US3872694A - Washing machine - Google Patents

Washing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3872694A
US3872694A US359513A US35951373A US3872694A US 3872694 A US3872694 A US 3872694A US 359513 A US359513 A US 359513A US 35951373 A US35951373 A US 35951373A US 3872694 A US3872694 A US 3872694A
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Prior art keywords
basket
motor
machine
washing
drying operation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US359513A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tamotu Sikamori
Haruyuki Kaito
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • D06F37/304—Arrangements or adaptations of electric motors
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof

Definitions

  • a washing machine with a drying basket rotatably provided in a water tank and with a pulsator provided at the bottom portion of the drying basket has a difference between the optimum number of revolutions of the drying basket and that of the pulsator.
  • the washing machine is provided with a pole change motor for driving the drying basket and the pulsator wherein the motor is driven with a large number of poles in washing and rinsing operations and with a small number of poles in a drying operation to drive the dehydrating basket and the pulsator at an optimum speed of rotatron.
  • the present invention relates to a washing machine, and more particularly to a washing machine provided with a pulsator at the central bottom portion of a basket disposed within a water tank in coaxial relation thereto with water reserved therein in which the pulsator is driven for washing and rinsing operations and the basket is rotated at a high speed to effect drying after the water in the water tank is drained.
  • a washing machine provided with a water tank, basket and pulsator is well known in US. Pat. No. 3,306,082.
  • the disclosed well known washing machine includes a pulsator and a basket driven at the same rotational speed, and thus had the drawbacks of too much increased rotational speed of the pulsator with resultant great damages to cloths and articles to be washed and of too much reduced rotational speed of the basket, resulting in insufficient drying.
  • the conventional washing machine was provided with two motors for separately driving the pulsator and the basket because of the difference of the optimum rotational speed therebetween; alternatively, a
  • the washing machine of the kind should be designed to be driven with a washing water flow selected in two strong and weak modes and with the rotational speed of the drying basket selected in two high and low modes in accordance to the kind of cloths and articles to be washed, respectively.
  • An object of thepresent invention is to provide a washing machine in which one motor is provided therein to obtain the optimum driving speeds for the pulsator and the basket without the need for making any use of expensive gear reduction devices.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable washing machine free from large noises and failures by simplifying a power transmission line from a motor to the pulsator or to the basket.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a washing machine programmable in four different modes by effecting selective drive of each of the pulsator and the basket in two modes with respect to its rotational speed.
  • the present invention is characterized in that a pole change motor is employed for its drive with a maximum pole number during a washing operation and with a minimum pole number during a drying operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross section of a washing machine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing in detail a clutch and break construction for selectively driving a drying basket and a pulsator of the washing machine shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a control circuit diagram of the washing machine
  • FIG. 4 is a program chart for the operation of the washing machine
  • FIG. 5 is a cam chart according to which a washing machine operates
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit connection diagram for motor windings
  • FIG. 7 is a connection diagram similar to that of FIG. 6 in which a motor is set with four-pole driving.
  • FIG. 8 is a connection diagram similar to that of FIG. 6 in which a motor is set with six-pole driving.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a cylindrical water tank 2 with a bottom which is elastically suspended within a housing 1 by means of four suspension springs 3.
  • a basket 4 provided with a plurality of small drying holes on its circumferencial wall is disposed in the water tank 2 in coaxial relation thereto.
  • a pulsator shaft 7 secured to the lower surface of the pulsator 6 passes through and extends downwardly through a hollow shaft 8 fixed to the lower bottom surface of the basket 4 with a pulley 11 secured at the lower end thereof.
  • the hollow shaft 8 is rotatably supported within a brake housing 13 secured to the bottom portion of the water tank 2, and a brake drum 12 is secured within the brake housing 13 to the hollow shaft 8 further extending downwardly therefrom to define a clutch boss portion 8a (FIG. 2) around which a clutch spring 14 is wound.
  • the clutch spring 14 is wound on the clutch boss portion 8a of the hollow shaft 8 and on the outer circumference of the boss 25 of the pulley 11 secured to the lower edge of the pulsator shaft 7, in bridged relationship.
  • the clutch spring 14 has a lower end 14a bent back outwardly to engage with a coil collar 16 disposed at the outer circumference of the spring 14 as shown in detail in FIG. 2. On the outer circumference of the coil collar 16 there is formed projections 16a (FIG. 2) for engaging with a clutch lever 17.
  • the clutch spring 14 is deactuated in a state of the engagement of the projection with the clutch lever 17, transmitting no drive power to the hollow shaft 8.
  • a brake lever is secured with the clutch lever 17, and these levers are operated by the same magnet 22 (FIG. 3).
