US3869230A - Internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine - Google Patents

Internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine Download PDF

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US3869230A
US3869230A US346761A US34676173A US3869230A US 3869230 A US3869230 A US 3869230A US 346761 A US346761 A US 346761A US 34676173 A US34676173 A US 34676173A US 3869230 A US3869230 A US 3869230A
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ring
piston
scraper
internal seal
supporting
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US346761A
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Wolfgang Schmadeke
Gottlieb Wilmers
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C19/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C19/10—Sealings for working fluids between radially and axially movable parts

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Vrablik Attorney, Agent, or FirmKane, Dalsimer, Kane, Sullivan and Kurucz [57] ABSTRACT
  • the invention relates to an internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell having a multiarcuate interior surface.
  • the piston is in the housing and is rotatably mounted on an eccentric.
  • the said internal seal has an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing. The function of the scraper ring is to prevent passage of coolant or lubricant from the piston into the working chambers.
  • the O-ring be arranged axially behind the scraper ring.
  • the O-ring remains in direct contact with the piston, which becomes relatively hot in operation, so that the life of the elastic O-ring is limited.
  • the O-ring is stressed exclusively in compression, with resulting very small spring displacements, given the contact pressure required.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved internal seal for a piston of a rotary engine which permits relatively easy axial mobility of the scraper ring and secondly prolongs the service life of the rubber-like elastic seal between the scraper ring and the piston.
  • This object is achieved by the instant invention by fixedly uniting the scraper ring to a coaxial supporting ring by means of a rubber-like elastic ring stressed predominantly in shear.
  • the scraper ring is displaceable in axial direction without friction, except for internal friction in the rubber-like elastic ring.
  • the prestress when the internal seal is installed in the piston may be very small.
  • the thermal stress on the elastic ring is substantially reduced. Spring displacements of adequate length are obtainable because the elastic ring is stressed predominantly in shear.
  • the internal seal consisting of the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring, may be set into an annular recess in one face of the piston with the supporting ring being preferably located radially inwardly, having a press fit on the inner periphery of the annular recess.
  • the supporting ring may form the radially inner flange ofa ring of U-shaped cross section embracing the scraper ring, its radially outer flange making a press fit in the circular recess in the piston wall.
  • the supporting ring likewise forms a scraper ring axially movable in an annular recess in one face of the piston or in a separate holder ring attached to the end wall of the piston.
  • the scraper ring may take the form of a segment of thin-walled tubing, the part of which projects axially from the supporting ring, being beveled radially outward to form a stripping edge.
  • a scraper ring of this type may be produced at low cost by bending a strip of suitable material into a ring and butt-welding it at the joint.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of one embodiment of an internal seal set into an annular recess in the face of the piston.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of an internal seal set into a circular recess in the end wall of the piston.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a third embodiment of an internal seal again set in an annular recess in the wall of the piston, the supporting ring taking the form of a scraper ring as well.
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the engine with the housing shell and one housing end part, the eccentric shaft and the eccentric with a further embodiment ofinternal seal set in the manual recess in the wall of the piston.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the scraper ring made of metallic material bent into a ring and butt welded at the joint in accordance with a further refinement of the present invention.
