and insert --DIAMIDES-.
" IN THE SPECIFICATION:
Column 3, the first line following the heading "Formulation Number 2 Tincture" delete "l"; delete "25%" and insert l 25% 0 Column 4, the first line following the heading "Formulation Number 3 Ibpical Aerosol" delete "l"; delete "25%" and insert l 25% ColuIm 4, the first line following the heading "Formulation Q Number 4 Ointment" delete "l"; delete "25%" and insert l 25% this itd an 0 fifth ay of August 1975 [SEAL] Arrest:
0 RUTH C. MASQN C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Off 11'" (umml'ssium'r nt'lurcnls and Trudvmurks
Claims (11)
1. A METHOD OF REDUCING POISON IVY DERMATITIS ON A WARMBLOODED ANIMAL, WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO THE DERMATITIC AREA, AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is: N,N,N'',N''-tetramethyl adipamide.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is: N,N,N'',N''-tetramethylglutaramide.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is: N,N,N'',N''-tetramethylsebacamide.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said compound is: N,N,N'',N''-tetramethylsuccinamide.
6. The method of claim 1, in which said compound is applied as a pharmaceutically acceptable topical preparation.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as a water solution.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as an alcohol solution.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as an aqueous-alcoholic solution.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein said compound is applied as a halogenated hydrocarbon propellant solution.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said propellant is a 50/50 mixture of trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane.
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US465527A US3875301A (en) | 1974-04-30 | 1974-04-30 | Useful tetraalkyl diamides in the treatment of poison ivy |
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US465527A US3875301A (en) | 1974-04-30 | 1974-04-30 | Useful tetraalkyl diamides in the treatment of poison ivy |
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US5409908A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-04-25 | Vyrex Corporation | Complexing urushiols |
US5443847A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1995-08-22 | West; Philip W. | Specific detoxification of urushiol with manganese salts |
US5700811A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1997-12-23 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Potent inducers of terminal differentiation and method of use thereof |
US5767109A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1998-06-16 | Sanchez; Robert A. | Complexing urushiols |
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US6423746B1 (en) | 1999-07-03 | 2002-07-23 | The William M. Yarbrough Foundation | Urushiol induced contact dermatitis and method of use |
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USRE38506E1 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 2004-04-20 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Potent inducers of terminal differentiation and methods of use thereof |
WO2004052358A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | The William Yarbrough Foundation | Urushiol induced contact dermatitis treatment and method of use |
US20040131696A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-08 | Gilbert Buchalter | Skin treatment for relief of itch |
US20040266818A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-12-30 | Ronald Breslow | Hydroxamic acid compounds and methods of use thereof |
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US5767109A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1998-06-16 | Sanchez; Robert A. | Complexing urushiols |
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US5409908A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-04-25 | Vyrex Corporation | Complexing urushiols |
US6423746B1 (en) | 1999-07-03 | 2002-07-23 | The William M. Yarbrough Foundation | Urushiol induced contact dermatitis and method of use |
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US6511990B1 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2003-01-28 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Class of cytodifferentiating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors, and methods of use thereof |
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US20060241129A1 (en) * | 1999-09-08 | 2006-10-26 | Ronald Breslow | Novel class of cytodifferentiating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors, and methods of use thereof |
WO2004052358A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | The William Yarbrough Foundation | Urushiol induced contact dermatitis treatment and method of use |
US20040131696A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-08 | Gilbert Buchalter | Skin treatment for relief of itch |
US7351747B2 (en) | 2003-01-06 | 2008-04-01 | Gilbert Buchalter | Skin treatment for relief of itch |
US20040266818A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-12-30 | Ronald Breslow | Hydroxamic acid compounds and methods of use thereof |
US7199134B2 (en) | 2003-04-01 | 2007-04-03 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Hydroxamic acid compounds and methods of use thereof |
US20070155785A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2007-07-05 | Ronald Breslow | Hydroxamic acid compounds and methods of use thereof |
US7799803B2 (en) | 2003-04-01 | 2010-09-21 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Hydroxamic acid compounds and methods of use thereof |
USRE45335E1 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2015-01-13 | Tec Laboratories, Inc. | Triple-action remedy for removing toxic oils from skin with simultaneous soothing and healing |
US20070203040A1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-08-30 | Harry Reicherz | Bar soap |
US20080185113A1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-08-07 | Ramon Valls | Emulsions |
US7988827B2 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2011-08-02 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Emulsions |
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