  • the actuation of the magnet 22 causes the brake lever 15 to be brought out of engagement with a brake shoe 13a and the clutch lever 17 to be brought out of engagement with the coil collar 16.
  • the pulley 11 is connected to a pulley of the motor 10 through a belt 9. This construction of the clutch and break as described above is shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • a draining valve 18 is connected to the magnet 22 and adapted to be opened upon actuation thereof.
  • Reference numeral 19 shows a draining hose, 20 an overflowing hole opened at the upper portion of the side wall of the water tank 2, and 21 a pressure switch for controlling the level of water contained in the water tank 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows an electric circuit diagram for the washing machine in which cam switches 32 to 37 are controlled by cam plates driven by a timer motor 24 in accordance with a cam chart shown in FIG. 5.
  • the cam switch 37 serves as a reversing switch for alternately reversing the motor 10 in the cycle of about seconds during the washing and rinsing operations for the purpose of reducing tangling conditions of the cloths and articles to be washed.
  • a water supply valve 23 and manually operated selection switches 26, 27 serving to selectively change-over the washing and drying operations in the strong and weak modes.
  • a relay 28 for changing the number of the pole has contacts e, f, g,'h and i as shown in FIG. 6 and changes-over its contacts to a state as shown in FIG. 6 upon energization of a coil 28a.
  • FIG. 6 shows a connection of the windings in the motor 10 in which windings 38 for use in the twopole driving are comprised of main and auxiliary windings between which a capacitor 29 is connected.
  • Windings 39 are adapted for use in both four and six pole drivings, and establish the four-pole driving when two windings are connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 7 and the six-pole driving when they are connected in series as shown in FIG. 8. These windings 38 and 39 are inserted in corresponding slots of the motor 10.
  • the four-pole and six-pole drivings of the motor require phase advancing capacitors having different capacitance, respectively, so that two capacitors 30 and 31 are provided which are connected in parallel at the four-pole driving and one capacitor 31 of which is disconnected from the circuit by means of the contact e (FIG. 6) with only the other capacitor 30 operating at the six-pole driving.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show circuit diagrams at the time of energization and deenergization of the coil 28a, respectively, with the motor 10 driven with four poles upon the deenergization as shown in FIG. 7 and driven with six poles upon the energization as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the selection switches 26 and 27 are manually connected to positions a and b (FIG. 3), respectively. Then the timer is set to an initiating position whereupon the cam switch 32 is closed and a water supply valve 23 is actuated for water supply through a position NC of the pressure switch 21 and a position b of the cam switch 36.
  • the reversing operation of the pressure switch 21 to a position NO due to the increased level of waterin the water tank 2 causes the timer motor 24 to be actuated and the motor 10 to be driven through conduction of the motor 10 through the position b of the cam switch 35, a reversing cam switch 37 and the relay 28 because the cam switch 34 has already been connected to the position b.
  • the relay coil 28a remains deenergized due to the connection of the selection switch 26 to the position a, thereby causing the motor 10 to be connected for fourpole driving as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the driving force derived from the motor 10 is transmitted only to the shaft 7 of the pulsator 6 to drive the latter because the brake lever 15 and the clutch lever 17 shown in FIG.
  • a ratio of diameter of the pulley 11 to that of a pulley corresponding thereto and directly coupled to the motor is determined so that the pulsator 6 may be rotated at a speed of about 500 revolutions per minute.
  • the cam switch 35 is connected to the position a to stop the motor 10 and to render the magnet 22 conductive, thereby opening the draining valve 18 to effect a draining operation.
  • the reduced level of water in the water tank 2 causes the pressure switch 21 to be connected to the position NC, but causes the water supplying valve 23 to remain nonoperated to continue to effect the draining operation because the cam switch 36 is changed-over to the position a.
  • the cam switch 36 is changed-over to the position b to close the cam switch 33 with the water supply valve 23 opened for water supply.
  • a predetermined amount of supply of water permits the pressure switch 21 to be connected to the position NO to actuate the timer motor 24 and the motor 10 through the position b of the cam switch 34, thus effecting the rinsing operation in the same manner as in the above-mentioned washing operation.
  • the successive water supply is effected because the cam switch 33 is closed irrespective of the connection of the pressure switch to the position NO.
  • the supplied water dilutes the concentration of a cleanser contained in the water tank 2 and overflows out of an overflow port 20 provided on the upper portion of the water tank 2, thus effecting a socalled overflow rinsing operation.
  • the cam switch 35 is connected to the position a to stop the motor 10 and activate the magnet 22 with the draining valve opened to drain the water.
  • the complete drain of water still remaining in the water tank is effected to change-over the cam switch 34 to the position 0, thus entering an intermediate drying operation.
  • the select switch 27 has already been set to the position b in the drying operation, so that a current flows through the two-pole windings 38 of the motor with the result of the high revolution of the motor 10.