  • the internal seal 6 is set into an annular recess 7 in the piston wall I and consists of a scraper ring 8 with beveled stripping edge 9, fixedly united by a rubber-like elastic ring 10 to a coaxial supporting ring 11 arranged inside the scraper ring 8.
  • the rubberlike elastic ring 10 is joined to the scraper ring 8 and supporting ring 11 preferably by vulcanizing.
  • the supporting ring 11 has a press fit on the inner periphery 12 of annular recess 7.
  • the elastic ring 10 in the first instance forms an absolutely tight seal between the scraper ring 8 and the piston wall 1, and moreover provides the necessary axial contact pressurefor the scraper ring 8.
  • the elastic ring 10 Upon axial motion of scraper ring 8 relative to supporting ring 11, the elastic ring 10 is stressed practically exclusively in shear, permitting comparatively great spring displacements with adequate contact pressure.
  • the heat effect on the elastic ring 10 is comparatively light, since the supporting ring 11 separates it from the hot piston.
  • the supporting ring 11 forms the radially inner flange of a holder ring 13 of U- shaped cross-section, its radially outer flange l4 making a press fit in a circular recess 15 in the piston wall 1.
  • the scraper ring 8' in this case consists of a segment of thin-walled tubing, its face 16 projecting from holder ring 13 being beveled radially outwardly to form a stripping edge.
  • the scraper ring 8 is again fixedly united to flange 11' by a rubber-like elastic ring stressed practically exclusively in shear when scraper ring 8' moves axially.
  • the holder ring 13 is bathed by the piston coolant, so that the rubber-like elastic ring 10 is not subjected to any appreciable heat load.
  • the scraper ring 8 may be made of metallic material bent into a ring and butt-welded at the joint as shown in FIG. 5. The scraper ring may then be made especially small and light possessing a high natural frequency, which favors tight contact of scraper ring 8' with the adjacent housing wall 3.
  • an additional contact spring 17 may be employed.
  • the spring is in the form of a dish spring with apertures 1.7a to lessen its rigidity.
  • the scraper ring 8 and rubber-like elastic ring 10 are essentially similar in form to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the supporting ring 11'' in this case, however, is in the form of an axially movable scraper ring having a beveled stripping edge. This ring is set into recess 7 together with the elastic ring 10 and the scraper ring 8.
  • the unit consisting of rings 8, 10 and 11" is pressed axially against the adjacent housing wall 3 by a corrugated spring 18.
  • the rubber-like elastic ring 10 then need follow only relatively slight axial motions of scraper ring 8.
  • the seal between supporting ring 11" and piston wall 1 is provided by a metallic sealing ring 19 of C- shaped cross section.
  • the unit consisting of rings 8, 10 and 11" may be arranged in a holder ring [13' of U-shaped cross section, set, like the holder ring 13 in FIG. 2, into a circular recess in the piston walls.
  • the springs 18 and 19 will then cooperate with the corresponding walls of the holder ring.
  • An internal seal for the piston ofa rotary piston engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell, having multi-arcuate interior surface, in which housing the piston is rotatably mounted on an eccentric, said internal seal having an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing, a coaxial supporting ring, a rubber-like elastic ring being adapted to be separated from the piston by the supporting ring, the scraper ring fixedly united to the coaxial supporting ring by the rubberlike elastic ring which is stressed predominantly in shear when the scraper ring moves axially relative to the supporting ring, the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring being fixedly united and undetachably interconnected to form and function as a single unit.
  • scraper ring is in the shape of a segment of thin-walled tubing with a face thereof projecting from the supporting ring and being beveled radially outwardly to form a stripping edge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell having a multi-arcuate interior surface. The piston is in the housing and is rotatably mounted on an eccentric. The said internal seal has an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing. The function of the scraper ring is to prevent passage of coolant or lubricant from the piston into the working chambers.