  • the continuous energization of the magnet 22 is provided due to the connection of the cam switch 35 to the position a to open the draining valve as well as to operate the brake lever and the clutch lever 17, thus bringing the brake mechanism out of engagement to effect the unidirectional drive of the basket 4 at the high speed because the clutch spring 14 is disposed around the pulley boss 25 and the hollow shaft 8.
  • the clutch spring 14 has its winding direction determined in such a way that it is urged to wind around the pulley boss 25 and the hollow shaft 8 due to the rotational drive of the motor at the drying operation in the state of disengagement of the clutch lever 17.
  • the two-pole driving of the motor 10 permits the pulsator 6 as well as the basket 4 to be driven at the speed of about 1,000 revolutions per minute with the strong centrifugal drying operation.
  • the cam switches 34 and 35 are both changed-over to the position a.
  • the motor 10 is connected to the power supply through either of the positions a and b of the selection switch 27, so that only the windings 38 for two-pole driving connected to the position b of the selection switch 27 is connected to the power supply in Program No. 1 with the windings completely disconnected therefrom.
  • water supply, rinsing, draining and drying operations are effected in the same manner as in the previously described water supply, rinsing, draining and drying operations.
  • the selection switches 26 and 27 are set to the position a when the washing operation is to be effected in accordance with Program No. 2, i.e., in the strong mode of the washing water flow and in the weak mode of the drying revolution.
  • the cam switch 34 is changed-over to the position a to render the windings 39 of the motor 10 conductive because the selection switch has already been changed-over to the position a.
  • the relay coil 28a remains deenergized with its relay contact returned to the original state, and the circuit as shown in FIG. 7 is established to drive the motor 10 with the four poles.
  • the basket 4 and the pulsator 6 are rotated at the speed of about 500 revolutions per minute with the weak centrifugal drying operation as compared with that according to Program No. 1.
  • the operations according to the Program No. 2' are preferably suitable for the cloths such as those made of polyester textiles which are resistant enough for the strong washing water flow but tend to crumple against a stronger dehydrating force.
  • the operations according to Program No. 3 in which the washing water flow is strong and the drying revolution is strong are suitable for use in washing wool products such as sweaters.
  • the selection switches 26 and 27 are set to the position b whereupon the relay coil 28a is energized with the contacts e,f, g, h and i turned to the positions shown in FIG. 6 by solid lines to establish the circuit shown in FIG. 8 for six-pole driving of the motor 10 because the cam switches 34 and 35 are connected to the position b with the selection switch 26 changed-over to the position b in the washing and rinsing steps. Consequently, the pulsator 6 is rotated at the speed of about 300 revolutions per minute which is lower than in the washing steps according to Program Nos. 1 and 2, thus resulting in the weaker water flow.
  • the two-pole driving windings 38 are energized through the position a of the cam switch and the position b of the selection switch to rotate the basket 4 at the speed of 900 to 1,000 revolutions per minute with the strong centrifugal drying.
  • the selection switches 26 and 27 are set to the positions b and a, respectively, in the operations according to Program No. 4 in which the motor 10 is driven with six poles at the washing and rinsing operations while with four poles at the drying operation, and which is most suitable for the products such as stockings made of nylon which require washing by weak water flow and weak drying.
  • the selection switches 26 and 27 can be operated independently of each other, but may be set simultaneously for improvement of the operations by utilizing a well-known piano switch in cooperation with four pushing levers each provided with a mark corresponding to the program number and by operating one of the pushing levers.
  • the windings 39 of the motor 10 are selectively connected in series and in parallel for four-pole and six-pole drivings, but may be changed-over to the four-pole and eight-pole drivings wherein the pulsatoris rotated in the weak washing operation halfa time as low as in the strong washing operation.
  • a ratio of the rotational speed of the basket in the strong drying to that in the weak drying is three to two, and a ratio of the rotational speed of the pulsator in the strong washing and that in the weak washing is four to three.
  • the maximum number of revolution at the drying is 1.3 to 4 times as great as the number of revolution at the washing.
  • the maximum number of revolution at the drying is set to be 1.3 to 4 times as great as the number of revolution at the washing, then the rotational speeds respectively nearly equal to the number of revolution most suitable for the drying and that most suitable for the washing can be obtained by changing the pole number of the motor.
  • a ratio of the pole number to be changed to the minimum pole number ranges from 1.3 to 4, so that the motor having a torque requisite to the drying and the washing can be manufactured with ease and without making the dimension too large.
  • the motor can be driven with two different kinds of pole number, i.e., with two and four poles or four and eight poles in the case where it is not necessary to set the number of revolution in multiple steps at both the drying and washing operations.
  • the motor is driven with a small number of poles at the drying operation while with a large number of poles at the washing and rinsing operations.
  • the motor may be changed in pole number in three steps wherein the strong washing operation and the weak drying operation are effected with the intermediate pole number.
  • the selective switching to the drying and the washing operations is effected by transmitting the drive power from the motor 10 only to the pulsator 7 or both to the pulsator shaft 7 and the hollow shaft 8 with the result of the use of only one clutch device.
  • the rotational drive power transmitted to the pulley 11 is selectively transmitted to the pulsator 6 and the hollow shaft 8 through the clutch mechanism, so that the washing machine improves its life span and reliability remarkably with the driving system greatly simplified as compared with the conventional ones with the reduced defects.
  • the simultaneous revolution of the pulsator 6 and the basket 4 during the drying operation allows the drying operation without any disorder even if the cloths and articles to be washed are disposed on both the pulsator and the bottom of the basket in bridged relation.
  • the present embodiments require two kinds of windings 38 and 39 in the motor 10, only either one of which is rendered conductive with the other disconnected from the power supply with the result of a danger of inducing a voltage on the idling winding, but short-circuited current hardly flows through the windings due to the presence of the capacitor connected in series with the resistance of the windings themselves. If the short-circuited current greatly flows through the idling winding depending upon the output from the motor, then the idling winding may be open-circuited by providing the additional selection switches 26 and 27 or contacts of the relay.
  • the windings can be connected by means of a relay in such a way as to always remove the idling windings.
  • the present invention dispenses with the complicated speed changing mechanism because the motor is constructed to be changed in pole number in at least two steps wherein the motor is driven with a small number of poles at the drying operation while with a large number of poles at the washing and rinsing operations.
  • the motor can be changed in pole number in three steps to effect the weak drying and the strong washing operations at the intermediate speed in association with the switching operation of the clutch, thereby providing the washing machine with four kinds of different programmed operations.
  • the speed change of the motor is effected by electric control means such as relay cam switches consequently with the greatly reduced disorders and with the enhanced reliability of the devices.
  • a washing machine comprising basket means for receiving articles to be washed, said means being rotatably mounted in a water tank, pulsating means provided for said basket means, pole change motor means for driving said basket means and pulsating means, the number of poles of said motor means being adjustable to control the motor means speed in three steps, clutch means for transmitting driving power from the motor means to the basket means during drying operation of the washing machine, brake means for holding said basket means stationary during washing and rinsing operations of the washing machine, means for operating said clutch means during drying operation of the machine so as to transmit the power from said motor means to the basket means, means for releasing said brake means during drying operation, and switch means for selecting the number of poles of said motor means corresponding to a maximum number or an intermediate number during washing and rinsing operations of the machine.
  • a washing machine comprising basket means for receiving articles to be washed, said means being rotatably mounted in a water tank, pulsating means provided for said basket means, pole change motor means for driving said basket means and pulsating means, the number of poles of said motor means being adjustable to control the motor means speed in three steps, clutch means for transmitting driving power from the motor means to the basket means during drying operation of the machine, brake means for holding said basket means stationary during washing and rinsing operations of the machine, means for operating said clutch means and releasing said brake means during drying operation of the machine, and switch means for selecting the number of poles of said motor means corresponding to a minimum number or an intermediate number during drying operation of the machine.
  • a washing machine comprising basket means for receiving articles to be washed, said means being rotatably mounted in a water tank, pulsating means provided for said basket means, pole change motor means for driving said basket means and pulsating means, the number of poles of said motor means being adjustable to control the motor means speed in three steps, clutch means for transmitting driving power from the motor means to the basket means during drying operation of the machine, brake means for holding said basket means stationary during washing and rinsing operations of the machine, means for operating said clutch means and releasing said brake means during drying operation of the machine, first switch means for selecting the number of poles of said motor means corresponding to a maximum number or an intermediate number during washing and rinsing operations of the machine, and second switch means for selecting the number of poles of said motor means corresponding to a minimum number or an intermediate number during drying operation of the machine.
  • a washing machine wherein said first and second switch means are connected to contacts of cam switches changed-over during drying operation and during washing and rinsing operations of the machine.
  • a washing machine wherein the pulsator means is located at a central bottom portion of the basket means, and wherein the clutch means transmits driving power from the motor means to the basket means only during drying operation of the machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
US359513A 1972-05-12 1973-05-11 Washing machine Expired - Lifetime US3872694A (en)