Description

United States Patent [1 1 Schmadeke et al.
[ 1 Mar.4, 1975 INTERNAL SEAL FOR THE PISTON OF A ROTARY ENGINE [76] Inventors: Wolfgang Schmadeke,
Cacilienstrabe 29, Heilbronn; Gottlieb Wilmers, Friedhofstrabe 25, Neuenstadt, both of Germany [22] Filed: Apr. 2, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 346,761
3,191,945 6/1965 Andresen...... 277/88 3,194,569 7/1965 Utvitch.... 277/88 3,291,493 12/1966 Blair 277/92 3,400,939 9/1968 Jones 418/142 3,535,061 10/1970 Yamamoto 418/142 3,540,815 11/1970 Belzner et a1 418/142 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,016,540 1/1966 Great Britain 418/142 Primary Examiner-John .1. Vrablik Attorney, Agent, or FirmKane, Dalsimer, Kane, Sullivan and Kurucz [57] ABSTRACT The invention relates to an internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell having a multiarcuate interior surface. The piston is in the housing and is rotatably mounted on an eccentric. The said internal seal has an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing. The function of the scraper ring is to prevent passage of coolant or lubricant from the piston into the working chambers.
8 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures f/f l INTERNAL SEAL FOR THE PISTON OF A ROTARY ENGINE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the known internal seals for pistons of a rotary engine, the juncture between the scraper ring and the piston is sealed by means of an elastic O-ring exerting a radial force. Since this O-ring must be installed with a certain amount of prestress, it opposes resistance to axial motions of the scraper ring relative to the piston. This resistance must be overcome by a correspondingly strong contact spring to achieve positive contact of the scraper ring with the adjacent end wall of the housing. This results in increased wear, both at the stripping edge of the scraper ring and on the end wall of the housing. Furthermore, as a result of thermal and mechanical stress, the O-ring may suffer permanent deformation and the internal seal may leak.
To ensure at least an easy axial displaceability of the scraper ring, it has been proposed that the O-ring be arranged axially behind the scraper ring. In this arrangement, however, the O-ring remains in direct contact with the piston, which becomes relatively hot in operation, so that the life of the elastic O-ring is limited. Besides, in this arrangement the O-ring is stressed exclusively in compression, with resulting very small spring displacements, given the contact pressure required.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide an improved internal seal for a piston of a rotary engine which permits relatively easy axial mobility of the scraper ring and secondly prolongs the service life of the rubber-like elastic seal between the scraper ring and the piston.
This object is achieved by the instant invention by fixedly uniting the scraper ring to a coaxial supporting ring by means of a rubber-like elastic ring stressed predominantly in shear.
Thus, the scraper ring is displaceable in axial direction without friction, except for internal friction in the rubber-like elastic ring. Under these circumstances, the prestress when the internal seal is installed in the piston may be very small. Inasmuch as the rubber-like elastic ring is separated from the hot piston by the supporting ring, the thermal stress on the elastic ring is substantially reduced. Spring displacements of adequate length are obtainable because the elastic ring is stressed predominantly in shear. The internal seal, consisting of the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring, may be set into an annular recess in one face of the piston with the supporting ring being preferably located radially inwardly, having a press fit on the inner periphery of the annular recess. If the internal seal is to be set into a circular recess in one wall of the piston, the supporting ring may form the radially inner flange ofa ring of U-shaped cross section embracing the scraper ring, its radially outer flange making a press fit in the circular recess in the piston wall.
In another embodiment ofthe invention, the supporting ring likewise forms a scraper ring axially movable in an annular recess in one face of the piston or in a separate holder ring attached to the end wall of the piston.
The scraper ring may take the form of a segment of thin-walled tubing, the part of which projects axially from the supporting ring, being beveled radially outward to form a stripping edge. A scraper ring of this type may be produced at low cost by bending a strip of suitable material into a ring and butt-welding it at the joint.
According to this invention, positive sealing between the piston and scraper ring is assured even though the elasticity of the rubber-like material should decrease with time. In order to attain adequate contact pressure of the scraper ring with the adjacent housing wall in such case, an additional metal contact spring may be provided for the scraper ring; this ring may be comparatively small, since as aforementioned, the rubber-like elastic ring only insignificantly impedes free axial mobility of the scraper ring.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of one embodiment of an internal seal set into an annular recess in the face of the piston.
FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of an internal seal set into a circular recess in the end wall of the piston.
FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a third embodiment of an internal seal again set in an annular recess in the wall of the piston, the supporting ring taking the form of a scraper ring as well.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the engine with the housing shell and one housing end part, the eccentric shaft and the eccentric with a further embodiment ofinternal seal set in the manual recess in the wall of the piston.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the scraper ring made of metallic material bent into a ring and butt welded at the joint in accordance with a further refinement of the present invention.