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JP47046352A JPS498065A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-05-12 1972-05-12

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US359513A Expired - Lifetime US3872694A (en) 1972-05-12 1973-05-11 Washing machine

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JP (1) JPS498065A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202187A (en) * 1977-06-09 1980-05-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Washing basket of washing machine capable of functioning as hydroextractor
US5333474A (en) * 1992-09-14 1994-08-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Washing machine
US5436546A (en) * 1992-12-17 1995-07-25 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Method and apparatus for switching back a change-pole motor
US5491859A (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-02-20 Maytag Corporation Drive system for automatic washing machine
US20030221265A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 Lg Electronics Inc. Device for controlling motor in washing machine and method for controlling process of washing machine by using the same
US20040139558A1 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-22 Joon-Woo Kim Method for controlling dehydration speed of washing machine
WO2007074103A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A washing machine and a control method thereof
US20070163322A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2007-07-19 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Automatic machine control device
US20100175436A1 (en) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Tub with overflow and washing machine having the same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003345A (en) * 1955-01-17 1961-10-10 Gen Electric Control circuit in an automatic clothes washing machine
US3021701A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-02-20 Gen Motors Corp Clothes washing machine and single phase induction motor therefor
US3248908A (en) * 1962-05-18 1966-05-03 Sidney B Pope Washing machine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252310A (en) * 1964-06-15 1966-05-24 Gen Motors Corp Clothes washing machine and friction drive therefor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003345A (en) * 1955-01-17 1961-10-10 Gen Electric Control circuit in an automatic clothes washing machine
US3021701A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-02-20 Gen Motors Corp Clothes washing machine and single phase induction motor therefor
US3248908A (en) * 1962-05-18 1966-05-03 Sidney B Pope Washing machine

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202187A (en) * 1977-06-09 1980-05-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Washing basket of washing machine capable of functioning as hydroextractor
US5333474A (en) * 1992-09-14 1994-08-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Washing machine
US5436546A (en) * 1992-12-17 1995-07-25 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Method and apparatus for switching back a change-pole motor
US5491859A (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-02-20 Maytag Corporation Drive system for automatic washing machine
US20030221265A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 Lg Electronics Inc. Device for controlling motor in washing machine and method for controlling process of washing machine by using the same
US7299664B2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2007-11-27 Lg Electronics Inc. Device for controlling motor in washing machine and method for controlling process of washing machine by using the same
US20040139558A1 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-22 Joon-Woo Kim Method for controlling dehydration speed of washing machine
EP1441055A1 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-28 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for controlling dehydration speed of washing machine
US20070163322A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2007-07-19 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Automatic machine control device
WO2007074103A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A washing machine and a control method thereof
US20100175436A1 (en) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Tub with overflow and washing machine having the same
US8746019B2 (en) * 2009-01-13 2014-06-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Tub with overflow and washing machine having the same

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AU5563773A (en) 1974-11-14

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