gether with the wall 3 of the adjacent end part 4 of the housing defines an annular space 5 which is sealed off from space 5a, containing lubricant or coolant, by an internal seal generally designated 6. The internal seal 6 is set into an annular recess 7 in the piston wall I and consists of a scraper ring 8 with beveled stripping edge 9, fixedly united by a rubber-like elastic ring 10 to a coaxial supporting ring 11 arranged inside the scraper ring 8. The rubberlike elastic ring 10 is joined to the scraper ring 8 and supporting ring 11 preferably by vulcanizing. The supporting ring 11 has a press fit on the inner periphery 12 of annular recess 7.
The elastic ring 10 in the first instance forms an absolutely tight seal between the scraper ring 8 and the piston wall 1, and moreover provides the necessary axial contact pressurefor the scraper ring 8. Upon axial motion of scraper ring 8 relative to supporting ring 11, the elastic ring 10 is stressed practically exclusively in shear, permitting comparatively great spring displacements with adequate contact pressure. The heat effect on the elastic ring 10 is comparatively light, since the supporting ring 11 separates it from the hot piston.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the supporting ring 11 forms the radially inner flange of a holder ring 13 of U- shaped cross-section, its radially outer flange l4 making a press fit in a circular recess 15 in the piston wall 1. The scraper ring 8' in this case consists of a segment of thin-walled tubing, its face 16 projecting from holder ring 13 being beveled radially outwardly to form a stripping edge. The scraper ring 8 is again fixedly united to flange 11' by a rubber-like elastic ring stressed practically exclusively in shear when scraper ring 8' moves axially. In this embodiment, the holder ring 13 is bathed by the piston coolant, so that the rubber-like elastic ring 10 is not subjected to any appreciable heat load.
The scraper ring 8 may be made of metallic material bent into a ring and butt-welded at the joint as shown in FIG. 5. The scraper ring may then be made especially small and light possessing a high natural frequency, which favors tight contact of scraper ring 8' with the adjacent housing wall 3.
In order to avoid adequate contact pressure of scraper ring 8 in the event of diminished elasticity of the rubber-like ring 10, an additional contact spring 17 may be employed. In this embodiment, the spring is in the form of a dish spring with apertures 1.7a to lessen its rigidity.
In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the scraper ring 8 and rubber-like elastic ring 10 are essentially similar in form to the embodiment of FIG. 1. The supporting ring 11'' in this case, however, is in the form of an axially movable scraper ring having a beveled stripping edge. This ring is set into recess 7 together with the elastic ring 10 and the scraper ring 8. The unit consisting of rings 8, 10 and 11" is pressed axially against the adjacent housing wall 3 by a corrugated spring 18. The rubber-like elastic ring 10 then need follow only relatively slight axial motions of scraper ring 8. In this embodiment, the seal between supporting ring 11" and piston wall 1 is provided by a metallic sealing ring 19 of C- shaped cross section. In a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 3 shown in FIG. 4, the unit consisting of rings 8, 10 and 11" may be arranged in a holder ring [13' of U-shaped cross section, set, like the holder ring 13 in FIG. 2, into a circular recess in the piston walls. The springs 18 and 19 will then cooperate with the corresponding walls of the holder ring.
We claim:
1. An internal seal for the piston ofa rotary piston engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell, having multi-arcuate interior surface, in which housing the piston is rotatably mounted on an eccentric, said internal seal having an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing, a coaxial supporting ring, a rubber-like elastic ring being adapted to be separated from the piston by the supporting ring, the scraper ring fixedly united to the coaxial supporting ring by the rubberlike elastic ring which is stressed predominantly in shear when the scraper ring moves axially relative to the supporting ring, the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring being fixedly united and undetachably interconnected to form and function as a single unit.
2. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring forms the radially inner flange of a holder ring of U-shaped cross section embracing the scraper ring, the holder ring having a radially outer flange capable of being set into an end wall of the piston.
3. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring capable of being set axially movable in an annular recess in a piston wall.
4. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein an additional contact spring is provided for the scraper ring.
5. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring capable of being set axially movable in a separate holder ring attached to the piston wall.
6. An internal seal according to claim 1, wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring, and the unit consisting of the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring is set axially movable in a separate U-shaped holder ring attached to the piston wall, and further comprising a contact spring between the end of the supporting ring opposite to its scraper edge and the adjacent wall of the holder ring.
7. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the scraper ring is in the shape of a segment of thin-walled tubing with a face thereof projecting from the supporting ring and being beveled radially outwardly to form a stripping edge.
8. An internal seal according to claim 7 wherein the scraper ring is formed ofa strip of metal bent into a ring and butt-welded at the joint.
UNITED STATES PATENT QEETEE CERTIFICATE OF CORREQTWW PATENT NO. 1 3,869,230 DATED March 4, 1975 INVENTOR(5) WOLFGANG SCHMADEKE and GOTTLIEB WILMERS It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
The name of the assignees should be inserted:
--=Audi NSU Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft, Neckarsulm/Wurttemberg,
West Germany and WANKEL GmbH Lindau/Bodensee, West Germany.,
Signed and gealed this A ttes t."
RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Officer

Claims (8)

1. An internal seal for the piston of a rotary piston engine of trochoid type having a housing with two end parts and with a shell, having multi-arcuate interior surface, in which housing the piston is rotatably mounted on an eccentric, said internal seal having an axially movable scraper ring held in spring contact with the adjacent end wall of the housing, a coaxial supporting ring, a rubber-like elastic ring being adapted to be separated from the piston by the supporting ring, the scraper ring fixedly united to the coaxial supporting ring by the rubberlike elastic ring which is stressed predominantly in shear when the scraper ring moves axially relative to the supporting ring, the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the supporting ring being fixedly united and undetachably interconnected to form and function as a single unit.
2. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring forms the radially inner flange of a holder ring of U-shaped cross section embracing the scraper ring, the holder ring having a radially outer flange capable of being set into an end wall of the piston.
3. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring capable of being set axially movable in an annular recess in a piston wall.
4. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein an additional contact spring is provided for the scraper ring.
5. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring capable of being set axially movable in a separate holder ring attached to the piston wall.
6. An internal seal according to claim 1, wherein the supporting ring is in the form of a scraper ring, and the unit consisting of the scraper ring, the elastic ring and the suPporting ring is set axially movable in a separate U-shaped holder ring attached to the piston wall, and further comprising a contact spring between the end of the supporting ring opposite to its scraper edge and the adjacent wall of the holder ring.
7. An internal seal according to claim 1 wherein the scraper ring is in the shape of a segment of thin-walled tubing with a face thereof projecting from the supporting ring and being beveled radially outwardly to form a stripping edge.
8. An internal seal according to claim 7 wherein the scraper ring is formed of a strip of metal bent into a ring and butt-welded at the joint.
US346761A 1972-04-08 1973-04-02 Internal seal for the piston of a rotary engine Expired - Lifetime US3869230A (en)

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DE2216965A DE2216965C3 (en) 1972-04-08 1972-04-08 Inner seal for a piston of a rotary piston machine

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JP (1) JPS4914802A (en)
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FR (1) FR2180320A5 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4262914A (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-04-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co. End face seal assembly

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2233624A (en) * 1938-12-12 1941-03-04 Magneseal Company Bearing seal
US2871039A (en) * 1955-01-19 1959-01-27 Crane Packing Co Sealing element for rotary mechanical seals
US3171590A (en) * 1960-12-16 1965-03-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary combustion engines
US3180563A (en) * 1963-05-13 1965-04-27 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary combustion engine
US3191945A (en) * 1963-03-18 1965-06-29 Gits Bros Mfg Co Rotary seal with supporting sleeve
US3194569A (en) * 1960-07-05 1965-07-13 Utvitch Jovan Sealing joint axially supported by friction between parts in rotation in relation to one another in a machine
US3291493A (en) * 1965-07-27 1966-12-13 Chicago Rawhide Mfg Co End face seal
US3400939A (en) * 1966-01-03 1968-09-10 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary engines
US3535061A (en) * 1969-09-03 1970-10-20 Toyo Kogyo Co Rotor of rotary piston engine
US3540815A (en) * 1969-06-10 1970-11-17 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Sealing means for rotary internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2233624A (en) * 1938-12-12 1941-03-04 Magneseal Company Bearing seal
US2871039A (en) * 1955-01-19 1959-01-27 Crane Packing Co Sealing element for rotary mechanical seals
US3194569A (en) * 1960-07-05 1965-07-13 Utvitch Jovan Sealing joint axially supported by friction between parts in rotation in relation to one another in a machine
US3171590A (en) * 1960-12-16 1965-03-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary combustion engines
US3191945A (en) * 1963-03-18 1965-06-29 Gits Bros Mfg Co Rotary seal with supporting sleeve
US3180563A (en) * 1963-05-13 1965-04-27 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary combustion engine
US3291493A (en) * 1965-07-27 1966-12-13 Chicago Rawhide Mfg Co End face seal
US3400939A (en) * 1966-01-03 1968-09-10 Curtiss Wright Corp Oil seal construction for rotary engines
US3540815A (en) * 1969-06-10 1970-11-17 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Sealing means for rotary internal combustion engines
US3535061A (en) * 1969-09-03 1970-10-20 Toyo Kogyo Co Rotor of rotary piston engine

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DE2216965A1 (en) 1973-10-18
DE2216965B2 (en) 1978-05-11
JPS4914802A (en) 1974-02-08
FR2180320A5 (en) 1973-11-23
DE2216965C3 (en) 1979-01-11

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